1.

1Introduction
FPGA based motor drive system is very good substitute for motor control system.
Since in modern world, where cost has become a very big problem and in the era of
miniaturization it become a very crucial necessity to avoid the wastage of space and money.
In design of motor control system we can reduce the complexity of circuit. This fpga based
motor drive system enables us to control the motor more efficiently. Here any number of
stepper motors can be used as per requirement. This idea is developed using spartran3A/3AN
starter kit. Here program is written in Verilog hardware description language (VHDL).
Stepper motor is a digital electromechanical motor which works on the digital input pulses.
The advancement in the stepper motor controller is in great demand that is equipped with rich
functionality physical size which is more suitable to embed into different system. Due to this
advancement such as Simple Programmable Logic Device (SPLD), Complex Programmable
Logic Device (CPLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and System on
Programmable Chip (SOPC) with wide-spreading demand for researcher to develop stepper
motor control. The important criteria of stepper motor is precise positioning, besides precise
positioning, stepper motor can also be designed with time constraints, in application which
require the controlled object to be positioned at a particular location at a particular instance of
time. Stepper motors are widely used in various applications.
They can be found in printers, disk drives, X-Y plotters, wedges and jaws in medical
accelerators and automobile industry and many others which are required to move controlled
objects to accurate positions within nominated time. The most important criteria for stepper
motor are the speed and position control depending upon the certain application. Since the
frequency of the digital input pulses control the speed of stepper motor, the motor can be
rotated at a rated speed matching the requirement of the user.
The important features of stepper motor includes it is digital electromechanical motor and
hence can be easily interfaced with the electronic circuits which added the advantage of noise
tolerance and accuracy to measure. Figure 1 shows the basic block diagram for stepper motor
control. It consists of the controller, driver and stepper motor.
The controller consist of two most important control i.e. position and speed. They can be
categorized base on the velocity profiles, S-curve, linear, and parabolic profiles. For high
precision positioning situation, the velocity profile provided by the controller is needed to
move controlled object thus to reduce the effect of moment of inertia

1.2

Block Diagram

Fig 1. Block Diagram

FPGA
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are semiconductor devices that are based around a
matrix of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) connected via programmable interconnects.
FPGAs can be reprogrammed to desired application or functionality requirements after
manufacturing. This feature distinguishes FPGAs from Application Specific Integrated
Circuits (ASICs), which are custom manufactured for specific design tasks. Although onetime programmable (OTP) FPGAs are available, the dominant types are SRAM based which
can be reprogrammed as the design evolves
MCT2E
The MCT2E, MCT2 are optically coupled isolators consisting of a Gallium Arsenide infrared
emitting diode and an NPN silicon phototransistor mounted in a standard 6-pin dual-in-line
package. Surface Mount Option Available.
ULN2003A
When pulses

are sent from fpga to stepper motor ,the pins at which

pulses are going will not have enough current level to drive the motor and
hence level of current must be increased and therefore we use ULN2003A
to amplify current level. This has Darlington pair which increases current
levels

Stepper Motor

A stepper motor (or step motor) is a brushless DC electric motor that divides a full
rotation into a number of equal steps. The motor's position can then be commanded to move
and hold at one of these steps without any feedback sensor (an open-loop controller), as long
as the motor is carefully sized to the application.