Fibers Role in the Video

Security & Surveillance Network

Curt Carlson
Product Manager
Transition Networks

Agenda
Video technology overview
Typical video network architecture
Limitations of copper-based cabling in video systems
Benefits of fiber optic cabling
What is media conversion
Power over Ethernet (PoE) Technology
What about PoE with fiber?

Summary

Video Technology Overview

Analog Video
Optical transmitters modify signal output based on video content
Modifications include amplitude (AM) or frequency (FM)
Most commonly used for security and surveillance applications
Tried and true technology and still the lowest cost option today
80% + market share today for new installations

Video Technology Overview

Analog Video
Optical transmitters modify signal output based on video content
Modifications include amplitude (AM) or frequency (FM)
Most commonly used for security and surveillance applications
Tried and true technology and still the lowest cost option today
80% + market share today for new installations

IP Video
Video camera automatically encodes the video output into IP packets
Video output can be transmitted directly over a traditional Ethernet LAN
Power over Ethernet technology benefits
Gaining popularity in security and surveillance applications
Estimated to gain 50% + market share by 2010

Video Technology Overview

Security video cameras offered in one of
two formats:
Analog video
IP Video

Analog or IP video camera functionality falls

into two broad categories:
Fixed
Typically for entry doors, hallways, gates, etc.

Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ)
Typically used in retail, casinos, etc. where the ability to change
camera view is required and the cameras are actively
monitored/controlled

Typical Analog Video System

228 meter (750ft) distance limitation

on coaxial cabling runs

Typical IP Video System

100 meter (328ft) distance limitation

on all UTP cabling runs

Video Security & Surveillance Realities

Ever increasing reach of surveillance
Leading to quality, bandwidth, and transmission distance issues
Beyond the reach of traditional copper (coax or UTP) cabling
New camera locations may require new cabling

Many IP camera installations co-exist with analog

camera networks
Cabling mismatch if upgrading cameras
Extended reach of network beyond original design for new cameras

Copper-based cabling limitations

Limited transmission distances
Coaxial cable < 228 meters (750 ft.)
UTP cable < 100 meters (328 ft)
Requires more equipment or signal conditioning / amplification to
increase distance

Susceptible to electrical interference

Noise, high voltages and ground faults

Quality and security risks

Quality effected by distance and interference
Copper-based cabling easy to tap into

Fiber Cabling Benefits

Allows for extended transmission distances
Multimode cable < 2km (1.24 miles)
Single mode cable > 2km

Smaller size, less weight and better tensile strength

Easier installation when pulling through conduit or overhead cable trays

Usually existing as network backbone in vertical risers

and between buildings
Reduce cost by utilizing existing fiber infrastructure
Improve quality, bandwidth and distance of video system

Fiber Cabling Benefits

High degree of security difficult to tap into or interfere with
Immunity to electrical interference such as:
Electromagnetic interference (EMI)
Radio frequency interference (RFI)
High voltage interference caused by:
Fluorescent lights
Card access door strikes
Outdoor lighting systems

Induced voltages caused by ground potential differences between locations

Occurs in over 50% of all video security systems

Video Cabling Forecast

How to deploy fiber

Deploy new devices with fiber ports
Limited availability
Expensive

Copper-to-Fiber media converters

Proven technology
Allows the integration of fiber optic cabling in copper environments
Successfully used in LANs and WANs
Retail, Govt, Education, Enterprise, Service Providers, Industrial

What is Media Conversion Technology?

