1900 Series

Non-Contact Probes
Installation Guide

Your Guide to the

1900 Series Probes

Entek IRD International Corporation

P/N 45224

Copyright Notice
Copyright

2000 by Entek IRD International Corporation

All Rights Reserved

First Edition 2000
Printed in the U.S.A.
This Manual is supplied to the User under license, subject to recall by Entek IRD International Corporation at any time, and
the Manual at all times remains the property of Entek IRD International Corporation. The information contained in this
Manual is considered confidential. No part of this Manual is to be copied or reproduced or transmitted in any form whatever
(including orally or by electronic transmission), nor is any information in this Manual to be disclosed in any form whatever
(including orally or by electronic transmission) to anyone other than an authorized representative of the Users employer who
also shall agree not to disclose same, without express prior written consent of Entek IRD International Corporation.

Trademarks
Entek and IRD and registered trademarks of Entek IRD International Corporation.
All other product names are registered trademarks of their respective owners.

Entek IRD International Corporation

Corporate Headquarters
1700 Edison Drive
Milford, Ohio 45150

Contents
Table of Contents
List of Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Non-Contact Probe Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Speed/Phase Sensor Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1900 Series Non-Contact Probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Probe Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Extension Cable Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Probe Driver Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Installation and Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Conditions Affecting Non-Contact Probe Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Use in Hazardous Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Installation Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Calibrating a Non-Contact Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Cable Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Reducing Electrical Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Cable Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Splicing Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Cable Conduit Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

iii

List of Figures
1.

Figure 1 - Eddy current measurement system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Figure 2 - Probe measuring radial vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Figure 3 - Probe measuring axial position for thrust (gap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Figure 4 - Probe measuring speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Figure 5 - Non-contact probe specification description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Figure 6 - Extension cable specification description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Figure 7 - Simple bracket mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 8 - Mounting through journal bearing (no holder) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 9 - 29000 Standard probe holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Figure 10 - 29001 Slimline probe holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Figure 11 - Mounting to the outside of a journal bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Figure 12 - 09445 probe holder for mounting to the outside of a journal bearing. . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Figure 13 - Installation schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Figure 14 - Non-contact probe calibration with micrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Figure 15 - Non-contact probe calibration curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Figure 16 - Non-contact probe cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

iv

Entek IRD gSE 2-Wire Transmitter Installation Guide

Terms and Conditions

ENTEK IRD INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION

GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1. CONTRACT. When Customer accepts a Quotation from Entek IRD International Corporation or an
affiliate (the entity issuing the quotation being "Entek IRD") by issuance of a purchase order or
otherwise and Entek IRD accepts the order, Customer is deemed to have agreed to all the Terms
and Conditions contained herein. Unless otherwise approved in writing, the acceptance of Entek
IRD is expressly conditioned upon Customer accepting these Terms and Conditions, and any
different or additional terms and conditions contained in Customer's order or related documents
are expressly objected to by Entek IRD and not binding upon it. Entek IRD reserves the right to
accept or reject all orders received by it and all orders may only be accepted at the contracting
office of Entek IRD located in Ohio. Entek IRD may accept in writing, by commencement of
performance or otherwise.
2. QUOTATIONS. All quotations expire automatically thirty days from date of quotation or earlier by
notice from Entek IRD. Unless otherwise noted in writing by Entek IRD, all prices are F.O.B. the
place of origin for domestic shipments and Ex Works (as defined in INCOTERMS 1990) for
international shipments; and risk of loss in transit is on Customer. Prices do not include any
applicable taxes, however designated, levied or based upon the goods or services being quoted.
Customer agrees to pay all such taxes or provide acceptable evidence of exemption therefrom.
3. TIMING. All delivery/shipping and service dates stated by Entek IRD are approximate dates only
and estimated in good faith to the best of Entek IRD's ability and are dependent upon Entek IRD's
prompt receipt of all necessary information from Customer. Time shall not be deemed to be of
the essence in Entek IRD's performance of this agreement, and no penalty clause of any
description in any specification or order will be effective unless specifically approved in writing
by an authorized officer of Entek IRD. In any event delivery/shipping and service dates are
always quoted subject to unavoidable delays due to causes beyond Entek IRD's control including
but not limited to strikes, casualty, war, acts of God, systems failure or government action.
4. TERMS. Payment terms for domestic orders are net 10 days from date of invoice, unless otherwise
provided in the quotation. For international orders, Entek IRD reserves the right to specify
prepayment, letter of credit, or payment net 10 days from the date of invoice. Each shipment
shall be considered a separate and independent transaction and payment must be made
accordingly. If the financial condition or credit of Customer at any time in the judgment of Entek
IRD, does not warrant shipment of goods ordered, Entek IRD may at its option require full
payment prior to shipment or refuse to ship and terminate any order outstanding without liability
to Entek IRD. If any sum is not paid by Customer when due, Entek IRD shall not be obligated to
continue performance. If any amount is not paid when due, to the extent permitted by law a late
fee of 1% per month (or any part thereof) shall be charged on past due amounts until paid.
5. CONFIDENTIALITY. If Customer data comes into Entek IRD's possession, Entek IRD shall use
the same level of care to maintain the confidentiality of that data which Entek IRD uses for its
own confidential information. Subject thereto, Entek IRD may use data in its possession to
compile and maintain commercial machinery information databases in which the origin of
specific data is not identifiable by users. Such databases shall be the sole property of Entek IRD.
6. CANCELLATION. Once accepted by Entek IRD, an order is not subject to cancellation in whole
or in part by Customer without Entek IRD's prior written consent. Any such cancellation shall be
subject to a cancellation charge as determined by Entek IRD to cover any loss that may be
incurred by Entek IRD as a result of such cancellation, including without limitation a 25%
restocking charge for standard products.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Terms and Conditions

