Exercise 1: Analysis of a Fixed Beam Using STAAD

Qn: Analyze the given structure using STAAD software.

Aim: To find the reactions at the supports and draw the bending moment and shear force diagram
using STAAD.
Tools Required: STAAD Pro Software, Microsoft Word Software, Paint Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. STAAD software is started.
2. A new project is started with units m & KN and structure type as Plane.
3. The given structure is drawn in the workspace using the graphical user interface of the
software.
4. An arbitrary concrete section is assigned to the members drawn.
5. Supports are specified for the structure.
6. Pre-analysis print options were selected suitably.
7. Loading is defined in a single load case.
8. Perform analysis command was given
9. Post analysis print options were selected suitably.
10. The file was saved and run analysis command was executed.
11. It is made sure that there is no error is indicated in the output window.
12. Post processing mode was selected.
13. The results were properly arranged using the tools.
14. Printout was taken.
Results:
1. Reaction at support A
=
2. Reaction at support B
=
3. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 1 of 22

Exercise 2: Analysis of a Propped Cantilever Beam Using STAAD

Qn: Analyze the given structure using STAAD software.

Aim: To find the reactions at the supports and draw the bending moment and shear force diagram
using STAAD.
Tools Required: STAAD Pro Software, Microsoft Word Software, Paint Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. STAAD software is started.
2. A new project is started with units m & KN and structure type as Plane.
3. The given structure is drawn in the workspace using the graphical user interface of the
software.
4. An arbitrary concrete section is assigned to the members drawn.
5. Supports are specified for the structure.
6. Pre-analysis print options were selected suitably.
7. Loading is defined in a single load case.
8. Perform analysis command was given
9. Post analysis print options were selected suitably.
10. The file was saved and run analysis command was executed.
11. It is made sure that there is no error is indicated in the output window.
12. Post processing mode was selected.
13. The results were properly arranged using the tools.
14. Printouts were taken.
Results:
4. Reaction at support A
=
5. Reaction at support B
=
6. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 2 of 22

Exercise 3. Analysis of a Continuous Beam Using STAAD

Qn: Analyze the given structure using STAAD software.

Aim: To find the reactions at the supports and draw the bending moment and shear force diagram
using STAAD.
Tools Required: STAAD Pro Software, Microsoft Word Software, Paint Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. STAAD software is started.
2. A new project is started with units m & KN and structure type as Plane.
3. The given structure is drawn in the workspace using the graphical user interface of the
software.
4. An arbitrary concrete section is assigned to the members drawn.
5. Supports are specified for the structure.
6. Pre-analysis print options were selected suitably.
7. Loading is defined in a single load case.
8. Perform analysis command was given
9. Post analysis print options were selected suitably.
10. The file was saved and run analysis command was executed.
11. It is made sure that there is no error is indicated in the output window.
12. Post processing mode was selected.
13. The results were properly arranged using the tools.
14. Printout was taken.
Results:
1. Reaction at support

A
= ...,
B
=..
C
= ,
D
=..
2. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 3 of 22

Exercise 4 Analysis of a Continuous Beam Using STAAD

Qn: Analyze the given structure using STAAD software.

Aim: To find the reactions at the supports and draw the bending moment and shear force diagram
using STAAD.
Tools Required: STAAD Pro Software, Microsoft Word Software, Paint Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. STAAD software is started.
2. A new project is started with units m & KN and structure type as Plane.
3. The given structure is drawn in the workspace using the graphical user interface of the
software.
4. An arbitrary concrete section is assigned to the members drawn.
5. Supports are specified for the structure.
6. Pre-analysis print options were selected suitably.
7. Loading is defined in a single load case.
8. Perform analysis command was given
9. Post analysis print options were selected suitably.
10. The file was saved and run analysis command was executed.
11. It is made sure that there is no error is indicated in the output window.
12. Post processing mode was selected.
13. The results were properly arranged using the tools.
14. Printouts were taken.
Results:
1. Reaction at support

