Journal of Business and Management Research, 8 (2015) 217-219

p-ISSN : 2356-5756 / e-ISSN: 2356-5764

Knowledge Journals
www.knowledgejournals.com

Short Research Communication

Job Satisfaction and Security among Bank Employees and their performance: Study
of Public and Private Sectors Banks of Southern Punjab Pakistan

AAmir Saeed khana,*, Nadeem Iqbalb, Muhammad Khanc, Najeeb Haiderd

a,c

Indus International Institute, D. G. Khan, Pakistan.

Faculty of Management Sciences, Ghazi University D. G. Khan, Pakistan.
d
Faculty of Statistics, Ghazi University D. G. Khan, Pakistan
*
Corresponding author: E-mail address: Muhammadkhan1979@gmail.com (Muhammad Khan)
b

Abstract
The main purpose of this research was to monitor the role of job satisfaction and security and work motivation on
employee Performance in the public and private sectors banks of Pakistan. The survey was intended to get their
responses on what they feel the best factors that could motivate them. The present research is designed with a clear
view to find out the satisfaction level of employees of Public Sector and Private Sector Banks. The survey is
conducted on employees of Public Sector Bank and Private Sector Bank of Pakistan. The target audience was
managers, officers and clerks. The study covers six Banks of Pakistan taking two from Public Sector namely
ZaraiTaraqiati Bank of Pakistan and National Bank of Pakistan and four from Private Sector Bank Alfalah, Faysal
Bank, Muslim Commercial Bank, Askari Bank. Two hundred employees of selected Banks located at different place
in Pakistan have approached to monitor their views on job satisfaction, security and their work performance. The
results determine that significant differences exists between employees of Public Sector and Private Sector Banks
regarding various aspects of job satisfaction, pay and fringe benefits, supervision, training and development. But they
are significant in case of the aspects, relation with co-workers, employees empowerment, supervision, performance
appraisal and nature of job.
Keywords: Job satisfaction, Public sector bank, Private sector bank, Bank employees, Satisfaction level, Job
satisfaction aspects, Job security level, Pay and Benefits.
2015 Knowledge Journals. All rights reserved.

1. Introduction
In this ground of growing world, success of any
organization depends on its human resource. How well
they
manage
the
employees
rights
and
givethembenefits is the key to success. Banks are no
exception to this. The employees of the Bank are
valuable assets to their organization even any employee
of any organization is a value able asset. If they are
highly satisfied they produce more and it is profitable
for the organization and its key to success. So in this
competitive environment it is necessary to know the
employees views toward their job and to measure the
level of satisfaction with various. Levels and different
category.
Other level of satisfaction includes the
management style and culture, employee involvement,
empowerment and trust to the employees and

autonomous workgroups. Job satisfaction is a very

important attribute which is regularly measured by
organizations. The most common way of measurement
is the use of rating scales where employees report their
reactions to their jobs. The measuring should be
monthly, quarterly and yearly the organization creates
an atmosphere of commitment and cooperation for its
employees through policies and procedures that
facilitate employee satisfaction. Satisfaction of human
resource finds close links to highly motivated
employees. Motivated employees then develop loyalty.
2. Objective of the study
The objective of the study is as follows:
- To determine the extent of Job Satisfaction
among Employees of Public Sector and Private Sector
Banks.

AAmir et al., 2015

- To evaluate the level of job satisfaction

between the employees of Public Sector Banks and
Private Sector Banks.
- To make suggestions to Bank management for
enhancing the satisfaction level of Bank employees.
- To assess the satisfaction level of employees in
Banking sector of Pakistan.
- To identify the factors which influence the job
satisfaction of employees.
- To identify the factor which improves the
satisfaction level of employees.
3. Literature review
The study of job satisfaction is a topic of wide
interest to both people who work in organizations and
people who study them. Job satisfaction has been
closely related with many organizational phenomena
such as motivation, performance, leadership, attitude,
conflict, moral etc. Researchers have attempted to
identify the various components of job satisfaction,
measure the relative importance of each component of
job satisfaction and examine what effects these
components have on employees productivity.
Spector (1997) refers to job satisfaction in terms
of how people feel about their jobs and different
aspects of their jobs. Ellickson and Logsdon (2002)
support this view by defining job satisfaction as the
extent to which employees like their work.
Schermerhorn (1993) defines job satisfaction as an

Hypotheses
H1: Bank provide autonomy that enhance the job
performance.

