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    Coastal Futures
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    Update on SW plankton Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, David Johns, George Graham, Rowena Stern SAHFOS, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB E: abiqua@sahfos.ac.uk Climate change is resulting in warming temperatures, declining ocean pH, decreasing sea ice, shifts in biological communities, and alterations to marine physical regimes. At the base of the marine food-web, plankton are tightly linked to their environment and offer insight into pelagic responses to change in the marine system. Understanding of open sea plankton dynamics is crucial for interpreting sub-regional observations in the southwest and aiding the separation of responses to climate from those driven by anthropogenic pressures. Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) data have revealed novel information about shifts in primary production; changes in harmful algal bloom dynamics; alterations to plankton community composition and diversity; phenological changes; biogeographical range shifts; introductions of non-native species; and changes in biodiversity. The taxonomic breadth and long time-series of the CPR survey has also highlighted recent occurrences of unusual plankton taxa in the southwest while the routine deployment of our Water and Microbial Sampler (WaMS) has revealed hidden diversity in the pelagic habitat of the region. The capabilities of the CPR survey are being expanded with the addition of new instrumentation to capture the environmental data required to better understand observed changes in southwest plankton. When combined, CPR research and observational data provide important evidence needed for policy decision making and sustainable management of southwest waters. For more information see: http://www.sahfos.ac.uk/research/publications/annual-report.aspx McQuatters-Gollop, A., Edwards, M., Helaouët, P., Johns, D.G., Owens, N.J.P., Raitsos, D.E., Schroeder, D., Skinner, J. and Stern, R.F., Submitted. The Continuous Plankton Recorder survey: how can long-term phytoplankton datasets deliver Good Environmental Status?. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.

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    Update on SW plankton Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, David Johns, George Graham, Rowena Stern SAHFOS, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB E: abiqua@sahfos.ac.uk Climate change is resulting in warming temperatures, declining ocean pH, decreasing sea ice, shifts in biological communities, and alterations to marine physical regimes. At the base of the marine food-web, plankton are tightly linked to their environment and offer insight into pelagic responses to change in the marine system. Understanding of open sea plankton dynamics is crucial for interpreting sub-regional observations in the southwest and aiding the separation of responses to climate from those driven by anthropogenic pressures. Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) data have revealed novel information about shifts in primary production; changes in harmful algal bloom dynamics; alterations to plankton community composition and diversity; phenological changes; biogeographical range shifts; introductions of non-native species; and changes in biodiversity. The taxonomic breadth and long time-series of the CPR survey has also highlighted recent occurrences of unusual plankton taxa in the southwest while the routine deployment of our Water and Microbial Sampler (WaMS) has revealed hidden diversity in the pelagic habitat of the region. The capabilities of the CPR survey are being expanded with the addition of new instrumentation to capture the environmental data required to better understand observed changes in southwest plankton. When combined, CPR research and observational data provide important evidence needed for policy decision making and sustainable management of southwest waters. For more information see: http://www.sahfos.ac.uk/research/publications/annual-report.aspx McQuatters-Gollop, A., Edwards, M., Helaouët, P., Johns, D.G., Owens, N.J.P., Raitsos, D.E., Schroeder, D., Skinner, J. and Stern, R.F., Submitted. The Continuous Plankton Recorder survey: how can long-term phytoplankton datasets deliver Good Environmental Status?. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.

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    974 views16 pages

    Abigail McQuatters-Gollop 2015 Plankton

    Uploaded by

    Coastal Futures
    Update on SW plankton Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, David Johns, George Graham, Rowena Stern SAHFOS, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB E: abiqua@sahfos.ac.uk Climate change is resulting in warming temperatures, declining ocean pH, decreasing sea ice, shifts in biological communities, and alterations to marine physical regimes. At the base of the marine food-web, plankton are tightly linked to their environment and offer insight into pelagic responses to change in the marine system. Understanding of open sea plankton dynamics is crucial for interpreting sub-regional observations in the southwest and aiding the separation of responses to climate from those driven by anthropogenic pressures. Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) data have revealed novel information about shifts in primary production; changes in harmful algal bloom dynamics; alterations to plankton community composition and diversity; phenological changes; biogeographical range shifts; introductions of non-native species; and changes in biodiversity. The taxonomic breadth and long time-series of the CPR survey has also highlighted recent occurrences of unusual plankton taxa in the southwest while the routine deployment of our Water and Microbial Sampler (WaMS) has revealed hidden diversity in the pelagic habitat of the region. The capabilities of the CPR survey are being expanded with the addition of new instrumentation to capture the environmental data required to better understand observed changes in southwest plankton. When combined, CPR research and observational data provide important evidence needed for policy decision making and sustainable management of southwest waters. For more information see: http://www.sahfos.ac.uk/research/publications/annual-report.aspx McQuatters-Gollop, A., Edwards, M., Helaouët, P., Johns, D.G., Owens, N.J.P., Raitsos, D.E., Schroeder, D., Skinner, J. and Stern, R.F., Submitted. The Continuous Plankton Recorder survey: how can long-term phytoplankton datasets deliver Good Environmental Status?. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.