A
= ...,
B
=..
C
= ,
D
=..
2. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 4 of 22

Exercise 5: Analysis of a Single storied 2D Portal Frame Using STAAD

Qn: Analyze the given structure using STAAD software.
Aim: To find the reactions at the supports and draw the
bending moment and shear force diagram using STAAD.
Tools Required: STAAD Pro Software, Microsoft Word
Software, Paint Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. STAAD software is started.
2. A new project is started with units m & KN and
structure type as Plane.
3. The given structure is drawn in the workspace using
the graphical user interface of the software.
4. An arbitrary concrete section is assigned to the
members drawn.
5. Supports are specified for the structure.
6. Pre-analysis print options were selected suitably.
7. Loading is defined in a single load case.
8. Perform analysis command was given
9. Post analysis print options were selected suitably.
10. The file was saved and run analysis command was executed.
11. It is made sure that there is no error is indicated in the output window.
12. Post processing mode was selected.
13. The results were properly arranged using the tools.
14. Printouts were taken.
Results:
1. Reaction at support A
=
2. Reaction at support D
=
3. Shear force and bending moment diagrams are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 5 of 22

Exercise 6: Analysis of a Double storied 2D Portal Frame Using STAAD

Qn: Analyze the given structure using STAAD software.
Aim: To find the reactions at the supports and draw the
bending moment and shear force diagram using STAAD.
Tools Required: STAAD Pro Software, Microsoft Word
Software, Paint Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. STAAD software is started.
2. A new project is started with units m & kN and
structure type as Plane.
3. The given structure is drawn in the workspace
using the graphical user interface of the
software.
4. An arbitrary concrete section is assigned to the
members drawn.
5. Supports are specified for the structure.
6. Pre-analysis print options were selected suitably.
7. Loading is defined in a single load case.
8. Perform analysis command was given
9. Post analysis print options were selected
suitably.
10. The file was saved and run analysis command
was executed.
11. It is made sure that there is no error is indicated in the output window.
12. Post processing mode was selected.
13. The results were properly arranged using the tools.
14. Printout were taken.
Results:
1. Reaction at support A
=
2. Reaction at support D
=
3. Shear force and Bending moment diagrams are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 6 of 22

Exercise 7: Introduction to AutoCAD Drawing Tools

Qn. Describe the basic drawing commands available in AutoCAD.
Aim: To study how to use the basic drawing features and commands in AutoCAD
Description of Tools: The basic commands used in AutoCAD for drawing are Line, Circle Arc,
Polyline Multiline, Polygon, Rectangle, Spline and Ellipse. Example sample sequence of each of the
command is described below.
Line: is a geometrical object that is straight, infinitely long and infinitely thin. Its location is defined
by two or more points on the line whose coordinates are known.
Circle: is a line forming a closed loop, every point on which is a fixed distance from a center point.
Arc: is defined as a portion of the circumference of a circle.
Poly Line: In AutoCAD polylines differ from lines in that they are more complex objects. A single
Polyline can be composed of a number of straight-line or arc segments. Polylines can also
be given line widths to make them appear solid.
Multi Line: Multilines are complex lines that consist of between 1 and 16 parallel lines, known as
elements. The default multiline style has just two elements but additional styles of an almost
endless variety can be created. The Multiline Style command enables you to create new
multiline styles by adding line elements, changing the colour and line type of elements,
adding end caps and the option of displaying as a solid colour.
Polygon: is a number of coplanar line segments, each connected end to end to form a closed shape.
Rectangle: is a 4-sided polygon where all interior angles are 90
Spline: A spline is a smooth curve that is fitted along a number of control points.
Ellipse: is defined as a curve for which the sum of the distances from each point on the curve to two
fixed points is equal

Result: Use and methods of use of the basic drawing commands were practiced.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 7 of 22

