Waste Water Systems

Szikra Csaba
Department of Building Energetics and
Services

Waste Water System

Equipments

Driving force is the gravity:

Water
Supply
System

Tap

Importance of the slop of the

sewage pipe system:

Elements

No slope no driving force

high slop, no self cleaning effect

Border of the
pressurized syetem
Equipment

Slop range: 0.7 2%

The sewage water sped in the pipe
network depending on the slope of
the pipe itselvs
Trap

Consumption:

The place of the consumption is the

equipment

Objective of the equipments:

Regulation of the consumption

Storing of the water under use
Driving the used water into the sewage
water system

Wast Water
System

Quality requirements of an Equipments

Economical, adjustable consumption

Fulfillment hygienic requirement
Clean-ability
Architecturality
Defending of the abnormal reversed
gas flow

Waste Water Systems

Waste Water System

Equipments

Trap
Principles:

In the sewage system the chemical

reaction produces gases (like
Methane)
In the trap a water piston blocks the
reversed flowing sewage gas, avoiding
penetration to the residential area
The water piston is keep on changing
by the new consumption

Disadvantages:

If vacuum occurs in the pipe network,

the water piston could leave the trap
In this case the smelly gases could
leave the pipe network penetrating to
the residential area
How to avoid: precise design and
installation (application of air pipe)

Construction:

S shaped tube
Hand wash trap
Equipment with inbuilt trap (Toilet, Floor
sink etc.)

Waste Water System

Equipments

Floor sink
Cast iron drainage grate (old fashion
type)

Generally for rooms where escaped

water arises (shower, industrial kitchen,
etc.)
Main problem is the solution of an
adequate joint with the building
construction (water proofing)

Suez type trap

Floor sink with inbuilt trap

Connection for one or two additional
equipment connection (hand wash or
shower)

Modern floor sinks:

Floor sink with inbuilt trap

Connection for additional
equipment(s)
Horizontal or vertical outlet connection
Inbuilt check valve (against back flush )
DN40, DN50 inlet size
Adjustable stainless steel cover
(elevation range 12 90mm)
Minium space demand 12cm
Equipped with water proofing flange

Waste Water System

Equipments

Kitchen
Sink:

mixing tap for cold and hot

water
auxiliary vent (2 pieces)
DN50 sewage pipe connection
Construction

single double triple basins

with or without drip plate
Cast Iron, Ceramic, drawn-shell
case steel sheet with enamel
covering, Stainless steel

Wall mounted basin:

single tap wit cold and hot

water
auxiliary vent (2 pieces)
DN50 sewage pipe connection
Construction:

Cast Iron, Ceramic, drawn-shell

case steel sheet with enamel
covering, Stainless steel
threaded connection for
flexible pipe
equipped with air inlet valve

Trap for washing and washingup machine

auxiliary vent
DN40 sewage pipe connection
Equipped with air inlet valve

Waste Water System

Equipments

Bathroom
Bath and shower:

mixing tap for cold and hot

water
auxiliary vent (2 pieces)
DN50 sewage pipe connection
Construction:

Cast Iron, Ceramic, drawn-shell

case steel sheet with enamel
covering, Stainless steel
With inbuilt trap or connection
to the floor sink
Inbuilt

Hand wash

mixing tap for cold and hot

water
auxiliary vent (2 pieces)
DN40 sewage pipe connection
Construction:

Porcelain
Inbuilt

Waste Water System

Equipments

Lavatory
Toilet:

Types:

Connections:

Horizontal or vertical outlet

Hi-flush or low-flush .
Overhanging or standing
Flush tank: inbuilt, wall mounted,
DN100 sewage pipe.
3/8 cold water.

Construction:

Porcelain.

Bidet:

Connections:

DN40 sewage pipe.

1/2 cold and hot water with mixing tap

Pissuire:

Connections:

600

DN40 sewage pipe.

1/2 cold water, with manual and controlled
valve

Waste Water System

Equipments

Lavatory for disabled people

Without helping
personnel

155

Adjustable of
the elevation
for hand wash
and toilet
Equipped with
handhold.

80

80

65

With helping
personnel

95

85

85

85

85

135

135

135

80

120

Sewage Pipe Network

Parts of the inner pipe network:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Equipments
Trap
Branch pipe
Down pipe
Inner main sewer
Outer main sewer
Anti-siphonage pipe
Outer rain down pipe
Standing rain water
pipe
10. Gully roof
11. Inner rain down pipe
12. Inner main rainwater
pipe
13. Cleaning piece
14. Check-valve (against
flush back)
15. Roof-cullis
16. Outer main rainwater
pipe
17. Access chamber
18. Combined outer main
sewer
19. Public sewage
chamber

Sewage Pipe Network

Combined public sewage network

When the building is out of
the premise border

Inside the sewage and the
rain pipe network run
separately

Outside around the
building in every turning
points there are access
chambers

At the border of the
premise there is a last
access chamber in which
the two separated pipe
network are combined

For the equipment where
the elevation is below the
elevation of the public
sewage chamber,
separate collective
chamber and sewage
pump could be applied
When the building is at the
premise border

