Professional Documents
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MITOS Y REALIDADES
Presentation Overview
1.Introduction to UEPG
2. EU Aggregates Production & Recycling Data
Introduction to UEPG
UEPG created in 1987
Brussels Office since 2003
Now 31 Member Countries
UEPG Secretariat
Secretary General:
Antony Fell
Public Affairs
Manager:
Dirk Fincke
Public Affairs Officer:
Sandrine Devos
Public Affairs Officer:
Miette Dechelle
Very dynamic, active
& effective Team!
Presentation Overview
1. Introduction to UEPG
2.EU Aggregates Production & Recycling Data
EU Geology
Geology varies
widely across EU
Determines quality
& aggregate types
Some countries well
endowed with hard
rock sources (eg
Norway, Finland)
Others with scarcity
even of sand &
gravel (eg Poland,
Hungary)
S
O
Z
N
Z
yp
N ru
or s
w
Fi ay
nl
A and
us
S tri
w a
ed
Ir en
e
D la
en nd
m
a
N Be rk
et l g
h iu
er m
l
G an
er d s
m
G any
re
e
C c
C ro e
z a
S ech ti a
w
i t Re
ze p
rl
a
Fr nd
an
ce
H Ita
un ly
S ga
lo ry
va
P kia
ol
an
S d
P pai
or n
tu
Tu g a
l
B rke
ul y
g
ar
ia
U
S K
e
R rb
om ia
an
ia
Aggregates Tonnes/Capita
Tonnes/capita 2009
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
-10%
-20%
B UK
el
gi
u
Fi m
nl
an
P d
ol
an
Tu d
rk
Fr ey
a
G nc
er e
m
an
N Cy y
et
he pru
rl s
an
d
S s
er
b
A ia
C us
ze tr
ch ia
D Re
en p
m
ar
k
I
S tal
lo y
va
H kia
un
ga
r
S y
pa
G in
re
P e ce
or
tu
B ga
ul l
ga
r
Ir ia
el
R an
om d
an
C ia
ro
at
ia
N
or
w
S ay
S we
w
it z de
er n
la
nd
0%
-30%
-40%
-50%
Tonnes/Capita v GDP/capita
16.0
14.0
Tonnes/capita
Aggregates
usage
continues to
grow as the
economy
grows
Growth
needs
aggregates!
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
Colombia
0.0
0
20
40
000 GDP/capita
60
80
(Asphalt recycling
considered separately)
Excavated materials
By-products of
natural stone, slate
processes (both are
natural aggregates)
Aggregates produced
from other industrial
processes, like slag,
etc (manufactured
aggregates)
Europe
US
Japan
Construction
and Demolition
Waste (C&DW)
510
317
77
Municipal
Waste
241
228
53
B UK
N el
et gi
h um
er
la
G nd
er s
m
an
S Po y
w la
it n
ze d
rl
an
F d
ra
n
A ce
us
R tr
om ia
an
N ia
or
w
F ay
in
l
S an
lo d
va
S kia
w
ed
en
0%
EU Recycled Aggregates %
Recycled Aggs as % National Demand
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
B UK
N el
et g
h iu
er m
la
G nd
er s
m
an
S Po y
w la
it n
ze d
rl
an
F d
ra
n
A ce
us
R tr
om ia
a
N ni a
or
w
F ay
in
l
S an
lo d
va
S ki
w a
ed
en
0%
Presentation Overview
1. Introduction to UEPG
2. EU Aggregates Production & Recycling Data
business opportunity!
www.uepg.eu
www.fir-recycling.com
Presentation Overview
1. Introduction to UEPG
2. EU Aggregates Production & Recycling Data
Recycling
success
depends
on state
of the
economy!
Experiences learnt:
Need jaw/impact crusher
Hammer for items >0.6m
Strong mobile plant tyres
Strong conveyor belts
Finnish Applications
Focused on utilisation in
road construction base &
sub-base layers
Design & utlisation
guidelines published by
road authorities
Quality management
system published as
national standard
Environmental quality
tested by leaching (Cd,
Cr, Cu, Pb, SO4)
Swiss Experiences
Big focus on selective demolition....