A media converter provides a link between different
types of media (or cabling) and
operates transparently to the network

Supported Media Types:

UTP
STP
MM fiber
SM fiber
Coax

Supported Communication Environments

LAN

TDM

Ethernet (10Mbps)
Fast Ethernet (100Mbps)
Ethernet & Fast Ethernet (10/100)
Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps)
Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, & Gigabit
Ethernet (10/100/1000)
802.3ah support
PoE
CWDM

T1/E1
DS3 - T3/E3
POTS

Serial

RS232 and RS485

High Speed Serial

Video

Analog Video
IP Video

Benefits of Media Conversion

Benefits of Fiber
Extend network distances
Protect data from noise and interference
Future proofing / bandwidth capacity

Benefits of Media Conversion

Protect investments in current hardware
Flexibility: Add fiber on a port-by-port basis
Save money

Enterprise Application

Media Conversion Review

Copper and Fiber can co-exist in most networks
Most protocols support copper to fiber conversion
Various form factors are available to fit any
application
Benefits of Media Conversion

Extend Distance
Reduce Electrical Interference
Protect Investments
Ease of Migration
Save Money

Fiber Integration In Analog Video Networks

PTZ Cameras

Fixed Cameras

Coax + Serial to Fiber

Analog Video + Data
Media Converters

Coax to Fiber
Analog Video
Media Converters

Multiplexer

VCR or DVR

Monitor

Controller

Fiber Integration In Analog Video Networks

PTZ Cameras

Fixed Cameras

Coax + Serial to Fiber

Analog Video + Data
Media Converters

Coax to Fiber
Analog Video
Media Converters

Multiplexer

VCR or DVR

Monitor

Controller

Fixed Analog Video Media Converters

Uni-directional video transmission
NTSC, PAL and SECAM compatibility
Compatible with all CCTV equipment
Real Time Full Color Video
Features
Link Pass Through
Automatic Gain Control
Transmitter & Receiver

Wide input power supply

Transmitter: 9 24 VAC; 9 40 VDC
Receiver: 9 16 VAC/DC

Fixed Analog Video Media Converters

Typical transmitter
Miniature stand-alone for space savings
Direct camera mount

Multiple receiver options

Miniature SA for space savings
Traditional size stand alone converter
Converter Rack mount options

Chassis Card
for central monitoring location for higher
density and the ability to monitor via SNMP
Single or Dual Receiver card

Analog Video + Data Media Converters

Conversion of analog unidirectional video to fiber

with unidirectional data over fiber
NTSC, PAL and SECAM compatibility
Compatible with all CCTV equipment

Real Time Full Color Video Transmission

Interfaces

BNC (RG59/RG6)
Fiber (MM or SM)
Data (Terminal block [RS232/422/485])

Features

Link Pass Through

Automatic Gain Control
Transmitter & Receiver

Wide input power supply

Transmitter: 9 24 VAC; 9 40 VDC
Receiver: 9 16 VAC/DC

V D

Analog Video + Data Media Converters

Typical transmitter
Miniature stand-alone for space savings
Direct camera mount

Multiple receiver options

Traditional size stand alone converter
Converter Rack mount options

Chassis Card
Chassis-based converters for central
monitoring location for higher density and
the ability to monitor via SNMP

V D

IP Video and
Power over Ethernet Technology
IEEE 802.3af = Power over Ethernet (PoE) specification
The ability of a device to transmit power as well as data on the UTP
cabling link to an end device (15.4 watts)
Typical end devices are IP cameras, wireless access points and IP
phones

IEEE 802.3at = Power over Ethernet Plus (PoE+) specification

24 Watts
More power for devices like PTZ IP Cameras

Backwards compatible with 802.3af equipment

Power over Ethernet Technology Enables IP Video

PoE greatly simplifies camera installation and is a huge benefit to IP network

camera installations vs. analog equivalent
No need for an electrician to install power receptacle in a difficult location
Saves time and $$$

Most IP cameras can be Powered Devices (PD) using PoE technology

Switches can be Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE)

PoE Injectors (also known as Midspan PSEs) simply insert power onto a CAT
5 Ethernet cable, without affecting the data.

Media Converters can be Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE)

PoE Media Converters, in addition to PoE Injectors, allow the addition of PoE
capability to existing CAT 5 Networks while also converting from Fiber.