218

affective or emotional response towards various

aspects of an employees work Reilly (1991) defines
job satisfaction as the feeling that a worker has about
his job or a general attitude towards work or a job and
it is influenced by the perception of ones job. Wanous
and Lawler (1972) refers job satisfaction is the sum of
job facet satisfaction across all facets of a job.
Abraham Maslow (1954) suggested that human needs
from a five-level hierarchy ranging from physiological
needs, safety, belongingness and love, esteem to selfactualization. Based on Maslows theory, job
satisfaction has been approached by some researchers
from the perspective of need fulfillment (Kuhlen, 1963;
Worf, 1970; Conrad et al., 1985) Job satisfaction and
dissatisfaction not only depends on the nature of the
job, it also depend on the expectation whats the job
supply to an employee (Hussami, 2008). Lower
convenience costs, higher organizational and social and
intrinsic reward will increase job satisfaction (Mulinge
and Mullier, 1998; Willem et al., 2007).
Job satisfaction is complex phenomenon with
multi facets (Fisher and Locke, 1992; Xie and Johns,
2000); it is influenced by the factors like salary,
working environment, autonomy, communication, and
organizational commitment (Lane, Esser, Holte and
Anne, 2010; Vidal, Valle and Aragn, 2007; Fisher and
Locke, 1992; Xie and Johns, 2000).
4. Theoratical framework & Hypotheses

H2: Working condition in bank enhance the job

performance.
H3: Good communication with management enhance
the job performance.

219

H4: Meaningful work in bank enhance the job

performance.
H5: Good support and relationship with management
increase the job performance.
H6: Work pressure and stress increase the job
performance
H7: Job security increases the job performance.
H8: Job satisfaction increases the job performance.
5. Research methodology
The present research has been designed with a
view to investigate and determine the satisfaction level
of Public Sector Bank employees and Private Sector
Bank employees with in the Southern Punjab, to find
out the effect of various aspects relation with coworkers supervision, employees empowerment, nature
of job, employees participation, performance appraisal
and training and development on job satisfaction.
This research covers the public and private sectors
banks of Southern Punjab. I take four private
commercial banks and two public sector banks of
Southern Punjab to authenticate and interpret the study
and find out the results. Sample size will be 200
employees for public and private sector banks. Primary
data has been collected from manager level some from
officer level and some from teller, cashier and clerical
level. The sample used in this research is random
sampling The questionnaire covered following aspects:
pay and benefits, nature of job, employees
empowerment, supervision, training and development,
performance appraisal, employees participation, and
relation with co-workers, job security, satisfaction,
working environment, decision making.
Various statically tools has been used for analysis
and interpretation of data like, percentage, mean,
standard deviation and t- test has been applied for
analysis of various aspects of job satisfaction which are
directly linked with the questionnaire. Job satisfaction
and performance level of public and private sector
banks has been measured with various aspects like ,
autonomy, meaningful, working environment, job
security, satisfaction, communication, support,
relationship with the management.
6. Conclusion
The employees of public sector bank are more
satisfied as compared to the private sector bank
regarding their pay package, compensation, and extra
benefit given by the bank. The employees of the public
sector bank are more satisfied regarding their job
security and less stress of work as compared to the
private sector bank. They are satisfied with the working
conditions of the bank and have autonomy of power
and work and they got timely promotion as compared
to the private sector bank. Employees of private sector
bank are less satisfied with their pay package and have
no security of their job.

Journal of Business and Management Research

Limitations & Future research directons

- The survey is subjected to the respondents behavior
toward the study. Hence 100% accuracy cant be
assured.
- Due to a short span of time, where could not widen
the study.
- The study could not be generalized to adapted
personal interview method.
- This study was only conducted in the area of southern
Punjab the future research can be expanded to the
national level across the Pakistan and also on
international level across the border.
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