The Universal Relay Family

The Universal Relay Family
The engine for substation

automation
1
02. Modular Relay Design Concepts
The Challenges of the Universal Relay

Performance
Universal
Relay
Busbar
Diagnostics
Transmission
Line
Monitoring
Generator
Metering
Transformer
Control
Feeder
Protection
Cost ($)
Hardware Architecture Overview
Universal Relay Architecture Modularity

(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)
COMMUNICATIONS
ANALOG I/O
Analog Transducer I/O
DIGITAL I/O
Status Inputs / Control Outputs
DSP & Magnetics
DSP processor + CT/VTs
CPU
Main Processor
Power Supply
High-Speed
High-Speed Data
Data Bus
Bus
LED
LED
LED
LED
LED
LED
Modules
Modules Modules
Modules
Modules Modules
Display
Modular HMI Panel
Keypad
Six Basic Modules

4
5
High-Speed
High-Speed Data
Data Bus
Bus
COMMUNICATIONS
ANALOG I/O
Stat us Inputs / Control Out puts
DIGITAL I/O
DSP & Magnetics
Main Processor
CPU
Power Supply
Physical Realization
19 Chassis
(4RU high)
Modules
Modular
HMI
Modularity...
High Efficiency SMPS

> 80%
DSP & Magnetics
High-speed 32-Bit RISC

CPU
> 50 MIPS, up to 120 MIPS
FLASH memory
Easy firmware upgrades
High-Speed Comms
support
10/100Mbps Ethernet LAN
Redundant Fiber
6
Main Processor
CPU
Power Supply
HALT/HAST limits
-40 - 130C
DSP + CT/VT
CPU
Power Supply
Modular CT/VT configurations

up to 8 CT/VTs
High-speed digital sampling
>16 Bit A/D
> 64 samples / power cycle
High-speed 16-Bit DSP
> 32 MIPS, up to 80 MIPS
Modularity... !
Control outputs
Solid State
Electromechanical multiple types
Fast activation
speeds (< 4ms)
Status inputs
Dry and Wet contacts
18 - 300 VDC
Fast detection
speeds
(< 4ms)
Transducer type inputs

dcmA
Voltage
Resistive
Outputs for Legacy SCADA
dcmA
Communications
COMMUNICATIONS
ANALOG I/O
Analog I/O
DIGITAL I/O
Digital I/O
High-speed Serial
Asynchronous (9600 - 115K
Baud)
Synchronous (56K - 256K Bps)
Fiber Optical (Single/Multi
mode)
Channel Redundancy
Support multiple I/O

configurations
Inter-Module Communications
High-Speed Data Bus
High-Speed Parallel Data Bus: 80 - 100 Mbytes/sec

High-Speed Serial Communications Bus: 10Mbps
High-Speed Inter-Processor Serial Data Bus: 16Mbps
Multiple buses allow for high-performance:

Protection and communications without
bottlenecks
8
Scalability
Minimum
Maximum
Box Capacity
CT/VT (I & V) inputs
up to 3 modules
Status (Binary) inputs
up to 6 modules
Control (contact) outputs
up to 6 modules
Analog (Transducer) I/O
up to 3 modules
10
24 (max)
8/module
96 (max)
16/module
48 (max)
8/module
24 (max)
8/module
Configuration/Flexibility
Sub-Modules
11
Sub-Module Types
Current & Voltage
Future
CT, VT
Optical, Digital
Control and Status I/O
Form-A
Form-C
Solid-State
Wet/Dry Input
Future
Customer
Analog (Transducer) I/O

Future
1mA, 4-20mA, 0-5mA

RTD (Pt, Ni, Cu)
5V, Resistive
Customer
12
Upgradeability/Serviceability
Plug n Play
Easy Module
Draw-out
Module
Keying
Field Wiring
Undisturbed
CT Shorting
Clips
13
Software Architecture Overview
14
Architecture - Modular Software

