A.Y.

: 2013 - 14
K L University
Vaddeswaram, 522502
B.Tech
2

nd

Year/Semester-I

Course Handout

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Course Name
Course Code
Course Coordinator
Course Structure (LTP)
Credits
Team Members

:
:
:
:
:
:

Electrical Power Generation and Distribution

11 EE 203
Mr. D. Seshi Reddy
310
4
Dr. M. Uma Vani,
Mr. K V GopalaChary

7. Course Description
Electricity is modern societys most convenient and useful form of energy. The ever
increasing use of electrical power for domestic, commercial and industrial purposes
necessitates the generation of bulk electric power economically. This course offers an
in-depth knowledge of various methods of electrical power generation along with its
economical aspects. It also gives an insight into the various aspects of electrical
power distribution to the end consumers with better quality of power. The course also
describes the necessity and functioning of a substation in a power system.

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
8. Program Outcomes
Program Outcome
Apply knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and
an engineering specialization to the conceptualization of engineering
1

models.
Selected as power generation process and the concepts of economic aspects are
addressed

using

the

application

of

mathematics,

science

engineering

fundamentals.
Identify, formulate, research literature and solve complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
2

mathematics and engineering sciences.

Selected as the power system economic aspects and distribution systems
complexity is reduced by solving engineering problems.
Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design systems,
components or processes that meet specified needs with appropriate
consideration

for

public

health

and

safety,

cultural,

societal,

and

environmental considerations.
Selected as the real time power engineering design problems with public
constraints are addressed by the application of basic and fundamental concepts of
the course.
Conduct investigations of complex problems including design of
experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of

information to provide valid conclusions.

Selected as investigations for new era is carried with the interpretation of existing
data and practical constraints.
Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering

tools,

including

prediction

and

modeling,

to

complex

engineering activities, with an understanding of the limitations.

Selected as distributor is designed for the uniform voltage supply at the consumer
terminals.
Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams

and in multi-disciplinary settings.

Not selected as this course will not allow the students to work in multidisciplinary
activities.
Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as being able to comprehend and write

effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and

give and receive clear instructions.
Not selected as there are no special communication issues pursued by individual
as per well defined procedures.
Demonstrate understanding of the societal, health, safety, legal and
cultural

issues

and

the

consequent

responsibilities

relevant

to

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
engineering practice.
Selected as precautionary measures to be understood by the student while
working in power stations, substations and etc.
Understand and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of
9

engineering practice.
Not selected since this course doesnt have any engineering practice at this level.
Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a societal context and

10

demonstrate knowledge of and need for sustainable development.

Selected as there is a lot of development is required in existing power system to
meet the future demand in economic manner.
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of management and business

11

12

practices, such as risk and change management, and understand their limitations.
Not selected as the activities related to this course do not involve addressing any
issue related to management and business practice.
Recognize the need for, and have the ability to engage in independent
and life-long learning.
Selected as concepts learned in this course may applied to various electrical
engineering applications in future.

9. Cognitive Processes associated with the course

S.
No

Cognitive
Level

Selected/
NotSelected

Explanation for selection and non-selection

based on the nature of the course and
instructors preferences

Remember

Selected

Students need to remember basic concepts and

formulae for analysis.

Understand

Selected

Students need to understand the power generation

processes, economic aspects and voltage drop
calculations.

Apply

Selected

Students need to apply voltage, current division

rules and other procedure to obtain the solutions.

Analyze

Selected

Students need to analyze affects due to load and

power generation fluctuations.

Evaluate

Selected

Students need to evaluate different

distribution
systems with respect to voltage drop calculations
and judge the best distribution system

Create

Selected

Student will create or modify the existing power

network by applying previous knowledge.

10. Categories of Knowledge associated with Engineering Courses:

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
S.
No

Knowledge
Category

Selected/
NotSelected

Explanation for selection and non-selection

based on the nature of the course and
instructors preferences

Factual

Selected

Students acquire factual knowledge from the basic

and fundamental concepts.

Conceptual

Selected

Students acquire conceptual knowledge from the

application of basic and fundamental principles.

Procedural

Selected

Students obtain this knowledge from the operational

procedures of power stations, substations and also
by solving problems.

4
5

Fundamenta
l Design
Concepts
Criteria and
Specification
s

Selected
Selected

Students
acquire
this
knowledge
from
the
constructional
details
of
power
plants
and
substations.
Students acquire this knowledge by solving real time
problems and from ratings of the various
components used.
While Analyzing the design of power plants,
substations and distribution networks, students were
exposed to different practical constraints.

