ESO 201A/202

MID SEM EXAM

2 hours

60 marks

Name:

September 17, 2014

Roll No:

1. Please write your name and roll number on the Question Paper as well as on the
booklet provided for rough work.
2. Please write your final answers in the boxes provided with each question and
RETURN the question paper ONLY.
Q 1. (6 marks) A rigid container contains 5 kg of superheated water vapor at 4 and 300 . It is
cooled by a constant volume (isochoric/isometric) process until the pressure in the container drops to
1 . Answer the following:
(a)

Quality of steam at the end of the cooling process =

29.88

(2marks)

(b)

Internal energy () of steam at the end of the cooling process =

6.528

(2marks)

(c)

Amount of heat transformed from the container, =

7.103

(2marks)

Q 2. (8 marks)
(a) Consider superheated water vapor at 4 and 680 . Let be the specific volume of this vapor.
Answer the following:
(i)

as obtained from steam tables by linear interpolation =

0.10856

3 /

(2marks)

(ii)

as obtained from generalized compressibility chart =

0.0745

3 /

(2marks)

(b) A 1 3 vessel contains 40 of air at a pressure of 4 . Answer the following:

(i)
(ii)

Temperature as obtained from ideal gas equation =

348.5

(1marks)

Temperature as obtained from van der Waals equation =

352.3

(3marks)

Q 3. (4 marks) Properties of saturated liquid water at 100 are :

= 101.42 , = 0.001043 3 / , = 419.06 /. Using only this data, answer the
following (round-off your answer to 2 decimal places):
(a)
(b)

Enthalpy of saturated liquid water at 100 =

(2marks)

If liquid water is assumed to be incompressible the enthalpy of compressed (subcooled)

liquid water at 100 and 10 =
/
429.49

(2marks)

419.17

(1)

Q 4. (8 marks) Consider a 50 (0.05 3 ) evacuated rigid bottle that is surrounded by the atmosphere
at 100 and 300 . A valve at the neck of the bottle is opened and air is allowed to flow slowly into
the bottle. When the pressure in the bottle reaches 100 , the valve is closed. At this point, the
temperature of the air in the bottle is measured to be 400 . Answer the following:
(a)

Amount of air that has entered into the bottle =

(b)

Heat transfer through the wall of the bottle to the atmosphere during the
filling process =

0.623

0.043554

(2marks)

(3marks)

Now the bottle as filled above is left to cool to atmospheric temperature of 300 . Answer the following:
(c)

(d)

Heat transfer through the wall of the bottle to the atmosphere during the
3.127
cooling process =

Final pressure of the air in the bottle =

75

(2marks)

(1mark)

Q 5. (4 marks) 0.1 3 of the saturated liquid water at 800 is expanded isothermally in a closed
system until its quality is 80 %. Answer the following:
(a)
(b)

Volume at the end of the expansion process =

17.265

(2marks)

Total work produced by this expansion =

13.73

(2marks)

Q 6. (5 marks) A piston-cylinder device contains 0.1 of air at 2 and 600 . The air is expanded
isothermally to 500 . Considering air as an ideal gas, answer the following:
(a)

Work done by the gas =

23.87

(2marks)

(b)

Heat transferred to the gas =

23.87

(2marks)

(c)

Change in the internal energy of the gas =

(1mark)

Q 7. (6 marks) Refrigerant 134a enters the capillary tube of a refrigerator as saturated liquid at 1
and is throttled to a pressure of 0.14 . Answer the following:
(a)

Quality of the refrigerant at the final state =

37.8

(3marks)

(b)

Temperature drop during the throttling process =

58.14

(1mark)

The wet refrigerant as obtained above at the end of the throttling process is sent to the evaporator
section of the refrigerator. Answer the following:
(c)

Heat absorbed by the refrigerant until it becomes saturated vapor =

(2)

131.84

(2marks)

Q 8. (7 marks) Air enters an adiabatic nozzle steadily at 300 , 500 and 40 / and leaves at
100 and 200 /. The inlet area of the nozzle is 100 2 . Assuming air to be an ideal gas with
constant specific heats, answer the following:
(a)
(b)
(c)

(2marks)

480.9

(3marks)

57.7

(2marks)

The mass flow of air through the nozzle =

0.8362

Temperature of the air at the nozzle exit =

Exit area of the nozzle =

Q 9. (6 marks)
(a) Steam enters a steady flow adiabatic turbine with a mass flow rate of 10 / at 4 and 500
and leaves as saturated vapor at 10 kPa. Neglecting ( + ), answer the following:
Power produced by the turbine =

8.621

(2marks)

(b) An adiabatic air compressor compresses 20 / (0.02 3 /) of air at 100 and 300 to 1000
and 575 . Neglecting ( + ) and assuming air to be an ideal gas with constant specific
heats, answer the following:
(i)

Mass flow rate of air through the compressor =

0.02323

(ii)

Power required to drive the compressor =

6.42

(2marks)

(2marks)

Q 10. (6 marks) A rigid tank is filled with 100 of saturated liquid water at 1 . A valve at the bottom
of the tank is opened and 95 liquid water is withdrawn from the tank. During this process, heat is
transferred to water in the tank such that the temperature in the tank remains constant. Answer the
following:
(a)
(b)

Quality of water-steam mixture at the end of the above process =

11.08

(3marks)

The amount of heat transferred to the tank in the above process =

1.115

(3marks)

For air:
= 0.287/. ,

= 1.005/. ,

= 0.718 /. .

For water vapor:

= 0.4615 /. ,

= 647.1 ,

= 22.06 .

van der Waals equation:

( + 2 ) ( ) =
For air

= 162 . 6 /2 ,
(3)

= 0.00126 3 /.

Compressibility Factor, Z

Superheated water vapor

1.0

0.9

0.8
0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

Reduced Pressure, PR
Saturated water -- Pressure Table

Saturated refrigerant -134a Pressure Table

(4)

0.5