Typical IP Video System w/ PoE switch

POE Network Switch

Switch with port-selectable

Power over Ethernet capability

100 meter (328ft) distance limitation

on all UTP cabling runs

Typical IP Video System w/ PoE Injectors

PoE Injectors

100 meter (328ft) distance limitation

on all UTP cabling runs still applies

Fiber Cabling and PoE

Can the benefits of fiber be realized while still taking
advantage of PoE?
PoE media converters can provide the data link as well as inject the power
onto the UTP interface to the camera, while providing the fiber link back to
the central location
100-240 VAC
power Input

LAN Data
Interface
-48VDC power Out

Fiber Integration in IP Video Networks

Traditional Ethernet
Media Converters

Fiber Optic
Cabling

PC Location #1

Fixed Cameras

PC Location #1

PoE Media Converters

Managed Media
Converter Chassis

Network Switch
DVR

Video
Server

Outdoor Applications

Typical temperature requirements: -40 to +75 degrees C

Enclosure mounting with no temperature control
Typically 100 230 VAC or 24 to 48 VDC
Serial interfaces most common today: RS232/422/485
E.g. NEMA-TS2 for Traffic Control
Operating Temperature: -34 to +74 C
Emissions Class A
Transient voltage suppression and immunity higher than for office-grade
equipment

Meet the above requirements with Industrial Ethernet

products

What is Industrial Ethernet?

Industrial Ethernet

Generic term to cover communications within non-office openarchitecture environments

Environment will be customer specific

Three Broad Environment Classifications:

Factory Environments
Outdoor (e.g. Ethernet / Traffic Control)
Lite, or extended temperature

Major Characteristics of Industrial Ethernet

DIN rail mounting

Extended operating temperature range
Designed for passive cooling (Fan-less)
Rugged design, especially the case
Rugged connectors in addition to RJ-45 (e.g. M12)
Higher Ingress Protection rating to protect from dust / moisture
Edge-based (where the devices are)
Very long deployment lifetimes requiring higher reliability

Industrial Ethernet in Outdoor Locations

Industrial Fiber-to-Copper
with Power-over-Ethernet (PoE)
IP security camera

Outdoor cabinets
(non-temp controlled)

Security cameras
Wireless access
points

Factory environments
Cat5 (100m)

Outdoor cabinet
(no temp control)
Up to 2km MM Fiber or 20km SM Fiber

Networ
k

Security cameras
Wireless access
points
VoIP Phones

PoE Products
PoE Switches
Copper to copper devices
Data in/out port w/ PoE power inserted on unused pairs

PoE Injectors
Copper to copper devices
Data in port
Data out port w/ PoE power inserted on unused pairs

PoE Media Converters

Fiber to copper devices
Fiber port
Copper port w/ PoE power inserted on unused pairs

Office grade or industrial

Can I Incorporate My Analog Cameras

Into My New IP Video Network?
Video Encoder / Decoder
Also known as Video CoDec or Video Server
Analog video input on coax
May include serial port for PTZ functionality
Video stream is encoded and compressed (MJPG, MPEG2 or MPEG4) into IP
packets
Video output over UTP (10/100Base-TX)
Fiber optic port (100Base-FX) are rare, may need to use media conversion

Managed web-browser interface allows for access from any PC

Analog/IP Video Over Fiber Network

Hybrid Video Surveillance Networks

Many video security and surveillance networks are undergoing
transformation

Conversion from Analog-based to IP-enabled video networks

Analog and IP cameras will inevitably co-exist

Continue to maintain existing Analog network?

Many security networks will continue to be analog-based

Distance reduction when moving to IP video will impede copper-based

overhauls

Video Servers / Codecs can ease this transition

Enjoy the benefits of IP camera technology without replacing existing analog

cameras

Hybrid Video over Fiber Network

Summary
Extended reach of video security and surveillance networks

Leading to quality, bandwidth and transmission distance issues

Cameras may be located beyond the reach of traditional copper cabling

Or beyond the reach of the original network design

Fiber can provide many benefits

Increased transmission distances extended reach

Immunity to electrical interference improved video quality

Greater security less risk to tampering

Smaller, lighter and stronger easier installation

Media Conversion can ease the transition to fiber

Utilize existing network security equipment save on investment

Benefits of PoE can still be utilized

Questions?