7. CUSTOMER RESPONSIBILITIES. Customer shall be solely responsible for the accuracy and
adequacy of the information provided to Entek IRD, and Entek IRD shall not be liable for any
damages resulting from the loss, disclosure or inaccuracy of such information. Customer shall,
for those contracts which include on-site installation, have the installation site prepared at its
expense prior to the scheduled installation date to enable Entek IRD to promptly deliver and
commence installation. The products are not for use in or with any nuclear facility, unless the
Quotation expressly permits such use; and Customer shall indemnify and hold Entek IRD
harmless from all liability (including such liability resulting from Entek IRD's negligence) arising
out of such improper use. Customer shall not send or use the products outside the United States
except in compliance with all applicable law, including U.S. export regulations and restrictions.
8. SOFTWARE AND SERVICES DOCUMENTS. If any computer software, whether incorporated
into a piece of equipment ("firmware"),or provided separately, and related user documentation in
any medium (collectively referred to as "Software") are included in the contract, the terms of the
Entek IRD Standard Software License Agreement shall govern the contract with respect to
Software. If any services other than oil analysis services are included in the contract, the Entek
IRD Standard Field Engineering Services Terms and Conditions shall govern such services.
Those documents are available to Customer upon request, and Customer is responsible to obtain
and read the Standard Software License Agreement and the Standard Field Engineering Services
Terms and Conditions.
9. LIMITED WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES. A. Entek IRD warrants to Customer (and not
anyone else) that (i) all products manufactured by Entek IRD shall be free of defects in materials
and workmanship under normal conditions for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment
(except that items with limited life such as batteries and lamps are warranted for 90 days from
date of shipment) and that (ii) services will be free from defects in workmanship under normal
conditions, for 90 days from performance. With respect to performance related in any way to the
passage of time to the year 2000 and beyond, or the occurrence of a leap year, Entek IRD does not
make any representation or warranty; Entek IRD has issued a Year 2000 readiness disclosure
statement, which is available to Customer upon request.
B. With respect to any Entek IRD product or service that fails to satisfy the limited warranty
provisions in this Section, as Customer's exclusive remedy, and at Entek IRD's option, Entek IRD
will repair or replace the product or refund its purchase price or refund the purchase price of the
service, provided that any defect is brought to the attention of Entek IRD within the warranty
period. To qualify for this warranty concerning a product Customer must return the defective
product to Entek IRD's designated facility freight prepaid, and after repair or replacement Entek
IRD will return the product freight prepaid; or, if in Entek IRD's opinion the product is
impractical to ship, Customer shall be charged for labor, transportation and subsistence expenses
for the service representative(s) providing the warranty work at Customer's site. Entek IRD alone
will be authorized to furnish or arrange for repairs or replacements.
C. The above limited warranties do not apply, and no warranty, either express or implied, shall be
applicable, (a) to damage resulting from accident, alteration, misuse or abuse, harmful conditions,
systems failure or Act of God; (b) if the product is not installed, operated and maintained
according to procedures recommended by Entek IRD; or (c) if the Entek IRD serial number is
obliterated. In no case shall the limited warranty extend to defects in materials, components, or
services furnished by third parties or to the repair or installation of the product performed by third
parties. The above warranties do not extend to any products sold "as-is" or "as-inspected;" no
warranties, either express or implied, are made with respect to such products.
D. Entek IRD makes no representations or warranties to Customer, or anyone else, with respect to
products manufactured by a third party. Any warranties of the third party manufacturers shall run
directly to Customer to the extent permitted by law and Entek IRD shall have no liability therefor.