Inside the sewage and the
rain pipe network run
separately

Before the sewage and
the rain pipe network
leave the building it should
be combined

Sewage Pipe Network

Separated public sewage network

Inside the sewage and the

rain pipe network run
separately
Outside around the
building in every turning
points there are access
chambers
At the border of the
premise there are a last
access chamber
separately for the rain
water and for the sewage
water system
The rain water domestic
network is connected to
the public rain water
network
The domestic sewage
water system is connected
to the public sewage
water system
It is bent to drive any rain
water to the sewage
system

Sewage Pipe Network

Pipe network for widely sloping property

If the slop of the pipe

network bigger than
5%, the sewage
speed too high
The self leaning
effect is low
There is an access
chamber at the
border
We connect the
main network with
dropping chambers
The maximum slop of
the piping is 2%

Sewage Pipe Network

Systems for high elevation buildings

In the horizontal section

the sewage water runs in
high speed

At the bend of the

horizontal section high
force could occur

The water piston could

suck the trips

A separate anti-siphonage
pipe should be applied

The anti-siphonage pipe is

connected to the down
pipe in every levels

Sewage Pipe Network

Function of the anti-siphonage pipe

When the branch pipe turns

to the main down pipe,
because of the fitting
shape, water piston could
be generated.

As the water piston runs

downwards vacuum
generated.

The vacuums could suck

the water from the trap

The sewage gases could

penetrate to the residential
area

Trough the anti-siphonage

pipe the vacuum
development could be
avoided

Sewage Pipe Network

Pipe material:

Outside of the building

Reinforced concrete pipe

Types:

Connections, fittings:

Reinforced concrete pipe with, socket

connections, DN100..DN500
Circular and egg shaped cross sections with
grooved connections
Access chambers
Light bend
Special fittings

Sealing : cement-mortar

PVC Plastic pipes with socket connection

Types:

Connections:

KG s KG super types
Fittings with socket
Access chamber with socket connection
Drilling seats

Sealing:

plastic O ring

Sewage Pipe Network

Pipe material:

Inside of the building

PVC and PP plastic pipe, with
socket connections (PVC KA,PVC
KG, PP):

Types

Connection

Fittings with sockets

Adhesive connection

O ring

PVC KG (orange color, better

mechanical properties)
PVC KA (gray)

Sealing:

PE plastic pipe:

Connections:

Welded
Electro fitting
Socket, long socket
Union
Flange

Advantages

Better mechanical properties

Environment frendly

Sewage Pipe Network

Rain water system

Sizing principle:
Design rain intensity: 10 minute
shower density (BP: 274l/s,ha)
q[l/s]=A[m2]274/10 000
Traditional system:

For each gully roof has its own down

rain pipes

Special sucking system:

special type of gully roof which

generates sucking force

Better efficiency of down flow

smaller diameter

bigger covering area

Sewage treatment

mechanical sewage treatment

Button trap:
The sand is heavier than the
sewage so it settles to the
bottom of the treatment
equipment
The purified sewage leaves at the
water level

Grease trap:
The lighter parts flooding at the top
of the water

Sewage pipe systems

Assembling manners
1/2"
NA100

1/2"-1/2"
NA50

Recessing the brick wall

1/2"-1/2"
NA40

NA50
NA50

1/2"
NA40

Sewage pipe systems

Assembling manners

Subsequent plastering wall

20

Assembling shaft

Sewage pipe systems

Assembling manners
10

Assembling front of the wall

Floorplan, scale 1:50

O22x1
Cu

Execution plan:
O50x1,8
PVC KA
NA20

5
to grand flr.

O15x1
Cu

O22x1
Cu

O50x1,8
PVC KA

GARDR.
HL 301

O18x1
Cu
O15x1
Cu

O18x1
Cu

HL 440

O18x1
Cu

O50x1,8
PVC KA

O22x1
Cu

to grand flr

O50x1,8
PVC KA

from grand flr.

Execution plan:

Section scheme. scale:1:50

0,00=113,45 Elevatin above BalticSee

above the roof

above the roof

+2,95 roof
O50x1,8
PVC KA

O50x1,8
PVC KA
O15x1
Cu
O15x1
Cu

O110x3
PVC KG

O22x1
Cu

O110x3
PVC KG
O18x1
Cu

O15x1
Cu

O18x1
Cu

O18x1
Cu

O15x1
Cu

O22x1
Cu

O15x1
Cu

NA15 WILO Z 15 C NA15

HL-440
DN15

DN20
DN15

DN20

DN20

0,00 grand floor

O22x1
Cu

HL 301

O50x1,8
PVC KA

B
O50x1,8 O50x1,8
PVC KA PVC KA

C
O110x2,2
O110x3 PVC KA
PVC KG

O110x3
PVC KG

O125x3
PVC KG

O50x1,8
PVC KA
O40x3,7 KPE
-1,30

O125x3
PVC KG

ff. -0,90
112,55
DN150 protecting tube

to access chamber

ff. -0,90
112,55

to access chamber

DN200 protecting tube

Circulating Pipe

legend

Sewgage conduit
Slop, for water network: 0,3%; for sewage conduit: 1%

Cold Water
Hot Water

1 ... 5

Risers