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Task 1.

0 : Reading and Analyzing Different Text Type


1.1 Definition of Conjunctions
Conjunctions is the art of joining together or combination or union. Conjunction is use to join any
words or group of words and other than a relative pronoun. It also help to connect words,
phrases or clauses. There are three kind of Conjunction that is coordinating conjunction, and
subordinating conjunction.
1.1.1

Coordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating Conjunctions use to connect words, phrases and clauses by using conjunction.
Examples of Coordinating Conjunctions are:-

1.1.2

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

for

and

nor

but

or

yet

Subordinating Conjunction

A subordinating conjunction use to join a subordinating clause to a main clause. The following is
a list of the most common subordinating conjunctions.

after
although
as
as if
as long as
as much as
as long as
because
before
how
if
in as much
in order that
lest
now that
that

even
even though
once
than
where
until
wherever
where
provided that
why
whoever
which
whatever
now that
now when
just as

1.1.3

since
so that
than
whenever
while

though
till
unless
until
when

Correlative Conjunctions

As suggested by their name, correlative conjunctions correlate, working in pairs to join phrases
or words that carry equal importance within a sentence. Like many of the most interesting parts
of speech, correlative conjunctions are fun to use. At the same time, there are some important
rules to remember for using them correctly. There are some examples of this kind of
conjunctions:both / and
either / or
such / that
no sooner / then

1.2

not only / but also


whether / or
scarcely / when
rather / then

neither / nor
as / as
as many / as

Definition of Prepositions

A preposition is a word which precedes a noun or a pronoun to show the nouns or the
pronouns relationship to another word in the sentence. There are two important kind proposition
that is proposition time and proposition place.
1.2.1

Examples of Prepositions for Time

Prepositions for Time

Use of

Example

1. on

days of the week

on Monday

2.

months / seasons

in August / in winter

time of day

in the morning

in

year

in 2006

after a certain period


of time (when?)

in an hour

for night

at night

for weekend

at the weekend

a certain point of
time (when?)

at half past nine

4. since

from a certain point of


time (past till now)

since 1980

5. for

over a certain period


of time (past till now)

for 2 years

6. ago

a certain time in the


past

2 years ago

7. before

earlier than a certain


point of time

before 2004

8. to

telling the time

ten to six (5:50)

9. past

telling the time

ten past six (6:10)

10. to / till / until

marking the beginning


and end of a period of
time

from Monday to/till


Friday

11. till / until

in the sense of how


long something is
going to last

He is on holiday
until Friday.

12. by

in the sense of at the


latest
up to a certain time

I will be back by 6
oclock.
By 11 o'clock, I had
read five pages.

3. at

1.2.2

Examples of Prepositions for Place

Prepositions for Place


1. In

2. at

Usage

Example
in the kitchen, in London

room, building, street, town,


country
book, paper etc.

car, taxi

in the picture, in the world

picture, world

meaning next
object
for table

to,

by

an

in the book
in the car, in a taxi

at the door, at the station


at the table
at a concert, at the party

3. on

for events

place where you are to do


something typical (watch a
film, study, work)

attached

the picture on the wall

for a place with a river

being on a surface

for a certain side (left, right)

London lies
Thames.
on the table

for a floor in a house

on the left

for public transport

on the first floor

for television, radio

on the bus, on a plane

at the cinema, at school,


at work

on

the

on TV, on the radio


4. by, next to, beside

left or right of somebody or


something

Jane is standing by / next


to / beside the car.