vi

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Terms and Conditions

E. The limited warranties in this Section constitute Entek IRD's entire warranty as to the
products and services provided hereunder. ENTEK IRD HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING CONFORMITY TO ANY
REPRESENTATION OR DESCRIPTION AND INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSES
WHATSOEVER.
10. EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND LIABILITY LIMITATION. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED
HEREIN ARE CUSTOMER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES, AND ENTEK IRD'S
EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY WHETHER ARISING IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY. CUSTOMER
AGREES THAT NO OTHER REMEDY (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS, LOST SALES, LOST
PRODUCTION, OVERHEAD, LABOR, INJURY TO PERSON OR PROPERTY, OR ANY
OTHER INCIDENTAL LOSS) SHALL BE AVAILABLE TO CUSTOMER. THIS
ALLOCATION OF RISK IS REFLECTED IN THE PRICES OF THE PRODUCTS AND
SERVICES. ENTEK IRD'S MAXIMUM LIABILITY HEREUNDER ARISING FROM ANY
CAUSE WHATSOEVER SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES IN QUESTION. Any suit related to this Agreement, on any legal
theory, must be commenced within one year after the cause of action accrues.
11. TITLE AND LIEN RIGHTS. Each product shall remain personal property regardless of how it is
affixed to Customer's real property and Entek IRD reserves a purchase money security interest in
the product until the purchase price has been fully paid. Customer agrees to execute, and hereby
appoints Entek IRD as its attorney-in-fact to execute on Customer's behalf, any documents
requested by Entek IRD which are necessary for attachment and perfection of its security interest.
If Customer defaults, Entek IRD shall have all the rights of a secured creditor under the Uniform
Commercial Code as enacted in Ohio.
12. OTHER TERMS. These terms and conditions and any issue, claim or dispute arising hereunder
shall be interpreted under and governed in all respects by the internal laws of the State of Ohio,
and not by the 1980 U.N. Convention on the International Sale of Goods. These terms and
conditions and the written quotation to which they relate constitute the entire contract between
the parties, and supersede all other oral or written statements of any kind whatsoever made by the
parties or their representatives. Waiver by Entek IRD of strict compliance with any one or more
of these Terms and Conditions is not to be considered a continuing waiver or a waiver of any
other term or condition. No statement purporting to modify any of these terms or conditions shall
be binding unless expressly agreed to in writing signed by an officer of Entek IRD and by
Customer.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

vii

Terms and Conditions

viii

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

1.

1900 Series
1900 Series Non-Contact Probes
This manual shows you how to install the 1900 series non-contact eddy current probes. It is
intended for anyone who installs or maintains a predictive maintenance system with
permanently mounted non-contact probes.

Introduction
A non-contact probe is a device that uses an electrical field to measure a physical distance
between the probe tip and the target (usually a shaft) and converts that distance into an
electrical signal. The voltage generated by a non-contact probe is typically expressed in
terms of millivolts per mil. Dynamic displacement is usually measured in peak to peak units
in the United States. Gap voltage is measured in DC volts.
The measuring system consists of three parts, as shown below in Figure 1.
1.

A probe which is fitted to the machine by a threaded housing, so that the probe tip is
perpendicular to the target (shaft) surface.

2.

An extension cable, which is added to the probe lead to make up the system cable
length of 5 or 9 meters.

3.

A probe driver, containing the oscillator/demodulator circuitry that creates the electrical
field at the probe tip. This is also called a signal sensor. It provides an output signal
proportional to the gap between the tip and the target. This signal is sent through a cable
to a central monitoring station where the signal is converted into a measurement with
meaningful units.

Figure 1 - Eddy current measurement system

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Applications

Together they form a tuned measurement circuit. In order for the non-contact probe to
function correctly and accurately, several things must be true:
l

It must be mounted correctly. Mounting options include using a threaded mounting

bracket, installing the probe directly into the bearing housing, and using a probe holder
attached to the machine.

The measuring system (probe, extension cable, and driver) must be calibrated correctly.

The target must have a uniform surface with no plating. It should be free of mechanical
or electrical runout (variations in the smoothness or electrical properties of the surface).
Per the requirements of API 670, section 4.1.1.2, we suggest the surface should be from
0.4 to 0.8 micormeters (16 to 32 microinches) RMS.

The cable must be able to carry the signal without degrading the signal at the
frequencies of interest over the length of the cable. The cable must be correctly
connected to the monitoring device. In addition, proper grounding techniques must be
observed at all times, and particularly when running the cable through a junction box.

This manual covers probes, monitoring systems, calibration, permanent mounting, and
cable installation. Refer to the specific monitoring device manual for information about
connecting the probe signal to the monitoring device.
Note: Non-contact probes can be damaged if dropped, or if the probe tip comes in contact with the
moving shaft. Non-contact probes are calibrated as a system with the extension cable and
driver, so replacing a probe or extension cable requires recalibrating the system. See
Calibrating a Non-Contact Probe on page 14.

