Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Biology
Test 2
08 February 2012
2 Hour
Nama Pelajar :
Kelas :
Markah :
[2 marks]
Predict what will happen if a plant cell does not have the organelle you named in
(d) (i).
[1 mark]
2.
[2 marks]
(f) Why is organelle R present in large numbers in the sperm cells of humans and flight
muscle cells of birds?
[2 marks]
3.
The table above shows the life span of four different types of cells.
Name cell Z.
[1 mark]
State the process which produces new Z cells to replace the Z cells which are
damaged.
[1 mark]
Compared to other cells, skin cells have a short life span. Give one reason why
skin cells have a short life span.
[1 mark]
Where is cell Y produced and destroyed?
[2 marks]
The figure shows cell organization in multicellular organisms that is a flowering plant and
man.
(a) Name the five levels of cell organization starting from simple to complex.
[2 marks]
(b) State the relationship between
cell and tissue.
[1 mark]
tissue and organ.
[1 mark]
(c) Name the organs labelled P, Q, R, S and T.
[2 marks]
(d) The figure below shows a cross-section of the plant across the part labelled R.
(a) Explain the function of 3 basic structures common to all cell types.
[4 marks]
(b) The figure shows an organelle.
[10 marks]
ANSWER
1) (a)
P = Mitochondrion
Q = Cytoplasm
R = Nucleus
S = Ribosome
(b) (i) Function P : to provide energy to the cell or as a site of generating energy for the cell.
Function Q : as a medium for biochemical reactions in the cell.
(ii) The cheek cells of a human being are less active, therefore less energy is needed. However, the
muscle cells are very active, thus more energy is needed.
(c) (i) S functions as a site of protein synthesis.
(ii) The product of synthesis of structure S (that is protein) is secreted out of the cell to produce
enzymes and hormones whereas the product of synthesis (protein) which occurs in the cytoplasmic
matrix is used by the cell for the growth of the cell itself/as a catalyst for the reactions in the cell.
(d) (i) Chloroplast. Its function is to absorb sunlight to carry out photosynthesis.
Cell wall. Its function is to provide support to the plant cells / to give the plant cell a fixed shape / to
prevent the plant cell from bursting due to excessive intake of water.
(ii) Without chloroplast, photosynthesis cannot be carried out. Without the cell wall, the plant cell
cannot become turgid / the plant cell might bursts due to excessive intake of water.
2) (a)
P : chloroplast
Q : endoplasmic reticulum
R : chloroplast
S : Golgi apparatus
(b) R : the organelle that captures light energy to make food
P : the site where cellular respiration occurs and energy is generated.
S : the organelle that functions as the processing packaging and transporting centre of
carbohydrates, proteins, phospholipids and glycoproteins
(c) Palisade mesophyll
(d) Organelle P
(e) (i) Structure Y can become secretory vesicles
(ii) These vesicles contain proteins which will bud off from the golgi membrane and travel to the
plasma membrane to be secreted
(f) The sperm cells and flight muscles of birds are very active. Therefore they require a lot of energy
which can be obtained from organelle R which is present in large numbers.
3) (a)
(ii) Human beings will lose their body coordination and will not be able to respond to external
stimulus.
4) (a) cell tissue organ system organism
(b) (i) A tissue is a group of cells that has the same structure and performs the same function.
(ii) A group of different types of tissues that are combined together to perform a specific function is
an organ.
(c) P - flower, Q - leaf, R - stem, S - root, T - heart
(d) (i) K - epidermal tissue, L - ground tissue, M - meristematic tissue, N - vascular tissue
(ii) K - epidermal cell, L - parenchyma cell, M - cambium cell, N - xylem vessel
(e) epithelial tissue, muscle tissue(cardiac), connective tissue, nervous tissue
(a) "Unicellular" or "Single-celled" means that a Paramecium sp has only one cell for its entire
body. It contains everything needed for survival.
(b) A - macronucleus
B - food vacuole
C - cilia
D - micronucleus
E - gullet (oral groove)
F - contractile vacuole
(c) feeding : E
locomotion : C
reproduction : D
osmotic regulation : F
(d) Simple division and conjugation
(e) They exist in an environment in which the osmotic concentration in their external environment
is much lower than that in their cytoplasm. As a result, Paramecium sp. is subjected to a continuous
influx of water, as water diffuses inward to a region of higher osmotic concentration. To maintain
homeostasis, water must be continually pumped out of the cell at the same rate at which it moves in.
Contractile vacuoles carry out this process.
5)
6) (a)
7) (a)
- All cells contain a plasma membrane. The plasma membrane surrounds the cell and acts as a
barrier between the inside and outside of the cell. It also helps to regulate its internal composition
- Cells contain cytoplasm, where biochemical reaction takes place and where most organelles are
located
- Every cell has a nucleus. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic information and ultimately
controls all cellular activities.
(b) (i)
Organelles are tiny structures within a cell
They are structures bounded by a membrane
Each organelle performs a specialised function
(ii) The organelle is the Golgi apparatus. It consists of a stack of flattened membranous sacs lined
with smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
(iii)
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the production of glycoproteins
It is also responsible in the production of secretory enzymes
The Golgi apparatus also functions to transport and store lipids.
It is also responsible for the formation of lysosomes
(c) Animal and plant cells are similar in the sense that they both have plasma membranes,
cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and nuclei bounded
by nuclear membranes.
Animal cell
Plant cell
Does not have a cell wall
Cellulose cell wall present
Cytoplasma present throughtout the cell Cytoplasm normally confined to a thin
layer at the edge of the cell
Vacuoles, if present are small and
Has one or a few large vacuoles filled
scattered throughout the cell
with cell sap
Its nucleus can be anywhere inside the Its nucleus is normally at the edge of the
cell, but it is often in the middle of the
cell
cell
Centrioles absent
Centrioles present
Contains chroloplasts
Does not contain chloroplasts