Practical
Constraints

Selected

Design
Instrumenta
lities

Selected

Students obtain design concepts by analyzing

distribution networks and substation layouts.

Meta
cognitive

Not
selected

Students will not learn any modeling concepts.

11. Taxonomy Table: Selected Cognitive Level Knowledge Matrix.

Knowledge
Categories
Factual
Conceptual
Procedural
Fundamental
Design Concepts

Remember

Cognitive Levels
Understand
Apply
Analyze
X

X
X

Criteria and
Specifications

Practical
Constraints

Design
Instrumentalities

Meta-cognitive

Evaluate
X
X
X

Create
X
X
X

12. Competencies: At the end of the course the student should be able to

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
Competency

POs Levels

Understand the process of electrical power generation

using hydro, thermal, nuclear power plants and principles
of operation of solar, wind and ocean wave energy power
plants (12)

PO1-3, PO3-2,
PO12-2

Understand the factors influence the economic aspects of

power generation (7)
Apply various tariffs for calculation of the electricity bills
paid by the consumer (5)
Analyze the performance of distribution systems (10)
Analyze outdoor substations, its functioning of various
accessories and layouts (4)

PO1-1, PO2-2,
PO3-2, PO4-2,
PO5-3, PO10-3,
PO12-3
PO1-1, PO2-1,
PO3-3, PO4-3,
PO5-3, PO12-3
PO1-1, PO2-2,
PO4-1, PO5-2,
PO12-3
PO12-3

Analyze gas insulated substations, its functioning of

various accessories and layouts (4)
Create a distribution system with a uniform voltage supply
for all consumers (3)

PO1-3, PO3-1,
PO8-1, PO12-3
PO1-1, PO2-1,
PO4-1, PO5-1,
PO10-2, PO12-1

13. Competencies in Taxonomy Table:

Knowledge
Categories
Factual
Conceptual

Remember
C1
C1

Procedural
Fundamental
Design Concepts
Criteria and
Specifications
Practical
Constraints

Understand
C1
C1,C2,
C3,C4,
C5,C6
C2

C1

Cognitive Levels
Apply
Analyze
C1

Evaluate

C2,C3,
C4

C1,C2,
C5

C4

C2,C3,
C4,C7

C2,C6

C4

Create

C1
C7
C1,C2,
C3

Design
Instrumentalities
Meta-cognitive

14. Competency Program Outcome Matrix

C1,C2,
C6
C5

C7

A.Y.: 2013 - 14

Competency
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7

1
3
1
1
1
3
1

2
2
1
2

3
2
2
3

Program outcomes
5
6
7
8
9

2
3
1

3
3
2

10

11

12
2
3
3
3
3
3
1

Note: 1-low; 2-Moderate; 3-High

15. Competencies, sub-competencies and Associated Taxonomy Table:
Competency

C1

POs-Levels

Understand the process of power

generation
using
hydro,
thermal,
nuclear power plants and principles of
operation of solar, wind and ocean wave
energy power plants (12)

PO1-3, PO3-2, PO12-2

Cognitive
level

Sub-Competency
C1.1

Analyze current power scenario in India(1)

Understand
Analyze

C1.2

Understand Layouts of various power plants

and its functionaries(8)

Remember
Understand

C1.3
C1.4

Understand the design constraints and

analyze suitable locations to establish solar,
wind and wave energy based power plants(1)
Understand the concepts of power generation
using wind, solar and wave energy(2)

Understand
Analyze
Remember
Understand

Knowledge
Categories
Factual,
Practical
Constraints
Factual,
Conceptual,
Fundamental
design concepts
Conceptual,
Practical
Constraints
Factual,
Conceptual

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories

Cognitive Levels
Remember

Understand
C1.1,C1.2,C1.
4

Factual

C1.2,C1.4

Conceptual

C1.2,C1.4

C1.2,C1.3,
C1.4

C1.2

C1.2

Fundamental
Design
Concepts
Practical
Constraints

C1.1,C1.3

Competency

Apply

Analyze

Evaluate

C1.1
C1.3

C1.1,C1,3

POs-Levels

Create

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
Understand the factors influence the
economic aspects of power generation
(7)