Major functional elements
required:
Protection Elements
Metering Elements
Monitoring Elements
Programmable Logic and I/O control
Data and Event capture/storage
HMI programmability
Communications
Modular, flexible hardware architecture requires software to support it.
15
Modular Software: Object Oriented Design
Protection
Class
TOC
IOC
Distance - Mho
Distance - Quad
Distance - Lens
Differential - Xfrmr
Differential - Bus
Differential - Line
Frequency - df/dt
Frequency - Under
Volts/Hz
16
Objects
of the
Class
Building Applications: Object Oriented Design
Classes
Protection
Metering
Control
Monitoring
Common
Core
Software
HMI
Comms
Application
Software
17
A Common Platform: Modular H/W and S/W
Application Software
Feeder
Busbar
Line
Transformer Generator
Control
18
Monitoring
Diagnostic
Power
Quality
Communications Capabilities
Overview
19
UR Communications Profiles
Modbus/TCP/IP/Ethernet
UCA 2.0 (MMS/Ethernet)

APPLICA TION
PRESENTA TION
SESSION
TRANSPORT
APPLICA TION
MMS
MMS, Modbus
PRESENTA TION
RFC1006 - Presentation
SESSION
RFC1006 - Session
NOT Implemented/Required
TRANSPORT
TP4
TCP/ IP, UDP
NETWORK
CLNP
NETWORK
DA TA LINK
IEEE 802.2 (CSMA/CD)
DA TA LINK
IEEE 802.2 (CSMA/CD)
PHYSICA L
IEEE 802.3 (10BaseFL)
PHYSICA L
IEEE 802.3 (10BaseFL)
Ethernet
Modbus/UART/(RS485, RS232, Fiber)

APPLICA TION
Telecom: DS0 (64kbps), T1, E1

APPLICA TION
Modbus
PRESENTA TION
PRESENTA TION
SESSION
SESSION
TRANSPORT
Ethernet
TRANSPORT
Proprietary, Modbus,
NETWORK
NETWORK
DA TA LINK
UART - 8 Bits, 1 Stop Bit, No Parity
PHYSICA L
RS232, RS485, Fiber
DA TA LINK
PHYSICA L
20
HDLC
RS422, G.703, Fiber
The UCA Substation

10Mbps
Dual Ethernet
Fiber Hubs
Slower
Legacy Devices
use Gateway
Interoperable
IEDs
Access to:
Enterprise
Internet
21
UCA - Peer-to-Peer
UCA 10/100Mbps LAN Response time: 4 ms

UR Relay 1 Response time =
2 ms
UR Relay 2 Response time =
2 ms
8 ms
22
Universal Relay - Peer-to-Peer performance
< 8ms, Event-to-Output
Input Activated
Relay #1
Trip Output Activated

Relay #2
GOOSE Message
23
Inter Substation Communications
FSC
(Fiber Optic System

Communications)
SONET Technology: 51/155 Mbps
Ethernet LAN Bridging capability
Creates single Ethernet WAN
Redundant channels ensure reliability
24
Configuration Tools
&
Capabilities:
FlexLogic
Sources
URPC
25
CTs
VTs
Analog
Inputs
Analog
A/D
DSP
Computed
Parameters
UR Functional Architecture
Protection
25
50
FlexLogic
T M
Virtual
Outputs
87
Physical
Outputs
Auxiliary
Outputs
Mechanical
Control
52 Breaker
Solid State
Digital
Inputs
Keypad
All Comm.
Links/
Protocols
Digital
Inputs
All Comm.
Links/
Protocols
Remote
Outputs
(GOOSE)
Virtual
Inputs
UR IED
ARCHITECTURE
Remote
Inputs
(GOOSE)
Power
Supply
48-250VDC
HARDWARE
FIRMWARE
Ethernet LAN
PROGAMMABLE
Relay 2
UR C60
Breaker
Relay 1
UR F60
Feeder
High-Speed Peer-to-Peer LAN (UCA2/Ethernet)
26
Relay 3
UR T60
Transformer
841705AC.CDR
UR FlexLogic Architecture
Remote
Inputs
27
UR FlexLogic Example
Voting Logic Schematic
28
29
Time Overcurrent Acceleration
30
31
Concept of Sources
Sources is a concept used in the Universal Relay to:
Simplify the configuration and usage of multiple 3 I & V inputs (up to 24)
Group 3 I & V inputs into a source to be used by Metering and Protection
elements
Numerically sum 3 currents from different CTs on the power system
Perform Synch-Check by grouping appropriate VT inputs for comparison
Source
Protection
Metering
A
51P
V I
Universal Relay
32
Breaker-and-a-Half Scheme
50BF
50BF
VT1
CT1
CT2
50P
67P
33
Traditional Relay Application