Exercise 8: Introduction to AutoCAD Modifying Tools

Qn. Describe the basic modify tools available in AutoCAD.
Aim: To study the basic modify features in AutoCAD
Description of Modify Tools:
ERASE: The command erases (deletes) any selected object(s) from the drawing.
Copy: The Copy command can be used to create one or more duplicates of any drawing object or
objects which have been previously created.
Mirror: The Mirror command allows to selected objects in the drawing by picking them and then
defining the position of an imaginary mirror line using two points.
Offset: The Offset command creates a new object parallel to or concentric with a selected object. The
new object is drawn at a user defined distance (the offset) from the original and in a direction chosen
by the user with a pick point.
Array: The Array command makes multiple copies of selected objects in a rectangular matrix
(columns and rows) or a polar (circular) pattern.
Move: The Move command works in a similar way to the Copy command except that no copy is
made, the selected object(s) is simply moved from one location to another.
Rotate: The Rotate command allows an object or objects to be rotated about a point selected by the
user
Scale: The Scale command can be used to change the size of an object or group of objects.
Stretch: The Stretch command can be used to move one or more vertices of an object while leaving
the rest of the object unchanged.
Lengthen: The Lengthen command is used to either lengthen or shorten Lines, Arcs, open Polylines,
elliptical Arcs and open Splines without the use of cutting or boundary edges.
Trim: The Trim command is used to trim a part of an object.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 8 of 22

Extend: This command extends a line, Polyline or arc to meet another drawing object (known as the
boundary edge).
Break: The Break command enables you to break (remove part of) an object by defining two break
points.
Chamfer: The Chamfer command enables to create a chamfer between any two non-parallel lines.
Fillet: Fillet command allows to draw an arc between two intersecting lines or adjacent Polyline
segments.
Result: Use and methods of use of the basic modify commands were practiced.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 9 of 22

Exercise 09: AutoCAD Drawing: Foundation

Qn: Draw typical cross sections of a continuous footing and an isolated column footing using
AutoCAD.
Aim: To draw typical cross sections of a continuous footing and an isolated column footing is using
AutoCAD.
Tools Required: AutoCAD Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. AutoCAD program was started.
2. Necessary unit and drawing area were set.
3. Necessary drawing limits were set.
4. Necessary layers were created.
5. Line types and weights were assigned to corresponding layers.
6. The drawing was prepared using the tools available in the AutoCAD and print out was taken.
Result:
1. Print out of the required drawing is attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 10 of 22

Exercise 10: AutoCAD Drawing: Stairs

Qn: Draw plan and typical cross sections of different types of staircases using AutoCAD.
Aim: To draw plan and typical cross sections of different types of staircases using AutoCAD.
Tools Required: AutoCAD Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. AutoCAD program was started.
2. Necessary unit and drawing area were set.
3. Necessary drawing limits were set.
4. Necessary layers were created.
5. Line types and weights were assigned to corresponding layers.
6. The drawing was prepared using the tools available in the AutoCAD and print out was taken.
Result:
1. Print out of the required drawing is attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 11 of 22

Exercise 11: AutoCAD Drawing: Lintels and Chejja

Qn: Draw plan and typical cross sections of an RCC Lintel and Chejja using AutoCAD.
Aim: To draw plan and typical cross sections of an RCC Lintel and Chejja using AutoCAD.
Tools Required: AutoCAD Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. AutoCAD program was started.
2. Necessary unit and drawing area were set.
3. Necessary drawing limits were set.
4. Necessary layers were created.
5. Line types and weights were assigned to corresponding layers.
6. The drawing was prepared using the tools available in the AutoCAD and print out was taken.
Result:
1. Print out of the required drawing is attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 12 of 22

