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Defects
in Metals
Nv N A exp Q / kT
Impurities in Metals
Edge dislocation
Screw dislocation
Based on rotation :
Tilt boundaries
Twist boundaries
MS 2101 Hand-out by Husaini Ardy
Twist Boundary
Introduction
Diffusion types :
C
J D
x
J : diffusion flux [atom/m2-sec.]
D : diffusion coefficient [m2/sec.]
(C/ x) : concentration gradient [atom/m4]
Example
J D
C
x
C
2C
D
t
x 2
Boundary conditions :
For t = 0, C = Co at 0 x ~
For t > 0, C = CS (the constant
surface concentration) at x = 0
C = Co at x = ~
The solution is :
C x Co
1 erf
C S Co
2 Dt
Carburizing of steel
Qd
D Do exp
RT