Applications
Non-contact probes are typically used in one of three applications. The first uses a noncontact probe to measure the radial vibration. The probe is usually mounted to (or through)
the bearing housing, and measures the vibration of the shaft relative to the housing.
Non-contact probe

Signal sensor or
probe driver

Target

Gap
Extension cable

Figure 2 - Probe measuring radial vibration

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Cable to monitoring
device (twisted pair)

Applications

The second uses a non-contact probe to measure the axial position. The probe is usually
mounted to the to the machine frame, and measures the position of the shaft relative to the
housing or thrust bearing.
Target

Gap

Figure 3 - Probe measuring axial position for thrust (gap)

The third uses a non-contact probe to measure speed and phase. The signal from the noncontact probe changes each time the leading edge of the protrusion, keyway, hole, or
geartooth passes by the tip. Most monitoring devices allow you to set the trigger point so
that it triggers on this change in the signal.

Figure 4 - Probe measuring speed

Non-Contact Probe Theory of Operation

The non-contact probe, extension cable, and probe driver form a tuned measurement circuit.
The electronic module, called a signal sensor or probe driver, generates a very highfrequency electrical signal called the carrier signal. This signal is applied through a coaxial
cable to a small coil of wire in the tip of the non-contact pickup.
The high-frequency electrical signal generates a magnetic field around the small coil of
wire. Any metallic objects in the vicinity of the coil, usually a steel shaft, absorbs some of
the magnetic energy. This places an electrical load on the electrical signal, reducing the
electrical signal strength. The amount of loading is inversely proportional to the distance
between the coil and the shaft and the loss is detected as a change in the amplitude of the
demodulated signal. The closer the coil comes to the shaft, the greater the loading effect and
the more the carrier signal is reduced.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Applications

Magnetic field
in gap

Pickup coil

Target

non-contact probe

As the shaft moves relative to the tip of the probe, the strength of the electrical signal
changes proportionally to the change in distance. The signal sensor provides an AC signal
voltage proportional to the vibration and a DC signal proportional to the gap distance. The
variation in the strength of the carrier signal is therefore proportional to the amount of
vibration.

Speed/Phase Sensor Theory of Operation

The theory of operation for non-contact probes is described on page 3. The signal from the
non-contact probe changes each time the leading edge of the protrusion, keyway, hole, or
geartooth passes by the probe. Most monitoring devices allow you to set the trigger point so
that it triggers on either a rising or a falling signal. Some monitoring devices also let you
choose either the leading or trailing edge of the signal for the trigger. The illustration below
shows the signal that results from a keyway.

0 VDC

Leading edge
(falling signal)

Trailing edge

The phase measurement calculated by the monitoring device depends on the device. There
are multiple definitions for phase, two of which appear below:

Vibration phase is defined as the phase angle between the 1x RPM (first order)
vibration signal and the reference point on the shaft (the pulse from the non-contact
probe).

Absolute phase is defined as the phase angle between the reference point on the shaft
and the first high (heavy) spot on the shaft.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

1900 Series Non-Contact Probes

Conditions affecting speed/phase sensor signals

The conditions affecting the signals from non-contact probes are described on page 12.

1900 Series Non-Contact Probes

The 1900 series non-contact probes cover a wide range of applications for monitoring
displacement, thrust, and speed/phase. The following table lists the probes and
characteristics. The probe, extension cable, and probe driver are typically ordered together
as a system, calibrated to the correct target material.

Probe Specifications
The following table lists the standard 1900 series non-contact probes.
Model
Number

Range
Tip
(mils) Diameter

Mounting Mounting
S/S
Preferred Body Length
Type
Thread Conduit Unthreaded Threaded

1901

10100

5 mm

STD

1/4-28

No

25 mm

1902

10100

5 mm

STD

1/4-28

Yes

25 mm

1903

10100

5 mm

STD

M8 x 1

No

25 mm

1904

10100

5 mm

STD

M8 x 1

Yes

25 mm

1905

10100

8 mm

STD

3/8-24

No

30 mm

1906

10100

8 mm

STD

3/8-24

Yes

30 mm

1907

10100

8 mm

STD

M10 x 1

No

30 mm

1908

10100

8 mm

STD

M10 x 1

Yes

30 mm

1909

10100

8 mm

REVERSE

3/8-24

No

30 mm

1910

10100

8 mm

REVERSE

3/8-24

Yes

30 mm

1918

20190

16 mm

STD

M20 x 1

Yes

75 mm

1919

20190

16 mm

90

M20 x 1

Yes

40 mm

1927

40400

25 mm

STD

M30 x 2

Yes

75 mm

1928

40400

25 mm

90

M30 x 2

Yes

50 mm

1937

50800

35 mm

STD

M42 x 3

Yes

100 mm

1938

50800

35 mm

90

M42 x 3

Yes

50 mm

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

1900 Series Non-Contact Probes

The probe and integral cable is specified as shown in the following diagram.
OVERALL LENGTH

UNTHREADED LENGTH
BODY LENGTH

MODEL

1906

AA

BB

DD

WITH CONNECTOR = 1
WITHOUT CONNECTOR = 0

Figure 5 - Non-contact probe specification description

The body thread is determined by the probe model number.