VT1
CT1
50BF
RELAY
CT2
50BF
RELAY
External
Summation
VOLT
AMPS
50P
W
67P
Protective Relay
34
Power Supply
CT1 CT2
DSP & Magnetics

DSP & Magnetics

35
DIGITAL I/O
DIGITAL I/O
COMMUNICATIONS
Universal Relay box
DIGITAL I/O
High-Speed Data Bus
DIGITAL I/O
Universal Relay Solution Using Sources
VT1
CPU
Main Processor
Sources Configuration
Source #1
SI
CT1
Physical 3-phase
I &V Inputs
CT1
CT2
Configure Sources
(done via settings)
VT1
50BF
Source #2
SI
CT2
I
50BF
CT1
CT2
SI
Source #3
VT1
V
50P
67P
Universal Relay
36
Multiple Feeder + Busbar
51
27P
VT1
CT1
50/
51
50/
51
50/
51
50/
51
50/
51
81
81
81
81
81
CT2
CT4
CT3
37
CT5
Power Supply
CT1 CT2 CT3
DSP & Magnetics
DSP & Magnetics
DIGITAL I/O
COMMUNICATIONS
Universal Relay box
DIGITAL I/O
CT4 CT5
38
DIGITAL I/O
High-Speed Data Bus
DSP & Magnetics
Universal Relay Solution using Sources
VT1
CPU
Main Processor
Sources Configuration
CT1
VT1
Physical 3-phase
I &V Inputs
CT1
CT2
CT3
CT1
VT1
Configure Sources
(done via settings)
VT1
SI
SI
CT1
Universal
Relay
SI
50/51
81
50/51
81
Source #4
50/51
81
Source #5
50/51
81
51
27P
I V
SI
CT1..CT5
VT1
81
I V
CT4
CT5
Source #3
V I
SI
CT1
VT1
Source #2
I V
CT1
VT1
50/51
I V
SI
VT1
Source #1
Source #6
I V
39
F35 Multiple Feeder Relay
40
URPC - One common tool for the UR Family

Settings
Metering
FlexLogic
Single-Line
Oscillography
41
Future Development
42
UR + UCA + Internet = New Possibilities
Internet
43
Internet Communications NOW!

Test a UR F60
Feeder Management
Relay over the Internet
View/Retrieve:
Metering
Events
Oscillography
44
The UR Family - One common Architecture

TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
L60 (Transmission Line: Phase Comparison)

L90 (Transmission Line: Current Differential)
D60 (Transmission Line: Distance)
F60
T60
C30
C60
(Feeder: Comprehensive w Hi-Z)

(Transformer: Comprehensive)
(Control IED)
(Breaker Management IED)
SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
URPC (Entry Level HMI, Engineering Tool)
PMCS (Full Featured Systems HMI)
GENERATION
(Available in 2000)
G60 (Generator: Comprehensive > 100MVA)
B30 (Busbar: Basic 6 Feeder )
B90 (Busbar: Comprehensive - up to 30 Feeders)
45
Universal Relay
Protection Highlights
&
Benefits
46
The Universal Relay Family -Protection Highlights

Common to entire family:
High-speed power system current and voltage sampling:
64 samples per cycle ( e.g. 3.84 KHz @ 60Hz)
High speed Protection:
elements calculated 8 x per cycle (e.g. every 2ms @ 60Hz)
High accuracy metering:
0.25% of reading from 0.1xCT to 2.0xCT
Oscillography:
Up to 128 cycles (up to 1024 cycles available with memory expansion)
Sequence of Events Recorder:
Up to 1024 event records, time stamped to microsecond precision
High speed peer-to-peer UCA2 communications:
10Mbps UCA2 LAN, Fast GOOSE control messaging
FlexLogic for customization of schemes utilizes virtual (remote) I/O:
Allows for distributed programmable scheme logic via LAN across entire
substation
Sources concept simplifies the configuration of multiple 3 I & V inputs
47 different CTs on the power system
Numerically sum 3 currents from

DISTRIBUTION
F60 (Feeder Management Relay)

