TERM PROJECT

GROUP 6

RESEARCH METHOD IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

Student Names:
Fatih ALTINBA
Yakup YAAR
Edanur UUR
Metehan HANDEMRC
Avni A. TOSYALI
Enes ATMACA

Research Question
How satisfied are students at the university cafeteria foods?
Research Objectives

To determine students perceptions on price and value and food quality offered at the cafeteria.
To investigate acceptance level of food quality in terms of the appearance, taste and freshness

of the food at universitys cafeteria.

To identify the relationships between price and value and food quality towards students
satisfaction.

Abstract
The objectives will analyze the relationship between the food quality, price fairness and staff
performance with students satisfaction in Istanbul Kemerburgaz Universtys cafeterias. We will arrive
aim of the study with a survey and with survey we compare Hokkabaz Cafeteria and Paradise
Cafeteria.
Sample Articles
1. Students protest at high food prices in canteen

Students are protesting against the high food prices in their cafeteria, which they say are
adding to student poverty. The student union at Middlesex University has launched a "food
revolution" to campaign for lower prices, and more variety, in their bar and canteen.The
student union handed out free sandwiches at lunchtime today and yesterday, to encourage
students not to use the canteen.They hope this boycott will force the caterers to think again
about the prices they charge.Union president, Manoj Iyer, 30, claims that the external
company which provides their catering compares its prices to those at Marks and Spencer, not
to other student outlets.He says that the canteen charges 99p for a can of Coke, while many
other shops charge 60p.Mr Iyer, who is in his second year as president, also argues that the
canteen charges up to 7 for a meal of chicken and chips with salad and a drink.This, he
argues, is unaffordable for most students.The president said: Most students cannot afford to

eat on campus. I have even heard some of the staff say that they cannot afford it.Students are
already being hit hard by the increase in fees and this will just add to their poverty.They just
cannot afford the prices that the canteen is charging.As a result, the union has launched a
petition calling for prices to be reduced and has so far received more than 400 signatures.It is
also encouraging students to boycott the canteen by bringing their own lunches.Mahdi Abuka,
20, a television production student, said: The prices are really high in the canteen. We are
students, so we dont have that much money to spend.I go and buy food elsewhere, because
it is too expensive on campus.I only buy food here when I have to.Pro Vice-Chancellor
Warren Forsyth, from Middlesex University's estates and facilities management service, said:
"We meet with the Students Union regularly and acted on recent feedback by introducing a
greater choice of offers and a new lower price range of sandwiches starting at 1.This was
implemented immediately after calls for cheaper options."We're aware that the cost of food is
important to students, so regularly compare prices at our campus bars and catering facilities
with other London universities and similar local establishments to ensure prices are
competitive and fair."Student satisfaction is a core priority and we continue to keep the
dialogue open with our students, including acting on feedback from a university-wide survey
into our catering, which launched in March and comes to a close at the end of April."
2. A Structural Approach on Students Satisfaction Level with University Cafeteria
http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/viewFile/39703/21986

SURVEY QUESTIONS
1)Are you female of male ?
A)male

B) female

2)What is you age ?

A)17 or younger

B)18-19

C)20-21

3)What is you department ?

A) Administrative Sciences (Economics, etc.)
B) Engineering Sciences
C) Behavioral Sciences (Physiology, Sociology, etc.)
D) Medical Sciences
E) Art Sciences

4)What year of University are you in ?

A) English Preparatory School
B)First
C)Second
D)Third
E)Fourth

5)Where do you live?

A)Parent House

B)Dormitory C)Student House

D) 22-23

D)24-older

6) What is your parents monthly income ?

A) 1000 and below B)1000-3000 C)3000-5000 D)5000-10000 E)10000 and above

7)What is your monthly income?

A) 500 and below B) 500-1000 C) 1000-1500 D) 1500-2000 E) 2000 and above

8)What is your parents jobs level ?

A) Unskilled worker B)retired C)civil servant D) skilled worker E)owner of company

9) Overall, do you satisfied cafeteria in school?