AA

Body length in millimeters, in 5 mm multiples; see the table above for preferred
standard lengths.

BB

Unthreaded length in millimeters, in 5 mm multiples; see the table above for

preferred standard lengths.

0 for no fitted connector, 1 for fitted connector

DD

Total length of probe and integral cable; select total length to suit the required
position of the connector in relation to the conduit arrangement on the machine.
The preferred standards are 0.5 and 1.0 meters.

The probes are fitted with an insulating boot which mates with a matching boot on the
extension cable. These should be pushed together to ensure electrical isolation of the
connector body from the ground.

Extension Cable Specifications

The total length of the probe, integral cable, and extension cable should be 5 or 9 meters.
This total length must also match the specification for the probe driver. The preferred
lengths of extension cables are therefore 4.0, 4.5, 8.0, and 8.5 meters.
Probes and extension cables are not normally supplied with flexible stainless steel conduit
as the cable has an internal stainless steel wire armoring. If flexible stainless steel conduit is
preferred to standard rigid conduit on the machine, it can be specified. The preferred method
of protecting cables, however, is to fit a permanent conduit system on the machine.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Installation and Mounting

The extension cable is specified as shown in the following diagram.

1970/ A/ BB

MODEL

WITH CONDUIT = 1
WITHOUT CONDUIT = 0
TOTAL LENGTH

Figure 6 - Extension cable specification description

0 for no conduit, 1 for flexible stainless steel conduit

BB

Total length of the cable

Probe Driver Specifications

All standard probes are calibrated against a standard target material of En19 (#4140 Steel).
The probe driver can be calibrated to a different target material when required. The probe
driver housing is 84 mm long, 60 mm deep, and 36 mm high. Probe drivers are specified as
19XX/ A/ YYY.
19XX

1921 for 5 mm diameter probes

1922 for 8 mm diameter probes
1923 for 16 mm diameter probes

System cable length

YYY

Target material
001 - EN19 T(#4140 Steel)
002 - A-479-410-CL12
003 - INCONEL 625
004 - EN25
005 - EN29A(T) (use EN40B)
006 - EN40B
007 - not used
008 - 42CMR04 (use EN19T)
009 - BS4360-50 (use EN14A)

1924 for 25 mm diameter probes

1935 for 35 mm diameter probes

010 - BS970 709M40T (use EN19T)

011 - AISA 1045 (use EN8)
012 - BS970 070 M20 (use EN3B)
013 - EN8
014 - EN3B
015 - EN56B or BS970 420 S29R
016 - EN14A
017 - EN9

Installation and Mounting

As eddy current probes measure the relative gap between probe & target, it is obviously
essential that any mounting arrangement is rigid and stiff enough so no resonances occur
within the frequency range of interest.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Installation and Mounting

For most applications a simple bracket arrangement will usually suffice, (Figure 7, below).

Figure 7 - Simple bracket mounting

The mounting plate shown is preferably threaded to accept the probe, as this facilitates easy,
controlled adjustment. A locknut ensures that the desired setting is maintained.
Alternatively probes may be located by a clearance hole and two locknuts or by an
interference hole and split clamp housing. The spanner flats provided on the probe body
should be used at all times and reasonable care exercised during installation to avoid
damage to the probe tip. When using a threaded housing, disconnect the extension lead
while adjusting, to avoid cable wind up and the imposition of a torque load on the assembly.
Make sure that the bracket itself does not introduce any extraneous vibrations. The free
cantilevered length of each non-contact pickup holder must not exceed 20 centimeters. The
bracket must not bend or flex. Even a small amount of flexing in the bracket may result in
unreliable readings. Only a stiff bracket can support the probe without adding vibration due
to the natural resonance frequency of the bracket. As a general rule, even the shortest
bracket will require fabrication from 1/2-inch steel plate (at the minimum at least 9.4
millimeters thick).
All brackets should be tested for resonance in the frequencies that the probe will monitor. If
possible, the bracket design should be approved by your transducer or system supplier.
The illustration below shows a non-contact probe mounted through the journal bearing. The
probe measures radial vibration. Note that the tip clearance should be 1.5 times the tip
diameter to each side of the probe tip. This means the total cutout should be 4 times the
width of the probe tip.