C2

PO1-1, PO2-2, PO3-2, PO4-2,

PO5-3, PO10-3, PO12-3
Cognitive
level

Sub-Competency
C2.1
C2.2

C2.3

C2.4

Understand the classification of loads and

load curves (1)
Understand the graphical representation
(Load, Load duration and Integrated load
duration curve) of loads which will helps to
operation of the power plant (1)
Understand the concepts of various factors
(Demand factor, load factor, Diversity factor
etc.) and their significance in economical
operation of power plant (4)
Apply the depreciation methods to find the
replacement
cost
of
the
equipment
(generator, transformer etc) (1)

Understand

Knowledge
Categories
Conceptual,
Procedural

Understand
Analyze

Conceptual,
Procedural

Understand
Analyze

Conceptual,
Practical
Constraints

Apply

Conceptual,
Procedural

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories

Cognitive Levels
Understand
C2.1,C2.2,
C2.3

Apply

Analyze

C2.4

C2.2,C2.3

Procedural

C2.1,C2.2

C2.4

C2.2

Practical
Constraints

C2.3

Conceptual

Remember

POs-Levels

Apply various tariffs for calculation of

the electricity bills paid by the consumer
(5)

PO1-1, PO2-1, PO3-3, PO4-3,

PO5-3, PO12-3
Cognitive
level

Sub-Competency
C3.1
C3.2
C3.3

Create

C2.3

Competency
C3

Evaluate

Understand the economical

influencing tariffs (1)

constraints

Understand

Understand the concepts of consumer based

tariffs based on KWH, CMD, KW (1)
Apply the concepts of tariffs to billing the
consumer based on their consumption (3)

Understand
Apply

Knowledge
Categories
Conceptual,
Practical
Constraints
Conceptual
Conceptual,
Procedural

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories
Conceptual

Cognitive Levels
Remember

Understand

Apply

C3.1,C3.2

C3.3

Procedural
Practical
Constraints

C3.3
C3.1

Analyze

Evaluate

Create

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
Competency
C4

POs-Levels

Analyze the performance of distribution

systems (10)

PO1-1, PO2-2, PO4-1, PO5-2,

PO12-3
Cognitive
Knowledge
level
Categories

Sub-Competency
C4.1
C4.2

C4.3

Understand the concepts of distribution

systems and their classification (1)
Apply current and voltage division rules to
estimate voltage drops in various DC
distribution systems (with concentrating and
non-concentrating loads) (7)
Apply phasor analysis to estimate voltage
drops in various AC distribution systems (with
concentrating and non-concentrating loads)
(2)

Understand

Conceptual

Apply

Conceptual,
Procedural

Apply
Evaluate

Conceptual,
Procedural

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories

Cognitive Levels
Remember

Understand

Apply

C4.1

C4.2,C4.3

C4.3

C4.2,C4.3

C4.3

Conceptual
Procedural

Analyze

Competency
C5

C5.2

Create

POs-Levels

Analyze
outdoor
substations,
functionaries and layouts (4)

its

Sub-Competency
C5.1

Evaluate

Understand outdoor substation layout (1)

Understand the functioning of outdoor
substation components (1)

PO12-3
Cognitive
level
Understand

Knowledge
Categories
Conceptual

Understand

Conceptual

C5.3

Analyze the significance of sequence of

elements in the outdoor substation (1)

Analyze

C5.4

Analyze the bus bar arrangements

satisfactory operation of substation (2)

Analyze

for

Conceptual,
Design
Instrumentalities
Design
Instrumentalities

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories
Conceptual
Design
Instrumentalities

Cognitive Levels
Remember

Understand
C5.1,C5.2

Apply

Analyze
C5.3
C5.3,C5.4

Evaluat
e

Create

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
Competency
C6

POs-Levels

Analyze gas insulated substations, its

functionaries and layouts (4)

PO1-3, PO3-1, PO8-1, PO12-3

Cognitive
level

Sub-Competency
C6.1
C6.2
C6.3
C6.4

Understand gas insulated substation layout

(1)
Understand the functioning of gas insulated
substation components (1)
Analyze the significance of sequence of
elements in the gas insulated substation (1)
Analyze
economical
and
environmental
conditions for Gas Insulated Substation and
Open Substation (1)