A) Very pleased B) Pleased C) Undecided D) Not pleased E) Not at all pleased

Please evaluate importance table 1 to 3 (1:unimportant 2:important 3:very important)

Hokkab

10
the menu
11
12
13
14
15
16

17
18

19

selection and harmony of

presentation of the foods
flavor of the foods
temperature of the food
service quality of the
employee
portion of the food
implementation of the
cleaning and hygiene
rules
arrangement and tidy of
the service hall
approach of the
responsible to the
problems
cafeteria foods price

Paradise

Please evaluate performance table 1 to 5 (1:very bad 2:bad 3:neither good nor bad
4:good 5:very good)
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

selection and harmony of the menu

presentation of the foods
flavor of the foods
temperature of the food
service quality of the employee
portion of the food
implementation of the cleaning and

hygiene rules
27 arrangement and tidy of the service hall
28 approach of the responsible to the
problems
29 cafeteria foods price

Hokkabaz

Paradise

Methodology
This survey consists of 30 questions and I collected the data from university students. This
survey has been created by 6 students.In the last 10 question survey was presented as a
comparative. All of the questionnaires are filled by the respondents.
We will explanation these parts,

Descriptive Statistics
Hypothesis Test: One Population
Hypothesis Test: Two Population
Two Variable Regression Analysis
Multiple Variable Regression Analysis

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS:

Table 1 shows descriptive statistics of the variables.

HYPOTHESIS TEST ONE-POPULATION

Satisfied university cafeteria foods value is equal to 3,1700 and its standard deviation
is equal to 1,2317. High standard deviation value shows that uni. Cafeteria foods
volatility is higher.

We tested if Satisfied university cafeteria foods is equal to mean value (Selection 3

Undecided ) (One Population Hypothesis Test) at 5% significance level.

t stat
Second table shows one population hypothesis test.

value is equal to 1,381 and

t stat t table
its p-value is equal to ,171. P-value is higher than 0,05, and this shows that
Therefore, I accept the hypothesis that university cafeteria foods value is equal to 3.

Hypothesis Test: Two Population

We tested if university cafeteria foods of male and female are equal (Two Population
Hypothesis Test) at 5% significance level.
H 0 : 1 2
H a : 1 2

Where

is satisfied student for male, and

is satisfied student for female. Average

number of satisfied student of male is equal to 1,3169, and female is equal to 1,1328. It seems
that these numbers are different, but we need to check equality with two population
hypothesis test at 5% significance level.

t stat
Table 5 shows

values for two assumptions: Equal variances assumed (

unequal variances assumed (

12 22

12 22

), and

). Equal variances are same which is 1,221. p-values are

t stat t table
higher than 0,05, and this shows that

. Therefore, I accept the hypothesis that

Satisfied student of male and female are equal.

TWO VARABLE REGRESSON ANALYSS:

We tested if gender is a significant factor for satisfied student with the following regression.

yi 0 1 x1i ui
yi
Where

xi
is satisfied (our dependent sample),

is gender, ,

is constant parameter,

is

ui
slope parameter, and
5% significance level.

is error term. I checked the significance of the gender variable with

Table 6 shows R2 fit, Table 7 shows ANOVA (significance of the regression), and Table 8
shows statistics of the coefficients. Model fit value is close to 0 (R 2 value is 0,29), F test value
is equal to 1,491, and its p-value is equal to 0,225. Since p-value is higher than 0,05, this
indicates that this regression is an insignificant for satisfied student. In table 7, p-value
for the slope coefficient for the gender is equal to 0,225 (same as f test), and this finding
shows that gender is an insignificant factor for facebook visit.

MULTPLE VARABLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS:

We tested regression analysis either price1 (Hokkabaz Cafeterias price) or price2 (Paradise
Cafeteria price) with gender factor.
Firstly, We tested if gender, price 1 (Hokkabazs price) are significant factor for satisfied
student. I used the following regression analysis with 5% significance level.

yi 0 1 x1i 2 x2i ui
yi
Where
parameter,

x1i
is satisfied,

1

x2 i
is gender,

is price1(Hokkabaz Cafeterias price),

, is slope parameter, and

is constant

ui
is error term.

First table shows R2 fit, Second Table shows ANOVA (significance of the regression), and
Table 11 shows statistics of the coefficients. Model fit value is close to average (R 2 value is
0,34), F test value is equal to 1,699, and its p-value is equal to 0.188. Since p-value is
higher than 0,05, this indicates that this regression is an insignificant for satisfied
student. In third table, all of the p-values for slope coefficients are higher than 0,05, and
this finding shows that gender and price1 are insignificant factors for satisfied student .