Note babbitt material cut away to

avoid interference with transducer
eddy current field

Figure 8 - Mounting through journal bearing (no holder)

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Installation and Mounting

When installed in locations such as bearing housings, where the mounting surface/target
separation may be large within a lubricating oil environment, a 29000 series probe holder is
recommended. The Standard 29000 probe holder is shown schematically in Figure 9, it
facilitates remote adjustment of a reverse mount probe while maintaining (through O ring
seals) the integrity of any closed lubrication environment. A blanking plug stored within the
holder is used to maintain this integrity even while the probe is removed from the machine.
The design of the holder ensures the probe cable is protected from mechanical damage and
as the movement of the probe is purely translational, with no rotation, the probe cable need
not be disconnected during gap adjustment. 29000 series holders are supplied with inner
sleeve lengths optimized for the specific application. Figure 10 shows the 29001 Slimline
probe holder, which should be used where lack of space precludes the use of the Standard
29000 holder.

Figure 9 - 29000 Standard probe holder

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Installation and Mounting

Standoff adapters may be fitted between the probe holder and the mounting surface to
increase clearance around obstructions if required. When using Standard probe holders it is
recommended that only probes with 0.5 un-armored cable (1909) are used. This allows the
connector to the extension cable to be accommodated within the probe holder, facilitating
probe replacement should this be required. The Extension cable may be armored or
contained within other suitable flexible or rigid conduit.

Figure 10 - 29001 Slimline probe holder

When using Slimline probe holders it is recommended to use probes with 1 meter (or
longer) cables to allow the top cap to be removed. If the customer is not providing conduit to
the probe holder and protection is desired, it is recommended to use probes with armored
cable (1910). There is insufficient space within the holder to accommodate an extension
cable connector.

10

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Installation and Mounting

You can also mount non-contact probes on the outside of the bearing housing as shown
below.
45 degrees

45 degrees

8 MM 3/8-24 NON-CONTACT
PROBE (1900 SERIES)

BEARING

ENTEK IRD P/N 09445

PROBE HOLDER BRACKET
NOTE: PROBE HOLDER BRACKET
HELD IN PLACE WITH (2) 1/4"-20 BOLTS
OUTBOARD SIDE OF BEARING FACE

Figure 11 - Mounting to the outside of a journal bearing

This graphic shows a view across the face of the bearing housing, perpendicular to the shaft.

1/4 DIAMETER MACHINE SCREW

(TIE-WIRED IN PLACE)

SHAFT
Figure 12 - 09445 probe holder for mounting to the outside of a journal bearing

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

11

Installation and Mounting

Conditions Affecting Non-Contact Probe Signals

Non-contact probes should be calibrated after installation to determine the sensitivity.
Calibrating the probe also verifies the linear range of the probe. This is usually done by
using feeler gages to set the gap, then measuring the output signal. The calibration is also
affected by the target material. The non-contact probe is usually calibrated to a known
metal; for example SAE4140 steel.
The following conditions affect the accuracy of the non-contact probe signal:
l

Target material if it is not the same as the metal used for factory calibration.

Plating on the shaft should be removed in the target zone.

Runout of the shaft in the target zone should be minimized. The runout can be
mechanical (irregularities in the surface) or electrical. Per the requirements of API 670,
section 4.1.1.2, we suggest the total runout should not exceed 25% of the maximum
allowed peak-to-peak vibration, or 6 micrometers (0.25 mil).

Surface smoothness of the target must be a uniform surface with no plating. Per the
requirements of API 670, section 4.1.1.2, we suggest the surface should be from 0.4 to
0.8 micrometers (16 to 32 microinches) RMS.

Extension cable length from the probe to the signal sensor (probe driver). The signal
from a non-contact probe depends on the loading of the electrical signal from the signal
sensor. The loading is affected by the cable from the probe to the signal sensor. If the
probe is to be screwed into the mounting, disconnect the extension cable from the
signal sensor to prevent twisting the extension cable.

Electrical interference from a variety of sources can affect the signal from the noncontact probe.

Use in Hazardous Environments

The 1900 series probes are approved to EEx ia IIC T3 (to T6), under certificate number
Ex 87B2265X, while the corresponding probe drivers are approved to EEx ia IIC T6 under
certificate number Ex 87B2264X. They can therefore be used, with appropriate cabling and
safety barriers, for measurements within hazardous areas. A system certification drawing
showing the required arrangement is available if required. One polarized dual channel
barrier, (typically MTL 796-) is required per transducer (note that the barrier channels are
dissimilar).
It is a condition of approval that the electrical system within the hazardous area must be
capable of withstanding a 500V test to earth, so clearly the insulation of cable connector and
driver case should be carefully implemented. Driver housings supplied by Entek IRD are
fitted, as standard, with isolating mounting bases.
Alternatively, galvanic isolators my be used. A system certification drawing showing the
required arrangement is available if required. One Pepperl & Fuchs Transformer Isolated
Voltage Repeater type KHD3-IVR/EX126 Certified by BASSEFA to EEx ia IIC is required
per transducer.

