Disease

Tooth decay (dental caries)

Periodontal Disease
Trench Mouth
Gastritis
Cold sores (Fever Blisters)
Mumps
Cholera
Shigellosis (Dysentery)
Travelers Diarrhea

Salmonellosis

Typhoid Fever
Campylobacteriosis
Norovirus (Norwalk Virus)
Rotavirus

Hepatitis A (HAV)

Hepatitis B (HBV)

Hepatitis C (HCV)

Hepatitis D (HDV)

Hepatitis E (HEV)

Hepatitis G (HGV)
Giardiasis

Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery)

Cryptosporidium

Tapeworms

Chinese Liver Fluke

Intestinal Fluke

Blood Fluke

Lung Fluke

Nematodes (Pinworms)

Trichuris trichiura whipworm

Necator americanus
hookworm

Trichinella spiralis trichinella

Cause
Poor dental care, Low Flouride
Bacterial species (Porphyromonas gingivalis), Release of
enzymes which cause weakening of gingival tissue
Caused by a large number of spirochetes of the Treponema
and Fusobacterium species
Caused by Helicobacter pylori (It is acidophilic and urease
positive)
Herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) - DNA virus
Infection of the parotid glands (Parotitis)
Vibrio cholera (Bacteria), fecally contaminated water

Primarily caused by Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri,

and Shigella sonnei
Caused by Escherichia coli

The most common cause is Salmonella enteritidis

Caused by Salmonella typhi

Campylobacter jejuni
Food poisoning, and Calicivirus.
Most cases of viral gastroenteritis in infants and children

Eating food handled by someone with the virus who doesn't

thoroughly wash his or her hands after using the toilet.
Drinking contaminated water.

Only treatment for acute infections is rest along with high

carb/high protein diet to repair damaged liver cells; chronic
patients may be given interferon

Common cause of liver inflammation, liver disease, and liver

cancer
Abusing intravenous (IV) or injection drugs.
Being infected while pregnant (the mother can pass the virus
to the baby)
Liver disease caused by the hepatitis E virus: a nonenveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded ribonucleic acid
(RNA) virus
Caused by a specific virus (HGV)
Giardia lamblia

Caused by Entamoeba histolytica

Cryptosporidium parvum. Usually when agricultural run-off

has contaminated a water supply

Ingestion of undercooked meat products

Eating raw or undercooked fish

Large intestinal parasite acquired by ingesting the larval form

of the worm encysted on unwashed plants
Group of chronic disorders caused by small, parasitic
flatworms (family Schistosomatidae) commonly called blood
flukes.

Consuming of infected Shellfish

Consuming of infected food

Poor Sanitation

Walking barefoot on contaminated ground

Eating undercooked meats such as pork

Symptoms
Toothache, Sensitivity of hot & cold temperature,
sweet and pressure
Bad breath, bleeding of gums, loosening of tooth
Receding of teeth (Pyorrhea), crater-like ulcers in
mouth, fever
Peptic or duodenal ulcers or both
Whitlows a deep and extremely painful,
localized finger infection
Fever, headache, sore throat
Low blood pressure
Thirst.
Muscle cramps.
fever, inflammation of the gut wall, profuse
diarrhea often containing blood & mucus
Diarrhea

abdominal cramps, and diarrhea lasting 4-7 days

high fever, malaise, stomach pains, loss of
appetite
Diarrhea
Nausea, vomiting, watery Diarrhea
Vomiting and a slight fever followed shortly by
Profuse, watery Diarrhea
Loss of appetite.
Fatigue.
Mild fever.
Muscle or joint aches.
Nausea and vomiting.
Abdominal pain.

Symptoms are similar to many viruses but do

include anorexia, jaundice, tender swollen liver,
coke-colored urine, and clay-colored stool
Feeling very tired.
Sore muscles.
Joint pain.

Magnifies the symptoms of HBV

Similar to HAV

Similar to HAV
Indigestion, nausea, diarrhea with a floating stool

Loose stools, stomach pain, and stomach

cramping.

Fever, loss of appetite, nausea, crampy abdominal

pain

Upset stomach, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia

Biliary inflammation/obstruction and liver damage

can occur from chronic infections

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, malabsorption and

toxemia
Rash, itchy skin, fever, chills, cough and muscle
aches

The initial signs and symptoms may be diarrhea

and abdominal pain. This may be followed several
days later by fever, chest pain, and fatigue. The
symptoms may also include a dry cough initially,
which later often becomes productive with rustycolored or blood-tinged sputum on exertion. The
symptoms of paragonimiasis can be similar to
those of tuberculosis.

Itchiness
Cause bloody diarrhea and iron-deficiency anemia

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal

discomfort

Muscle pain especially when breathing and

chewing

Treatment
Depends on severity. If you have cavity, filling is the treatment, if badly
decayed may need to be replaced by artificial tooth/teeth
Surgery such as: Flap surgery, bone grafts, soft tissue grafts
Antibiotics, professional cleaning from a dentist
Taking antacids and other drugs (such as proton pump inhibitors or H-2
blockers)
Medicines that contain numbing agents such as phenol and menthol to
reduce cracking and soften scabs
You do not usually need any treatment if your symptoms are mild.
Paracetamol or ibuprofen can ease fever and pain.
Antibiotics, Zinc supplements
Azithromycin (Zithromax)
ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
co-trimoxazole (Bactrim)
Drink boiled water, use oral rehydration solutions.
Rehydration with intravenous fluids. Antibiotic therapy can prolong the
duration of excretion of non-typhoidal Salmonella and is recommended
only for patients with severe illness
Antibiotics
Drink plenty of fluids
Drink plenty of liquids to replace fluid lost from throwing up and Diarrhea
Oral rehydration solution is highly recommended for mild to moderate
dehydration.