Model

R Square

,184a

Adjusted R

Std. Error of the

Square

Estimate

,034

,014

1,22276

a. Predictors: (Constant), Gender, Price1

ANOVAa
Model

Sum of Squares
Regression

Df

Mean Square

5,080

2,540

Residual

145,030

97

1,495

Total

150,110

99

Sig.

1,699

,188b

a. Dependent Variable: satisfied

b. Predictors: (Constant), Gender, Price1

Coefficientsa
Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Sig.

Coefficients
B

Std. Error

Beta

(Constant)

3,364

,304

Price1

-,135

,098

Gender

,262

,246

11,059

,000

-,138

-1,376

,172

,107

1,066

,289

a. Dependent Variable: satisfied

Secondly we tested if gender, price 2 (Paradise Cafeterias price) are significant factor for
satisfied student. I used the following regression analysis with 5% significance level.

yi 0 1 x1i 2 x2i ui
yi
Where
parameter,

x1i
is satisfied,

1

x2 i
is gender,

is price2(Paradise Cafeterias price),

, is slope parameter, and

is constant

ui
is error term.

First table shows R2 fit, Second Table shows ANOVA (significance of the regression), and
Table 11 shows statistics of the coefficients. Model fit value is close to average (R2 value is
0,156), F test value is equal to 8,967 and its p-value is equal to 0. Since p-value is lower
than 0,05, this indicates that this regression is an significant for satisfied student. In

third table, price2 of the p-value for slope coefficients are lower than 0,05, and this
finding shows that price2 are significant factors for satisfied student .

Model Summary
Model

,395a

R Square

Adjusted R

Std. Error of the

Square

Estimate

,156

,139

1,14283

a. Predictors: (Constant), Price2, Gender

ANOVAa
Model

Sum of Squares
Regression

df

Mean Square

23,422

11,711

Residual

126,688

97

1,306

Total

150,110

99

Sig.

8,967

,000b

a. Dependent Variable: satisfied

b. Predictors: (Constant), Price2, Gender

Coefficientsa
Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Sig.

Coefficients
B
(Constant)
1

Std. Error
3,885

,269

Gender

,177

,231

Price2

-,383

,095

Beta
14,449

,000

,072

,770

,443

-,379

-4,026

,000

a. Dependent Variable: satisfied

RESULTS
All students generally use cafeterias because students do not have the options to eat or drink
something because our universtiy location is very far from central. .Also, most of students
satisfied the cafeterias performances.
In this term project, We tested the following hypotheses:

1. Satisfied is equal to mean value (Selection 3 Undecided) (One Population

Hypothesis Test)

H0 : 3
Ha : 3

Where

is satisfied student for population.

Result is satisfied mean value is above to average.

2.

Satisfied student of male and female are equal (TwoPopulation Hypothesis Test)

H 0 : 1 2
H a : 1 2

Where

is Satisfied student for men, and

is Satisfied student for women.

Result is there is no difference between male and female for satisfied.

3. Gender is a significant factor for facebook visit ( Two Regression Analysis)

yi 0 1 x1i ui
yi
Where

xi
is facebook visit,

is gender,

is constant parameter,

is slope parameter, and

ui
is error term.
Result is gender is insignificant factor for satisfied.

4. Firstly, gender, price1 are significant factor for satisfied (Multiple Regression
Analysis)

y i 0 1 x1i 2 x 2i u i
yi
Where

x1 i

x2 i

is facebook visit,
is gender,
is price1(Hokkabazs price)
ui
1 2
parameter, ,
are slope parameters, and
is error term.

0
is constant

Secondly, Gender, price2 are significant factor for satisfied. (Multiple Regression
Analysis)

y i 0 1 x1i 2 x 2i u i
yi
Where

x1i

x2 i

is facebook visit,
is gender,
is price2 (Paradises price),
ui
1 2
parameter, ,
, are slope parameters, and
is error term.

0
is constant

Result is Hokkabazs price is insignificant factor for satisfied but Paradise price is significant
factor for satisfied.

REFERENCES

http://www.timesseries.co.uk/news/9659729.Students_protest_at_high_food_prices_in_canteen/,

http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/viewFile/39703/21986