Comprehensive feeder protection with high-speed, sub-cycle fault clearance
Multiple high-speed bus transfer trip schemes
Improved Hi-Z downed conductor detection (2x sensitivity)
F35 (Multiple Feeder Management Relay)
5 Feeders with busbar voltage, 6 Feeders without busbar voltage
IOC, TOC, Underfrequency, Undervoltage, 4-shot configurable recloser
T60 (Transformer Management Relay)
High-speed, dual-slope, % differential protection (up to 6 windings)
Dynamic Inrush Restraint- proper operation for inrush OR energizing onto fault
Loss-of-Life management
C60 (Breaker Management Relay)
Breaker failure + synch-check + reclose for dual breakers
Breaker monitoring and diagnostics
C30 (Controller IED)
Utility hardened programmable logic controller and sensor concentrator
Discrete I/O and transducer I/O (e.g. dcmA -1 to 20mA, RTDs)
48

TRANSMISSION
L60 (Line Phase Comparison Relay)

New algorithm digitally mimics traditional analog approach with improvements
Support for multiple schemes (7 currently defined)
Support for new and legacy power line carrier equipment (CSxx, RFL)
L90 (Line Current Differential Relay)
High-speed, sub-cycle fault clearance
Adaptive Elliptical Restraint - improved sensitivity without compromising security
Self-Synchronizing algorithm - does not require common external clock source
D60 (Line Distance Relay)
State-of-the-art digital filtering adapted to deal specifically with CCVT transients
Excellent transient overreach control (< 5%) for lines with CCVTs and high SIRs
49
The Universal Relay Family -Benefits

Common to entire family:
No more stranded relay investments:
Upgradeable to future technology,
Scalable and configurable to changing requirements
Easy serviceability via plug-n-play modules
Reduced integration and learning costs:
Reduced system integration cycle time due to common platform for all devices
Reduced learning curve cycle because of common look & feel across family
Reduced wiring costs by utilizing high-speed UCA2 LAN communications
Protection, control, metering & monitoring in one box
Substation automation ready:
Supports multiple high-speed 10Mbps LAN options - UCA2, Modbus/TCP/IP, DNP3.0
Supports communication via WAN or via Internet.
Supports high-speed legacy serial communications - (i.e. RS485 up to 115Kbps)
Supports multiple telecom multiplexer (i.e. SONET) interfaces: G.703, RS422, Fiber
Support for continuous monitoring and diagnostics:
Interfaces directly to transducers for Breaker, Transformer and LTC health monitoring
Platform for future built-in diagnostics capability
Provides continuous data retrieval capability via LAN, WAN or Internet
50
The Universal Relay Family
www.ge.com/indsys/pm
51

The Universal Relay Family

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The Universal Relay Family

The engine for substation

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

The Challenges of the Universal Relay

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Hardware Architecture Overview

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Universal Relay Architecture Modularity

Analog Transducer I/O

Status Inputs / Control Outputs

DSP & Magnetics

DSP processor + CT/VTs

Modular HMI Panel

Six Basic Modules

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Analog Transducer I/O

Stat us Inputs / Control Out puts

DSP processor + CT/VTs

DSP & Magnetics

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

High Efficiency SMPS

DSP & Magnetics

High-speed 32-Bit RISC

DSP processor + CT/VTs

Modular CT/VT configurations

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Transducer type inputs

(Ethernet, HDLC, UART)

Status Inputs / Control Outputs

Support multiple I/O

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

High-Speed Parallel Data Bus: 80 - 100 Mbytes/sec

Multiple buses allow for high-performance:

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Control and Status I/O

Analog (Transducer) I/O

1mA, 4-20mA, 0-5mA

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Software Architecture Overview

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Architecture - Modular Software

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Modular Software: Object Oriented Design

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

Building Applications: Object Oriented Design

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

A Common Platform: Modular H/W and S/W

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

UCA 2.0 (MMS/Ethernet)

TCP/ IP, UDP

IEEE 802.2 (CSMA/CD)

IEEE 802.2 (CSMA/CD)

IEEE 802.3 (10BaseFL)

IEEE 802.3 (10BaseFL)

Modbus/UART/(RS485, RS232, Fiber)

Telecom: DS0 (64kbps), T1, E1

UART - 8 Bits, 1 Stop Bit, No Parity

RS232, RS485, Fiber

02. Modular Relay Design Concepts

The UCA Substation