Exercise 12: AutoCAD Drawing: RCC Slabs and Beams

Qn: Draw plan and typical cross sections of an RCC Slab and Beam.
Aim: To draw plan and typical cross sections of an RCC Slab and Beam using AutoCAD.
Tools Required: AutoCAD Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. AutoCAD program was started.
2. Necessary unit and drawing area were set.
3. Necessary drawing limits were set.
4. Necessary layers were created.
5. Line types and weights were assigned to corresponding layers.
6. The drawing was prepared using the tools available in the AutoCAD and print out was taken.
Result:
1. Print out of the required drawing is attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 13 of 22

Exercise 13: AutoCAD Drawing: Residential Building

Qn: Draw plan, elevation, cross section and excavation plans of the given single line diagram.
Aim: To draw plan, elevation and cross section of the given single line diagram AutoCAD.
Tools Required: AutoCAD Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. AutoCAD program was started.
2. Necessary unit and drawing area were set.
3. Necessary drawing limits were set.
4. Necessary layers were created.
5. Line types and weights were assigned to corresponding layers.
6. The drawing was prepared using the tools available in the AutoCAD and print out was taken.
Result:
1. Print out of the required drawing is attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 14 of 22

Exercise 14: AutoCAD Drawing: Public Building

Qn: Draw plan, elevation, cross section and excavation plan of the given single line diagram.
Aim: To draw plan, elevation, cross section and excavation plan of the given single line diagram
AutoCAD.
Tools Required: AutoCAD Software, Printer
Procedure:
1. AutoCAD program was started.
2. Necessary unit and drawing area were set.
3. Necessary drawing limits were set.
4. Necessary layers were created.
5. Line types and weights were assigned to corresponding layers.
6. The drawing was prepared using the tools available in the AutoCAD and print out was taken.
Result:
1. Print out of the required drawing is attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 15 of 22

Exercise 15: Excel Application: SFD and BMD

Qn: Analyse the given structures for SF and BM and draw corresponding diagrams.

Aim: To draw SFD and BMD for the given structures.

Tools Required: Excel Software, Printer
Principle: The following formulae may be adopted for the creation of SF and BM datasets.
Structure

Shear force at x

BM at x

Procedure:
1. Excel program was started.
2. The given structure is split into a number of segments lengthwise and SF and BM were calculated
at each distance.
3. An XY scatter diagram was plotted to get the SFD and BMD.
4. Taken out the prints.
Result: SFD and BMD are drawn and printouts are attached.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 16 of 22

Exercise 16: Excel Application: Design of Singly Reinforced Beam

Qn: Design a rectangular beam to resist a bending moment equal to 45kNm using M15 mix and Fe
415 grade steel.
Aim: To design a singly reinforced beam section to resist the moment given.
Tools Required: Excel Software, Printer
Solution:
Design of A Singly Reinforced Beam
Step
Formulae
Value
Effective Span
L
6
Span to effective depth ratio L/d
20
Effective Depth
d=span/20
0.3
b/d Ratio
b/d
0.5
Breadth
b=MAX(C4*C5,0.20)
0.2
Cover
c
0.05
Overall Depth
D
0.35
xu
xu/d =0.48
0.144
Weight Density of Concrete
25
Self Weight/m run
bxDx
1.75
Live Load
LL
3
Total Load
TL = Self Weight + LL
4.75
Factored Load
FL= 1.5 x TL
7.125
Factored BM
FL x L x L/8
32.0625

Check for 'd'

Ast
A0
Area of steel Provided

FM=0.138 x fck x b x
dxd
Sufficient or not
0.36 fck b xu/0.87 fy
.85 b d / fy
min (Ast, A0)

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 17 of 22

0.24101
OK
574.325
122.892
574.325

Unit & Remarks

m, given
From Code
m
Assumed
m
m
m
m
kN/Cu.m
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
kNm
m
Sq. mm
Sq. mm
Sq. mm

Bar calculator
Bar Diameter in mm

Area of One Bar

6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
25
28
30
32
36
40
Total Area

113.04
200.96
314
452.16
615.44
803.84
1017.36
1256
1519.76
1962.5
2461.76
2826
3215.36
4069.44
5024