Knowledge
Categories

Understand

Conceptual

Understand

Conceptual

Analyze

Procedural

Analyze

Practical
Constraints

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories

Cognitive Levels
Remembe
r

Conceptual

Understan
d

Appl
y

Analyz
e

C6.3

Practical Constraints

C6.4

Competency

POs-Levels

Create a distribution system with a

uniform voltage supply (3)
Sub-Competency

C7.1
C7.2
C7.3

Creat
e

C6.1,C6.2

Procedural

C7

Evaluat
e

Collection of load information from various

consumers in specific standard (1)
Apply the concepts of voltage drop
calculation in specified distribution system
(1)
Restructure the system to obtain the optimal
voltage drops in distribution system (1)

PO1-1, PO2-1, PO4-1, PO5-1,

PO10-2, PO12-1
Cognitive
Knowledge
level
Categories
Criteria and
Analyze
specifications
Apply

Procedural

Create

Design
Instrumentalities

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies

Knowledge
Categories
Procedural
Criteria and
Specifications
Design
Instrumentalities

Remember

Cognitive Levels
Understand
Apply
Analyze
C7.2

Evaluate

Create

C7.1
C7.3

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
16. Time Table:

Days

9:0010:0
0

10-0010:20

10:20
11:20

BREAK

Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday

1:102:10
BREAK

Monday
Tuesday

11:20
12:20
EPGD

2:103:10

3:104:10

4:105:10

EPGD(T
)
EPGD

EPGD

17. Syllabus:
The growth of electrical power generation, transmission and distribution systems in
India. Typical layout of power system.
Hydro power stations: Layout of Hydro power stations-Brief description of Hydro
power station components: reservoir, dam, spillways, penstock, surge tank, draft tube,
governors. Different types of Hydraulic turbines, power calculations.
Thermal Power Stations: Layout of Thermal power stations, Line diagram of thermal
Power Station showing paths of coal, steam, water, air, ash and flue gasses.- Brief
description of Thermal power station components: Economizers, Boilers, Super heaters,
Turbines, Condensers, Chimney and Cooling towers.
Nuclear Power Stations: Selection of site, nuclear Fission and chain reaction: Nuclear
fuels.- Principle of operation of Nuclear reactor.-Reactor Components: Moderators,
Control rods, Reflectors and Coolants.- Radiation hazards: Shielding and Safety
precautions.- Types of Nuclear reactors and brief description of PWR, BWR and FBR.
Principles of electric power generation using renewable energy resources solar, wind,
ocean wave energy (qualitative treatment only).
Economic Aspects of Power Generation: Load curve, load duration and integrated
load duration curves-load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, capacity factor,
utilization factor and plant use factor, depreciation methods. Tariff Methods: Cost of
Generation and their division into Fixed, Semi-fixed and Running Costs. Flat Rate, BlockRate, two-part, threepart, and power factor tariff methods.
D.C. Distribution Systems: Classification of Distribution Systems- Comparison of DC vs
AC Distribution Systems- Requirements and Design features of Distribution SystemsVoltage Drop Calculations in D.C Distributors - Radial and Ring Main Distributor.
A.C. Distribution Systems: Voltage Drop Calculations in A.C. Distributors - Power
Factors referred to receiving end, Power Factors with respect to load points.

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
Substations: Classification of substations, Indoor & Outdoor substations: Substation
layout showing the location of all the substation equipment. Bus bar arrangements in the
substations: Simple arrangements like single bus bar, sectionalized single bus bar, main
and transfer bus bar system with relevant diagrams. Introduction to Gas Insulated
Substations (GIS).
Text Books:
1. Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution by S.N.Singh., PHI, 2010.
2. Generation Distribution and Utilization of Electrical power by C.L. Wadhwa,
Revised edition, New Age International (P) LIMITED, Publishers 2006.
Reference Books:
1. Elements of Power Station design and practice by M.V. Deshpande, Wheeler
Publishing,1999.
2. Principles of Power Systems by V K Mehta and Rohit Mehta, 1st edn., S.CHAND &
COMPANY LTD., New Delhi 2009.
3. Gas Insulated Substations by M.S Naidu, International Publications Ltd., 2008.
18. Self Learning Topics :
S.No.

Topic

Source

Different types of Hydraulic turbines

R1

Fast Breeder Reactor

T1

Power generation by ocean wave energy

T2

Three part and power factor tariff method

R2

Ring main distributor

T1

Main and transfer busbar arrangement

R2

Gas Insulated Substation

R3

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
11. 19.

Session / Lesson Plan :

11.
S.
N
o.

12.
Sessi
on

15.

