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pursuing and chasing the original set of goals of the research, which
enable the researcher to arrive at more objective conclusions, test
hypothesis, know the issues of causality firmly;
obtaining high degree of reliability of the data that have been gathered
due to the fact that different types of research manipulations can be
implemented, such as controlled observations, laboratory experiments and
mass surveys;
enabling the longitudinal measures of succeeding performance of
subjects of the research (Fryer 1991).
On the other hand, this study also employ qualitative research. According to
Morgan (1980) qualitative research shares the theoretical assumptions of the
interpretative paradigm that is based on the notion that the social reality is
created and maintained by the subjective experience of the people who are
involved in the relationship or communication. With this, it show that
qualitative research mainly centers on attempting to describe, decode and
interpret the different meanings of situations and cases in the normal social
context accurately (Fryer, 1991). Therefore, researchers are operating in the
framework of interpretative paradigm centers on the procedures of analyzing
the complexity, legitimacy, contextualization, shared subjectivity of the
researcher and the subject, at the same time, it can also help in order to
lessen the illusion (Fryer, 1991).
In line with these, the study can take advantage of the different benefits of
the qualitative research, which are:
obtaining a more sensible and practical feel of the world which cannot
be experienced and felt with the use of numerical data as well as statistical
analysis, used in quantitative research;
offer capability to connect and relate with the subject of the research
using their own language and terms; and
and findings from these organisations provide a general picture of the whole
industry. They similarly support and negate the findings of this research
study.
References
Finn, M., Elliot-White, M., and Walton, M. (2000). Tourism and Leisure
Research Methods: Data Collection, analysis and interpretation, Longman, UK.
Kumar, R. (2005). Research Methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners,
2nd edn, Sage, New York.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., and Thornhill, A. (2003). Research methods for
business students, 3rd edn, Prentice Hall, UK.
Sekaran, U. (1992). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-building Approach,
2nd edn, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Chapter Three. Methodology
3.1 The Method
The research operates within the cross-sectional design, as the researcher
collects data using questionnaires, structured observation, and document
analysis. The benefit of this shall enable the researcher to be able to focus on
the breath of the research. Exploratory research enables the study to look at
the problem in both descriptive and exploratory manner (Walliman & Baiche,
2001). This study uses the principal ways of conducting anexploratory
study including the literature search, experts interview about the subject
matter, observation and survey (Walliman & Baiche, 2001). It is planned that
the questionnaire has the 5-point Likert scale rankingquestions (Creswell,
1994). If possible, secondary data was used provided that it is applicable and
relevant for the present era. Sources in secondary research include past
reports, newspaper, magazine and journal content. Current findings on
journals and present information on books was used assecondary study. The
analysis was carried out which can be considered as qualitative in character.
3.2 Sampling
The research uses a mixture of random and cluster sampling. The subjects
graded each statement by means of the Likert-scale) regarding the economic
competitiveness of Local ICT Distributor in Malaysia. By employing the Likertscale, the study would have an idea on the significance of the gathered
responses. Moreover, it would provide a specific description of the answers
imparted by the respondents, which would simultaneously assist the
researcher to systematize appropriate finales and recommendations. From
the presentation, the investigator assembles data, collect published
researches and investigation from various foreign and local universities and
piece of writings from computer-related journals. The researcher also
considers handing out of sampling questionnaires, interview arrangement
and initiate content analysis for theverbal and documentary materials
collected. Subsequently, the researcher sums up all the details, build a
conclusion and offer perceptive suggestions on the dealing with the Economic
Competitiveness of E-TECH IT.
3.3 Study Subjects
The subjects of this research are experts and individuals linked and
knowledgeable about the Economic Competitiveness of E-TECH IT. Primarily, a
questionnaire with 8 to 10 questions was administered andsubjects filled it
out as per requested by the researcher. Idyllically, the subjects responded on
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In order to make the analysis of data easier, at the same time, in order to
make the survey questionnaire friendly to the respondents, the five-point
Likert scale was employed and use. This enables the respondents to express
the level of the agreement and disagreement to a specific statement given in
the questionnaire (Underwood, 2004). Therefore, with the use of this scale, it
is much easier for the researcher to analyze, describe and present the result
of the study.
STUDY
Instrument design
The Innovation in the Food Processing Industry Survey questionnaire was
initially developed by the Micro Economic Studies and Analysis Division and
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. The Small Business and Special Surveys
Division reviewed and revised the questionnaire with input from Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada based on feedback from questionnaire testing with
Statistics Canada's Questionnaire Design Resource Centre.