5. under

on the ground, lower than (or


covered by) something else

the bag is under the table

6. below

lower than something else


but above ground

the fish are below the


surface

7. over

covered by something else

put a jacket over your shirt

meaning more than

over 16 years of age

getting to the other side


(also across)
overcoming an obstacle

walk over the bridge

climb over the wall

8. above

higher than something else,


but not directly over it

a path above the lake

9. across

getting to the other side


(also over)
getting to the other side

walk across the bridge

swim across the lake

10. through

something with limits on top,


bottom and the sides

drive through the tunnel

11. to

go to the cinema

movement to person or
building
movement to a place or
country
for bed

12. into

enter a room / a building

go into the kitchen / the


house

13. towards

movement in the direction of


something (but not directly to

go 5 steps towards the


house

go to London / Ireland
go to bed

it)
14. onto
15. from
1.3 Definition Interjection

movement to the top of


something

jump onto the table

in the sense of where from

a flower from the garden

The dictionary defines interjection as an exclamation inserted into an utterance without


grammatical connection to it or any of a class of words used without meaning. An interjection is
essentially almost any word in English that you can insert into a sentence to convey emotions.
Examples:Absolutely
Eek
Bah humbug
Achoo
Eh
Behold
Ack
Gee
Bingo
Ahh
Geepers
Blah
Aha
Gee Whiz
Bless you
Ahem
Golly
Boo
Ahoy
Goodnes
Bravo
Agreed
Goodness Gracious
Cheers
Alas
Gosh
Crud
Alright
Ha
Darn
Alrighty
Hallelujah
Dang
Alrighty-roo
Hey
Doh
Alack
Hi
Drat
Amen
Hmm
Duh
Anytime
Huh
Please
Argh
Indeed
Rats
Anyhoo
Jeez
Shoot
Anyhow
My gosh
Shucks
As if
No
There
Attaboy
Now
Tut
Attagirl
Nah
Uggh
Awww
Oops
Waa
Awful
Ouch
What
Bam
Phew
Woah
Yay
Yes
Woops
Yikes
Wow
1.4 Three type of Conjunction, Preposition and interjection from Informal Letter

1.4.1 Conjunctions
Sentences that contain conjunctions

Conjunction
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Functions of Conjunction

s
for

I'm now preparing a few materials for the


meeting this weekend.

used to indicate the place


someone or something is
going to or toward.
used to indicate the person
or thing that something is
sent or given to.
used to indicate the thing
that something is meant to
be used with.

My students have all sent letters to their

and

To suggest that one idea is

foster children (including photos and small

chronologically sequential to

gifts), so hopefully we'll get some responses

another.

from Cebu by the end of the month!


My students have all sent letters to their

so

foster children (including photos and small

to such a great extent.


to a degree that is suggested
or stated.
to a great degree.
very or extremely.
without any doubt.

gifts), so hopefully we'll get some responses


from Cebu by the end of the month!

1.4.2 Prepositions
Sentences that contain Prepositions
Basically, I'll just introduce the Sadako's

Prepositions
with

Functions of Prepositions

School program with some general


information and some photos, then we can
share the highlights of our own experiences
My students have all sent letters to their

to
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in a direction toward so as

foster children (including photos and small

to reach.
used to indicate the place,

gifts), so hopefully we'll get some responses

person or thing that

from Cebu by the end of the month!

someone or something
moves toward.

used as a function word to


indicate purpose,
intention, tendency, result,
or end.
My students have all sent letters to their

by

foster children (including photos and small

close to or next to
(something or someone).
up to and beyond

gifts), so hopefully we'll get some responses

(something or someone).
at or to (someone's

from Cebu by the end of the month!

home).
identifying the agent
performing an action.

1.4.3 Interjection
Sentences that contain Interjection
Hi, Simon

Interjection
hi

Bye.

bye

Yes, I agree it can be a challenge to meet

good luck

the needs of a class with different levels.

with this!

Good luck with this!

Functions of Prepositions
used as a friendly greeting
or to attract attention.
Used to express farewell.

A type of happy.
It shows emotion.

3.5 Three type of Conjunction, Preposition and interjection from Academic Writing
(Story)
1.5.1 Conjunctions
Sentences that contain conjunctions
Millie though Azras dance was beautiful but

Conjunctions
but

she felt disappointed too.