Result;
b of beam provided
D of beam provided
Area of steel Provided

=
=
=

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 18 of 22

No of
Bars

Total Area

0
0
628
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
628

Exercise 17: Excel Application: Computation of Earthwork

Qn: A railway embankment is to be formed with a width of 12.5 m at the formation level and a side
slope of 2:1. The ground levels at every 50m along the central line are as under
Distance

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

RL

154.8

155.5

156.2

156.8

157.5

157.3

157.2

157.9

158.3

The formation level at zero chainage is 157.0 and the embankment has a rising gradient of 1
in 100m. The ground is level across the central line. Calculate the volume of earthwork using both
trapezoidal and prismoidal rules.
Aim:

To tabulate the earthwork of a stretch having a level section by using a spread sheet
application.

Principle: The areas of cross sections may be calculated using the formula
A = (b + nh) h
where, b = width of base and
h = height of formation.
Trapezoidal Rule
V = d [(A1+A2)/2+ A2 + A3 + + An-1]
Prismoidal Rule
V = d/3[(A1 + A2) + 4(A2 + A4 +.. + An-1) + 2(A3 + A5 + An-2)]
Solution:
Sl
Width of Slope of Longitudinal
No formation formation Distance

Ground
Level

Formation
Level

Depth
of
filling

Area

A1
A2
.
.
.
A9

Result: Volume of earthwork using trapezoidal rule =

Volume of earthwork using prismoidal rule = ..

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 19 of 22

Exercise 18: Excel Application: Computation of Earthwork

Qn: Given below the figure of a plane of an excavation work. Calculate the volume of earth work
from the given data.

Point
Original Level
Final Level

A
106.2
104.5

B
106.5
104.6

C
107.1
105

D
108
105.4

E
108.1
105.3

F
107.1
104.9

G
106.9
104.7

H
107.5
105.2

Aim: To calculate the volume of earth work from the given data of spot levels.
Principle: Volume of Each Truncated Triangular Prism = Average Depth X Horizontal Area of each
Triangle.
Solution:
Point
Original Level
Final Level
Depth of Cutting
Sl.
No.

Prism

Depths of Corner Points

1
2
3

Average
Depth

Area

Result: Volume of Earthwork = ..

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 20 of 22

Volume

Exercise 19: Excel Application: Design of Horizontal Curve

Qn: Calculate necessary data using ordinate method at 10m intervals to set out a horizontal curve of
radius200. Given that the length of long chord is 80m.
Aim: To calculate the ordinates at 10 m interval from the long chord for the given horizontal curve.
Principle: The versine can be calculated which will give the mid ordinate using

.
Remaining ordinates are calculated for one half of the curve only since the curve will be symmetric
about its mid ordinate using

Solution:
x distance

Ordinate

O0 =
O10 =
.
.

Result: Necessary ordinates were calculated and an approximate plot is made using excel chart.

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 21 of 22

Exercise 20: Excel Application: Design of Super Elevation

Qn: Design the rate of super elevation for a horizontal highway curve of radius 220 m and speed 100
KMPH.
Aim: To prepare a programmed spread sheet to design the super elevation at a horizontal curve.
Solution: The scheme of formula writing is written below
Design of Super Elevation
Allowable Super Elevation

0.07

Allowable Coefficient of
Friction

.15

Design Speed

100

75% of Design Speed

= 75 % of Design Speed

Radius of Circular Curve

220

Super Elevation Calculated

= V2/225*R

Super Elevation to be
provided

SE Cal / 0.07 whichever is less

f = Friction Developed

F = V2/ 127 * R Allowable e

Sufficiency of Friction
Coefficient

F Developer should be less than

allowable friction

Allowable Speed

If f is not sufficient limit the

speed at curve by V = (27.94 *
R)

Result:
Super Elevation Provided

= ...

Speed limit proposed

Department of Civil Engineering, SMVITM. Bantakal

Page 22 of 22