Chapter 3
Methods And Procedure
This chapter will discuss the method of research to be used, the respondents
of the study, the sampling technique, the instrument to be used, the
validation of the instrument, and the administration of the of the instrument.
Method of Research to be Used
The research described in this document is based solely
onqualitative research methods. This permits a flexible and iterative
approach. During data gathering the choice and design of methods are
constantly modified, based on ongoing analysis. This allows investigation of
important new issues and questions as they arise, and allows the
investigators to drop unproductive areas of research from the
original research plan.
This study will use the descriptive approach. This descriptive type
of research will utilize observations in the study. To illustrate the descriptive
type of research, Creswell will guide the researcher when he stated:
Descriptive method of research is to gather information about the present
existing condition. The purpose of employing this method is to describe
thenature of a situation, as it exists at the time of the study and to explore
the cause/s of particular phenomena.
This study basically wants to prove if the industry practices of
thepharmaceutical industry are ethical and legitimate. Specifically, the study
will describe how has the pharmaceutical industry defined the ethical
practices of their medical representatives; the gray areas in the ethical
practices of medical representatives in their relationship with the doctorsthey
deal with; the existing legislation that would check unethical practices in the
pharmaceutical industry; and the relationship of the identified gray areas the
medical representatives and the doctors they cover both ethical and
legitimate.
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The primary source of data will come from published articles fromsocial
science journals, theses and related studies on medical representation and
sale of pharmaceutical products as well as current legislation on the topic.
For this research design, the researcher will gather data, collate published
studies from different local and foreign universities and articles from social
science journals, arrange interviews; and make a content analysis of the
collected documentary and verbal material. Afterwards, the researcher will
summarize all the information, make a conclusion based on the null
hypotheses posited and provide insightful recommendations on the dealing
with the pharmaceutical and medical profession.
3.3 Research strategy
The research was approached in a descriptive manner. A descriptive research
intends to present facts concerning the nature and status of a situation, as it
exists at the time of the study and to describe present conditions, events or
systems. As a descriptive research also, the study concerns the relationships
and practices that exist, beliefs and processes that are ongoing, effects that
are being felt, or trends that are developing (Creswell, 1994). The researcher
opted to use this kind of research considering the desire of the researcher to
obtain first hand data from the representatives of the Malaysian commercial
banks being surveyed.
Fundamentally, a descriptive research utilizes observations and surveys. That
is the reason this approach was chosen by the researcher, whose intention is
gather first hand data from respondents. Furthermore, it also allows flexible
approach that when new issues arise during the study, a further investigation
can be conducted in order to fill the gap. Apart from this, the research will
also be allowed to drop different unproductive areas of research from the
original plan of the study. Above all, it will be fast and cost-effective.
3.1 Research Aims
The aims of this paper is to gather both qualitativeand quantitative
data from the 3 selected SMEs in Indiaand analyze it in order to come up with
the findings, conclusions and recommendations about the subject of the
study. Thus, this paper focus on establishing and creating instruments and
approach in order to gather enough information to present statistics and nonstatistical data to achieve the overall aim and objectives of this study.
This chapter will present the different approaches,
methods, methodologies and instruments used in the study. This will explain
the differentadvantages and disadvantages of these factors used in this
research. Thus, it will be able to justify the use or application of overall
methodology used in this paper.
3.2 Research Options
Generally, the study is descriptive in nature, with this, the study will focus on
examining the current issues by focusing on the answers of the respondents
of the study. According to Creswell (1994), descriptive study will be helpful in
order to present and show the facts about the nature and position of a given
situation as it exists during the time or duration of the study, which enables
the study to examine the different connections andrelations, together with
the procedures, as the problem or phenomenon happens. In addition, it can
also help to focus on the whole supply of knowledge regarding the different
variables and differences, as well as regularities, therefore, it can help to
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pursuing and chasing the original set of goals of the research, which
enable the researcher to arrive at more objective conclusions, test
hypothesis, know the issues of causality firmly;
obtaining high degree of reliability of the data that have been gathered
due to the fact that different types of research manipulations can be
implemented, such as controlled observations, laboratory experiments and
mass surveys;
obtaining a more sensible and practical feel of the world which cannot
be experienced and felt with the use of numerical data as well as statistical
analysis, used in quantitative research;
offer capability to connect and relate with the subject of the research
using their own language and terms; and
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of the emotional stability of the patients. Further, the music therapy shall be
evaluated in lieu with its ability to treat the patients in their grief.
Part III shall identify the prospect of music therapy as an alternative
treatment, the problems and the solutions that can be used to enhance the
process.
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