Swiss Experiences
Followed by careful sorting of waste streams....
Swiss Experiences
Removal of steel, metals, plastics, etc....
Swiss Experiences
Often with grading and blending on site....
Dutch Experiences
Starts with selective demolition, separating out and
selling the separate streams....
Several
of these
streams
may be
quite
valuable
(cables,
plastics,
steel)!
Dutch Experiences
Must remove all hazardous and contaminating
materials (like asbestos, halons, gypsum, etc....)
Dutch Experiences
By-Products (mainly
from demolition site)
may also include:
Wood
Plastics
Metals
Glass
Plasterboard (gypsum)
These also other sources
of income!
Dutch Applications
May be used as RoadBase Material (then to
EN 13242), as
Dutch Applications
Also for
drains,
dykes,
riverbanks,
fillers,
banks,
lightweight foundations
50
Dutch Applications
Products also are
aggregates for
concrete, mortars
Must then comply
with harmonised
standard EN 12620
Includes testing for
Geometric Properties
Mechanical & Physical
Properties
Thermal & Weathering
Properties
Chemical Properties
Dutch Applications
In concrete, may have
up to 100% replacement
of primary materials,
including fines!
Up to 50% RA without
redesign of mixture
Up to 20% of RA without
notification
Up to C35/45 (EN206-1)
strengths to 65 N/mm2
Accepted in market as
premium products!
Presentation Overview
1.Introduction to UEPG
2. EU Aggregates Production & Recycling Data
Useful References - 1
Some very useful publications
are free downloads...
www.concretecentre.com
www.sustainableconcrete.org.uk
www.wbcsdcement.org/recycling
Useful References - 2
Important technical guide
now being finalised by
New Zealand Cement &
Concrete Association
Compares technical
aspects across many
countries (UK, US, OZ,
Germany, Portugal, HK)
Therefore will be a very
useful technical reference
for the recycling industry
CCANZ/BRANZ/AQA
www.ccanz.org.nz
Recovered Aggregates
Recovered
aggregates (1-3% of
demand) from truck
wash-out can perform
as well as natural
aggregates
However re-use leftover sludge and
wash-water may
require testing for
alkalis, sulphates and
chlorides
NZ summary of Restrictions on RA
QUALITY PROTOCOL
End of waste criteria for the
production of aggregates from
inert waste
Contents
Section1: Introduction
Section 2: Producing aggregates
from inert waste
Section 3: Providing evidence of
compliance with the Quality
Protocol
Section 4: Application and use of
recycled aggregates
Appendix A - Definitions
Appendix B - Product standard, specification and
related testing procedures to which this Quality
Protocol applies
Appendix C - Wastes considered to be inert waste for
the purposes of this document
Appendix D - Good practice applicable to the
transport, storage and handling of recycled aggregates
Rationale
Reality
Yes it can!
Yes it can!
Yes it is!
Recycling will reduce greenhouse gases Maybe, maybe not (see next slide)
and the Carbon footprint
Recycling into low-grade aggregate is
environmentally the best solution
Carbon Balance
The UK MPA has
done a detailed
study on the Carbon
footprint of RA
versus natural
aggregates
It concluded that if
the transport
distance for RA is
>15km, there will
be a negative
Carbon impact
Euro/tonne
10
3
13
-1
-5
-6
-1
6
100
46
8
46
Presentation Overview
1. Introduction to UEPG
2. EU Aggregates Production & Recycling Data
3. EU Driving Forces on Recycling
(http://www.ibec.or.jp/CASBEE/english/
overviewE.htm)
NZ Greenstar (www.nzbgc.org.nz)
Austalian Green Star
(www.gbca.org.au)
Final Comments - 1
C&D recycling is a good business opportunity!
The technology is basically fairly simple
However the bigger challenges are in:
Final Comments -2
Government promotion can stimulate recycling
It can set precedence for a certain % of recycled
materials in public projects through adopting a
points scheme that will favour project bidders
Landfill tax creates a financial incentive for recyclers
Authorities, industry and standard-makers need to
develop and agree standards for recycled materials,
and these standards need to be enforced
Need a fair/easy permitting regime for recyclers
Public needs to be educated that recycling is good