How to Write Your PhD Research

Proposal
By Emily Rose,
Writing a research proposal allows you to clarify the steps and expected
outcomes of your research and to communicate these to your
supervisor or faculty. Once you have decided on a topic and defined
the objectives of your research you are ready to begin writing a
research proposal. Although content differs depending on the
discipline, Most research proposals follow a typical format that
consists of the following.

Instructions
1. How to Write a PhD Research Proposal
1) Create a title page containing your name, department,
supervisor's name and the title of your research project. On the
subsequent page provide an abstract.The abstract should concisely
sum up the outline of your proposal, research involved, questions
and/or hypothesis, proposed research methods and method of data
analysis. (Halaman judul & abstrak)
2) Provide aaable of contents on the page following the abstract.
This is composed of alll the headings in your research proposal
along with their corresponding page numbers. (Daftar-daftar)
3) Write the background under the background heading. This
section will include what research will be involved, research
questions or hypotheses, research methods and how the data
will be analyzed.
4) Provide the theoretical framework by reviewing relevant
literature related to your topic of interest. Label this section
under the theoretical framework heading. This will place your
proposed research in context within existing research.
5) Identify the methodology under the research methodology
heading. Provide a strong argument for the research you wish to
conduct based on an exhaustive literature review. Identify any
substantive gaps and/or questions raised from the
literature surrounding your chosen topic. Use this gap to
provide a rationale for your proposed research.
6) Outline how you will obtain data under the research design
and methods heading. Identify any problems that may be
encountered, ethical considerations, number of participants or
animals required and how they will be recruited and method
of data collection.
7) Write the analysis and discussion under a heading of the

same name. Restate the aims and objectives of the research

and how data will be analyzed. Include detailed information on
any tools required for analysis.
8) Write under the format heading how many chapters are
required and what the order of presentation will be. This stage
is not always included in research proposals, but is useful in
indicating structure and increases the accuracy when estimating
the required time to complete research.
9) Include the estimated time required for the project under
the timeline heading. Factor in the time taken for research,
testing period, data collection, data analysis and report
writing or presentation preparation.
10) Outline resources and budget required under the budget and
resources heading. This section should indicate the financial
viability of your proposed research. Consider potential costs
such as equipment hire or purchase, travel costs, participant
payment and payment associated with hiring data analysts and a
research assistant.
11) Write the bibliography. This step comproses an extensive list of
resources consulted during the initial research stage. Evidence of
thorough reading will provide on overview of the topic area and to
demonstrate your klnowledge of the topic. The format for the
bibliography will differ depending on the academic organization.
In the U.S., the Harvard system of referencing Guide is frequency
used. (Referensi pribadi yang pernah diterbitkan dan yang sesuai
dengan topik penelitian yang dipilih).