12

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Installation and Mounting

Installation Schematic

Figure 13 - Installation schematic

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

13

Calibrating a Non-Contact Probe

Calibrating a Non-Contact Probe

Two points are worth noting regarding the calibration of eddy current probe systems.
1.

The target material must be conductive, and indeed must be the only such material
within the field emanating from the probe tip. This includes not only the area directly in
front of the tip, but also to a radius of one tip diameter around it. If necessary the
mounting surface must be counterbored or chamfered to achieve this clearance. The
calibration of the system is affected by the resistivity of the target material and so the
target material must be declared by the user before Entek IRD can supply a properly
calibrated system. Unless otherwise requested, probe systems are calibrated against a
4140 steel target.

2.

The most commonly used probes have 8mm diameter tips and are typically applied to
the detection of shaft vibration in rotating machines. Such probes are usually installed
such that the target surface is at the midpoint of their linear sensing range, in order that
their actual working range is maximized. The linear range of a probe is determined by
the coil geometry and is measured from the coil fitted within the probe tip. For the 8mm
probe the midpoint of its range lies 0.050 inches (50 mil) from the coil. Calibrated to a
standard sensitivity of -200mV/mil, this means that at a coil/target distance of 0.050
inches, the output from the probe driver system will be -10.0 volts. A physical
measurement (using feeler gauges) would yield a tip to target gap of between 0.045 and
0.055 inch (4555 mil).

A non-contact probe is calibrated as a system with its extension cable and signal sensor
(probe driver) module. In addition, the calibration depends on the characteristics of the
target material. There are two ways to calibrate a non-contact probe:
l

If you can get a suitable piece of the target (shaft) material, you can calibrate the probe
before installation.

If you cannot get a piece of the target material, you can calibrate the probe after
installation. Calibrating the probe after installation can be much more difficult, so if
possible, calibrate the probe before installing it.

The best way to calibrate a non-contact probe is to use a sample of the target material and a
dial micrometer, as shown below.
Target material

Dial micrometer

Figure 14 - Non-contact probe calibration with micrometer

14

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Non-contact probe

Calibrating a Non-Contact Probe

Begin with the target material in contact with the probe, and then increase the gap distance
by 5 or 10 mils, measuring the DC signal from the probe at each gap distance. The result
will be a table similar to the following.
Gap distance
(mils)

Gap voltage
(VDC)

Gap distance
(mils)

Gap voltage
(VDC)

-0.717

70

-12.73

10

-1.078

80

-14.79

20

-3.051

90

-16.74

30

-4.91

100

-18.49

40

-6.83

110

-19.53

50

-8.8

120

-19.53

60

-10.78

Graphing the change in distance against the change in voltage creates a probe curve similar
to the one shown below.

Figure 15 - Non-contact probe calibration curve

Notice that there is a range over which the graph forms a straight line (10110 mils). The
probes response to increasing gap distance is linear in this range. This tells you three things:
l

The linear range defines the usable gap distance for the probe (10110 mils).

It is best to install the probe so that the normal gap distance is in the middle of the
linear range. For this probe curve, the middle of the linear range is at 60 mils.

The sensitivity of the probe over the linear range is the change in voltage divided by the
change in distance. This sensitivity is also called the calibration for the probe. For this
probe curve, the sensitivity is:
19.53 volts 1.078 volts
------------------------------------------------------------ = 184.5 mV/mil
110 mils 10 mils

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

15

Cable Installation

Cable Installation
The cable from the probe is a critical component in getting the signal to the monitoring
device. The 3-wire cables with shield listed below are dedicated, one per probe, to carry
probe signals to the monitoring device.
No. of
channels/
cable
Cable run up
to 3400 feet

Cable
diam.

Belden
No.

Max. Alpha
Temp. No.

0.195 in
4.95 mm

8771 140 F
60 C

0.550 in
14.0 mm

9771 176 F
80 C

12

0.725 in
18.4 mm

9772 176 F
80 C

2403C

Reducing Electrical Interference

The small electrical signal coming from a probe can be affected by electrical interference.
Make every effort to reduce the electrical interference in cables to the lowest acceptable
levels. Interference can come from many sources, including power cables, switching
devices, motor controllers, walkie-talkies, robot transmitters, arc welders, induction heating
equipment, motors, and high voltage ignition systems.
The following methods are effective for minimizing electrical interference:

16

Use twisted pair wires in each cable.