Functions of Conjunctions
To suggest in an affirmative sense
what the first part of the sentence
implied in a negative way.
In general, but links elements
(clauses and phrases) which have
the same syntactic role.
The position of but as conjunction
is fixed to the clause boundary.

Perhaps her fairy dress and wings were

and

only for the ballet after all.

To suggest that one idea is


chronologically sequential to

Show the other girls and suggest that they

even

another.
"Even" can be combined with the

get tins of beads too. The game is called

words "though," "when" and "if." It

swapping beads, and thats what you do,

emphasizes that a result is

try to get good swaps to make your

unexpected. Study the following

collection even better.

examples and explanations to


learn how these expressions

Millie tried to ignore them and clapped the

as / as

dancers as hard as she could.

differ.
used to indicate that something
happens during the time when
something else is taking place.
used to indicate by comparison
the way that something happens
or is done.

1.5.2 Prepositions
Sentences that contain Prepositions
I have some smooth blue glass beads from

Prepositions
from
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Functions of Prepositions
indicating the point in space

a broken necklace, said Millies Mum.

at which a journey, motion, or


action starts.
used to indicate the starting
point of a physical movement
or action.
used to take something from
others.
used to indicate the place
where someone lives or was
born.

Everyone wanted to swap beads with Millie

for

because they were secretly hoping they

used to indicate the place


someone or something is

could swap for the twinkling silver bead.

going to or toward.
used to indicate the person or
thing that something is sent
or given to.
used to indicate the thing that
something is meant to be
used with.

I thought you were a real fairy in your

In

window, she said.

expressing the situation of


something that is or appears
to be enclosed or surrounded
by something else.
expressing a period of time
during which an event
happens or a situation

Millie turned away and went into her house

into

feeling sad.

remains the case.


expressing movement or
action with the result that
someone or something
becomes enclosed or
surrounded by something
else.
expressing movement or
action with the result that

someone or something
makes physical contact with
something else.

1.5.3 Interjection
Sentences that contain Interjection
Im getting left out now, she said.

Interjection
now

Hi Millie, Azra said.


Wow! said Millie.

Functions of Prepositions
at the present time or moment.
without further delay; immedi

hi

ately; at once.
used as a friendly greeting or

wow

to attract attention.
impress and excite (someone)
greatly.

1.6 Three type of Conjunction, Preposition and interjection from Academic Writing
(Comic)
1.6.1 Conjunctions
Sentences that contain conjunctions
Then inevitably, black Friday crept into

Conjunctions
then

travel Wednesday.

And for you to get back to work!

for

Functions of Prepositions
after that; next; afterwards.
next in order of place.
in that case; as a consequence; i
n those circumstances.
used to indicate the place
someone or something is going
to or toward.
used to indicate the person or
thing that something is sent or
given to.
used to indicate the thing that
something is meant to be used
with.

I gotta check out before this deal

before
10

during the period of time

expires!

preceding (a particular event or


time).

1.6.2 Prepositions
Sentences that contain

Prepositions

Prepositions
First daylight saving time was

until

extended until black friday.


Sorry, I meant to say Buy! Buy!

to

Functions of Prepositions
up to the time that or when; til.
in a direction toward so as to reach.
used to indicate the place, person or
thing that someone or something
moves toward.

used as a function word to indicate


purpose, intention, tendency, result, or
end.
Did you all hear the one about

about

on the subject of; concerning.


used to express location in a particular
place.
nearly; almost.

1.6.3 Interjection
Sentences that contain Interjection
Boo! Boo!

Interjection
boo!

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Functions of Prepositions
Use to bully someone.
Said suddenly to surprise.

someone who is unaware of


one's presence.
Quick! Pass the Wi-Fi password!

Hic! Todays bargains?

quick!

hey!

Used rapidly.
Suddenly shout for something.
Shoe expressions .
used to attract attention, to
express surprise, interest, or
annoyance

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