13.

Content
and Source

14.

Learni
ng Objective

Te
aching
Methodol
ogy

16.

F
aculty
Approa
ch

17.

S 18.
Le
tudent
arning
Approa Outcom
A.Y.: 2013 - 14
ch
e

22. Understan
21.

19. 20.
1

Know the
current status of
power sector in
India

29. Know about

the
generation
methods of
electrical
power

27. 28.
2

d
Organizati
on of
power
sector in
India
30. Understan
d the
methods
of power
generatio
n both
renewable
and nonrenewable

24. Facil
23.

PPT

itate
s

31. Chalk

32. Lect

and
talk

urin
g

25. List
en

26. Unde
rstan
d

34. Reme
33. List
en

mber
35. Lingu
istic

42. List

43. Unde

en
and
Prac
tice

rstan
d and
Analy
ze

50. List

51. Unde

en
and
Prac
tice

rstan
d and
Analy
ze

58. List

59. Unde

en
and
Prac
tice

rstan
d and
Analy
ze

66. List

67. Unde

en
and
Prac
tice

rstan
d and
Analy
ze

38. Study the

working
principle
and layout
of a Hydropower
station

36. 37.
3

39. Understan
d Hydro
power
generatio
n

40. Chalk
and
talk

41. Expl
anat
ion

47. Understan

46.
44. 45.
4

Study of
reservoir, dam,
spillways,
penstock

54. Study of
52. 53.
5

60. 61.
6

surge tank,
draft tube,
governors

62. Types of
Hydraulic
turbines

70. Study the

68. 69.
7

working of
Thermal

d the
functionin
g of
various
componen
ts of
Hydropower
station
55. Understan
d
concepts
related to
componen
ts of
Hydropower
station
63. Understan
d the
applicatio
ns of
Hydraulic
turbines
71. To
understan
d the
layout and
working of

48. Chalk
and
talk

56. Chalk
and
talk

49. Expl
anat
ion

57. Expl
anat
ion

65. Expl
64. PPT

anat
ion

74. List
73. Expl
72. PPT

anat

en
and

75. Unde
rstan

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
12. 20. Evaluation Scheme:
13.
14. Nature 15. M
16. Type of examination
of
ar
and mode of
examina
ks
Assessment
tion
%
21. Test 1
20. 20
26. Test - 2

19. 40 30. 5
18.

Theory

49. 60

31. Assignment Test

35. 5

36. Home
Assignments

40. 5

41. Surprise Quiz

45. 5

46. Attendance

50. Semester end

examination (external
evaluation)

17. Scheme of examination

22. 2 mid - exams each for 20 marks
and for 1 1/2 hr duration are to be
conducted. For a total of 20 marks,
75% of better of the two and 25% of
the other are added and reported.
32. 6 Questions to be released in
advance. 2 Questions allotted by
Examiners choice to be answered.
Duration 45 min.
37. Average of Home Assignments
minimum 2 per subject
42.

One surprise quiz per subject

47. 5
marks
are
allotted
for
attendance.
51. This examination question paper
in theory subjects will be for a
maximum of 60 marks.

52.
53. 21. Chamber Consultation hours:
54.
55.
Informed in the class by respective instructors
56.
57. 22. Notices:
a. Each student is required to attend all classes regularly and has to complete all
the work assigned for the course.
b. Instructors of courses are not obligated to provide make-up opportunities for
students who are absent, unless the absence has been officially approved. An
officially approved absence, however, merely gives the individual who missed the
class an opportunity to make up the work and in no way excuses him from the
work.
c. Re-conduction of tests will not be entertained, whatever may be the reason.
Submission of home assignments after the deadline will not be either accepted or
awarded any marks.
d. All students in the class must treat others with civility and respect and conduct
themselves during class sessions in a way that does not unreasonably interfere
with the opportunity of other students to learn. Failure to comply with this
requirement may result in points being deducted from a students final numerical
average / soft skills.
e. The permissions (participation of Events) granted by the authority will be
accepted with the prior intimation to the course instructor by submitting the
permission requisition letter.

A.Y.: 2013 - 14
f.

The students who came late to the class will not be entertained for attendance

under any kind circumstances.

58.
59. 23. Signature of the Course Coordinator :
60.
61.
62. 24. Signature of the Group Head
:
63.
64.
65. 25. Signature of the HOD
:
66.
67.
68.

69.