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Chapter 3
This chapter is designed to provide the student with an
understanding of Network Design.
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to:
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3 Network Design
3 Network Design
Table of Contents
Topic
Page
Datacommunications......................................................................
3.1 Control of the Network Element via a local controller:..............
3.2 Control of a Network Element via a Remote Login...................
3.3 Data communication Network (DCN).......................................
Synchronisation............................................................................
4.1 Priority Table...........................................................................
4.2 Internal Source........................................................................
Auxiliary network..........................................................................
Management..................................................................................
6.1 Why SDH Management?........................................................
6.2 Network Management Layers.................................................
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3 Network Design
Traffic
Protection Systems
STM-4, STM-16
STM-1
National
STM-4, STM-16
STM-1
STM-1
Regional
Local
3 Network Design
Terminal
Multiplexer
Add-Drop
Multiplexer
Digital
Cross-connect
Intermediate
Regenerator
Point to Point
Single Ring
Bus or Line
Double Ring
Star or Hub
3 Network Design
Working line
Failure
Protecting line
Protecting route
Bidirectional
Port
Unidirectional
Matrix
Port
Matrix
To/from
another
port
To
another
port
Loopback
Port
Broadcast
Matrix
Port
Matrix
To/from
another
port
To
other
ports
Split Access
Monitor
Port
Port
Matrix
Matrix
To/from
another
port
To/from
another
port
To Test port
To Test Port
Concatenated
Ports
Matrix
Ports
3 Network Design
3 DATACOMMUNICATIONS
3.1 CONTROL OF THE NETWORK ELEMENT VIA A LOCAL
CONTROLLER:
A Network Engineer can connect to a Network Element via the 'F'
interface connection on the equipment. Figure 3-7 Local controller
F interface connection.
ADM
Local Controller
ADM
ADM
F
ADM
Figure 7: Local Login to a Network Element
ADM
ECC
ECC
Local Controller
ADM
ADM
ECC
ECC
ADM
Figure 8: Remote login to a Network Element
3 Network Design
Management
System
Management
System
Ethernet
Ethernet
Router
Router
Leased Line
Router
Ethernet
Ethernet
Router
GNE
ECC
GNE
NE
ECC
NE
NE
GNE
GNE
NE
NE
NE
NE
Ethernet
4 SYNCHRONISATION
The objectives of synchronisation are as follows:
No timing loops.
Synchronous
Equipment
Clocks
External timing
source (PRC)
(Master)
~
~
~
~
~
~
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3 Network Design
The system will use, by default, the source with the highest
priority. If this fails, the system automatically selects the source
with the next priority.
Clock
Type
Description
PRC
Unknown
SSU-T
SSU-L
SEC
DNU
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5 AUXILIARY NETWORK
Spare capacity in the overhead sections of the SDH frame is used
for the Engineer Order Wire; this allows engineers to communicate
over the network between network elements. The auxiliary
network also provides ground contacts for alarm reporting to the
network and element manager.
Engineer Order
Wire
External Alarm
Collection
6 MANAGEMENT
6.1 WHY SDH MANAGEMENT?
Management systems simplify and automate the management of
telecommunications networks. They provide overall control and
monitoring of an entire network, often from a single Network
Management Centre. Due to standardisation, all vendors follow a
common approach in the design of management networks.
The following types of management are possible:
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Representation of
network in Element
Manager
Physical
Equipment
Backup
Operations
Centre
Data
Communications
Network
Regional
Operations
Centre
Regional
Operations
Centre
Network
Elements
Network
Elements
Regional
Operations
Centre
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3 Network Design
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