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    of 16

    Update on SW plankton

    Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, David G.


    Johns, George Graham, Rowena F.
    Stern

    Why monitor plankton?


    Produce 50% of worlds oxygen
    Key role in carbon cycle
    High diversity
    Sensitive to climate change
    Base of marine food web
    Respond quickly to changes in env.

    Crucial to
    ecosystem
    functioning
    Clear links
    to humans

    SAHFOS
    Ships of Opportunity
    Unchanged methodology (>80 years)
    Longest, most spatially extensive
    oceanic monitoring program in the
    world
    ~ 1 million samples
    6 million nm of ocean
    500 plankton taxa + indicator of
    phyto biomass
    Microplastics
    Sample archive

    McQuatters-Gollop
    et al ICES
    2011
    Nature
    Updated
    from Edwards et al (2001)
    Journal
    of Marine Science

    Southwest UK waters

    Northeast Atlantic

    Diatoms and dinoflagellates

    Hinder et al Nature Climate Change

    Changes in SW copepods
    C. helgolandicus
    warm
    C. finmarchicus
    cold, lipid-rich

    Change in quality and quantity of food for


    larval fish

    OA Changes in calcareous plankton

    Beaugrand, McQuatters-Gollop, et al 2013 Nature Climate Change

    Beare, McQuatters-Gollop, et al 2013 PLOS ONE

    Climate key driver of plankton


    dynamics

    Goberville et al 2015

    Increased taxonomic resolution of


    coccolithophores

    Acanthoica
    quattrospina

    Braarudosphaera
    bigelowii

    Coccolithus pelagicus

    Emiliania huxleyi

    Rhabdosphaera
    claviger

    Discosphaera tubifera

    Syracosphaera pulchra Scyphosphaera apsteinii

    Developing instrumentation programme


    4 Routes

    10 Routes

    Multispectral fluorescence

    ARGO standard
    Conductivity &
    Temperature
    Conductivity,
    Temperature,
    Depth,
    Fluorescence

    ? 02 / pC02

    Web-based Visualisations

    Water and Microbial Sampler (WaMS)


    Revealing new diversity
    in small size classes
    Complements traditional
    CPR sampling
    Building a more robust
    picture of pelagic
    community
    Forming a new timeseries!

    Taxa in bold in WaMS, rest


    are reference taxa

    Recent unusual plankton


    Neoceratium breve warm-water, mid-Atlantic dinoflagellate, rare in CPR
    (Photo scilo.org)
    Aetideus actutus warm-water, new to CPR survey
    (Photo http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/)

    Cyanea lamarckii found near Hull


    (Photo Sue Daly via MarLIN)

    Recent unusual plankton


    Heterophryxus appendiculatus a parasitic isopod
    that preys on krill. Recorded near America.
    (Photo by Rob Camp)

    Distoculus minor 1 mm warm-water harpactacoid,


    new to the CPR survey, recorded near New England
    (Photo by Astrid Fisher)

    CPR data providing evidence


    CPR data underpinning target setting and
    indicator development for the UKs and
    OSPARs implementation of the Marine
    Strategy Framework Directive

    Key messages
    Climate change primary driver of plankton
    dynamics in Southwest and North Atlantic
    Multi-decadal biological t-s such as the CPR
    essential to detecting and understanding
    change
    New environmental instrumentation and
    microbial time-series increasing our
    understanding
    Data and research crucial for informing policy
    and decision making

    Thank you!

    Abigail McQuatters-Gollop
    SAHFOS
    abiqua@sahfos.ac.uk
    @anaturalstate

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