No specific treatment as it will often resolve itself spontaneously; patient

should, however, abstain from drugs and alcohol during this time

Liver transplant, Antiviral medications. Several antiviral medications

including lamivudine (Epivir), adefovir (Hepsera), telbivudine (Tyzeka)
and entecavir (Baraclude) can help fight the virus and slow its ability
to damage your liver.

Treatment involves administration of both interferon & ribavirin

No effective treatments yet

No effective treatments yet

No effective treatments yet

Antibiotic therapy. Metronidazole is the most commonly prescribed
antibiotic for this condition.
It is usually advised that you should be treated with medication to kill
the parasite. Diloxanide furoate is commonly used. Treatment is advised
because you can still pass on the infection to others even if you have no
symptoms. The amoebae will still pass out in your stools. Also, you may
still develop symptoms at a later stage.

The following specialists should be consulted:

Infectious disease specialist - For consideration of antiparasitic and
antiretroviral therapy
Gastroenterologist - For ERCP and sphincterotomy; endoscopy is
sometimes required for diagnosis
General surgeon - For suspected acalculous cholecystitis
Oral medications that are toxic to the adult tapeworm, including:
Praziquantel (Biltricide)
Albendazole (Albenza)
Nitazoxanide (Alinia)
Praziquantel or albendazole are the drugs of choice to eliminate the
infection.

Praziquantel is the only medicine recommended

Praziquantel is the recommended treatment against all forms of

schistosomiasis.

Praziquantel that is effective for treatment of this infection in the lungs.

The usual treatment course is two days. Another prescription drug,
Bithionol, is also effective.

Albendazole (Albenza) is the most common treatment for pinworms.

Treatment is a single tablet, which kills the worms.
No effective treatment yet

Anthelminthic medications (drugs that rid the body of parasitic worms),

such as albendazole and mebendazole, are the drugs of choice for
treatment of hookworm infections.

Within 1 week of ingestion of contaminated meat, administer

albendazole (5 mg/kg/d for 1 wk), mebendazole (5 mg/kg/d for 8-14 d),
or thiabendazole (25 mg/kg/d for 8-14 d).
This drug is effective against worms limited to the intestinal lumen.
The goal is to prevent systemic invasion.

Contagious or Not

Type of Transmission

Not Contagious

N/A

Technically may not be

contagious

Bacteria that cause the inflammatory reaction can be

spread through saliva.

Not Contagious

N/A

Contagious

Direct and indirect contact, usually by the fecal oral

route.

Contagious

By close physical contact with saliva or the lesions

Contagious

by direct contact or by inhaled respiratory droplets

by direct contact or by inhaled respiratory droplets

Contagious

Contagious
Contagious
Contagious from several days
to several weeks after they've
been infected
Contagious
Contagious

V. cholera is acquired via fecal-oral transmission

Fecal-oral route
Spread by eating food or drinking water that is
contaminated or through person-to-person contact due to
poor hygiene.
Eating raw or undercooked food products

Fecal-oral route of transmission; attacks the small

intestine
Fecal-oral route of transmission

Contagious

Fecal-oral route or from eating shellfish

Contagious

Fecal-oral route

Contagious

Fecal-oral route

Contagious
Via blood and body fluids with a small infectious dose

Contagious

Via blood or body fluids

Contagious

Via blood or body fluids

Contagious

Fecal-oral route

Contagious

Transmitted by sharing personal items contaminated

with the virus

Contagious

Fecal-oral route usually via contaminated drinking water

Contagious

Occurs by eating food that is contaminated with feces

(stool) from an infected person or drinking water
containing amoebic cysts.

Contagious

Parasites, that can live in the intestine of humans and

animals and is passed in the stool of an infected person
or animal.

Technically may not be

contagious. But eating of
contamined food can be
transmitted

Fecal-oral route

Not directly contagious from

person to person

N/A

Contagious

Not directly contagious from

person to person

Not directly contagious from

person to person

Contagious
Not that severe, but yes in
poor sanitary conditions
where eggs can be ingested.

Eating raw or undercooked fish

Acquired when the person comes into contact with the

larva which penetrates hair follicles

When a person consumes infected shellfish; larva enter

the bloodstream and move to the lungs

Fecal-oral route and occasional airborne

Fecal-oral route

coming into contact with soil that contains their eggs or

larvae. The larvae enter your skin, travel through your
bloodstream, and enter your lungs. They also travel to
Not directly contagious from
your windpipe and are carried to your small intestine
person to person
when you swallow. Fully grown, they can live in your
small intestine for a year or more before passing through
your feces.

Not directly contagious from

person to person

Fecal-oral route