Use individual foil shields around each triplet, with a shield drain wire grounded at the
monitoring divide for each shield. Non-contact probes are most often isolated at the
machine end. Do not ground the shield at both ends of the cable. Grounding the cable
shield at both ends causes a ground loop. This can cause interference because in most
cases the ground potential differs at the two ends.

Electrically isolate (insulate) each probe circuit from all others.

Surround all cables with grounded steel conduit where possible.

Do not use conduits containing probe cables for any other circuits.

Avoid running 1900 probe cables parallel to other cables, such as other sensors, or
communication cables.

Avoid running probe cables parallel to power wiring. When this cannot be avoided,
make sure that probe cables are at least 12 inches away from all power wiring carrying
120 V or less. For power circuits of 120240 V, the minimum spacing is 24 inches. For
circuits of 480 V or higher, the minimum spacing is 48 inches.

If the cable must cross power wiring, maintain the above spacing between the wires.
Cross the wires at a right angle (90) to minimize interference.

Make sure the cable is securely fastened to reduce low frequency noise from cable
movement. This is particularly important at the cable from the probe to the probe driver.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

Cable Installation

For a probe with a top exit cable connection, make sure there is at least 6 inches of clearance
above the machine surface to allow for movement of the probe and cable. Clamp the cable
within 6 inches of the probe, allowing enough room for the cable to bend without damage.
Clamp the cable at intervals to prevent movement.

INTEGRAL
CABLE

PROBE
DRIVER

CABLE CONNECTOR
CABLE CLAMP
EXTENSION
CABLE

SHAFT
Figure 16 - Non-contact probe cabling

Cable Construction
The probe cable should be twisted pair with its own foil shield. Ground the cable at the
monitoring device, not the machine. Do not ground the cable shield drain wire at both ends.
The shield connections should be carried through any junction boxes without connecting to
a ground or other shields.
If the end of the probe cable is in a location where it will be splashed or hosed down, coat it
with RTV silicone rubber sealant to prevent fluids from entering the cable.
l

At the probe end, use RTV in and around the connector and cable entry to the
connector.

At the opposite end to the probe, terminate the cable in a NEMA housing using proper
cable entry connectors that create a tight seal around the cable and the entry hole of the
housing.

Splicing Cables
Note: Do not splice the cable from the probe to the probe driver, as this changes the calibration of
the system. The calibration depends on the length of the system from the probe to the probe
driver.
Splices in cables between the probe driver and the monitoring device are acceptable if the
connections are soldered. Splices must be located in a junction or conduit box for access.
Coil any excess cable in the junction or conduit box, making sure that any exposed (bare)
cable shield is taped off so it cannot touch the junction or conduit box.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide

17

Cable Installation

Cable Conduit Guidelines

All signal wiring should be run in grounded conduit, where it is protected from damage and
external influences. The conduit must be installed with proper drain points so that water
from condensation and other sources does not build up around the cable.

Cables in conduit
When cables are run in steel conduit, the conduit must be grounded per NEC and local code
requirements. Where necessary, flexible interlocked steel conduit can be used. Note that
flexible conduit is not as effective against RF/EM interference as solid conduit. No wires or
cables other than probe wires or cables should be run in the same conduit.
In high humidity areas, outdoors, or where the system may get wet, the conduit should be
protected to prevent water from entering. If the conditions could cause condensation in the
conduit, use rigid metallic conduit or liquid-tight flexible conduit with suitable fittings.
The far end of the conduit should be protected to prevent water from entering. Provide
appropriate condensate drains at low points in the conduit runs to allow condensation to
escape.
If a water-resistant seal is required, you can also use pipe joint sealing compound on fittings
before screwing connectors to the probe body. Coat the terminal strip inside the junction box
with RTV silicone rubber after the cables are connected. Do not use sealant on the gasket
surfaces.

Conduit runs to panels

Make sure the conduits are large enough to accommodate the signal cables plus space for
servicing. The maximum acceptable cable length from probe driver to monitoring device
depends on the type of probe, the frequencies of interest, the grade of cable, and the
monitoring device. Follow the manufacturers specifications for cable length and grade, or
refer to the table under Cable Installation on page 16.

Conduit boxes
Use a conduit or junction box to protect any connections or splices in the cable from the
probe driver to the monitoring device.

18

In wet areas, use NEMA-4X rated box. You can also use a 1/2 or 3/4-inch trade size
conduit body with gasketed cover, mounted vertically to prevent water entry into the
box.

Locate the conduit box so that 12 inches of cable from the probe driver extends into
the box.

Use rigid thin wall or liquid-tight flexible conduit on the output cable.

Ground the box and conduit to avoid electrical and radio frequency interference.

Entek IRD 1900 Series Non-Contact Probes Installation Guide