RESULT:

Experiment 1: Determination of the operation and characteristic of mass flowmeter and

rotometer

PRESSURE
PT1 (bar)

MASS
FLOW
METER,
FT1 (LPM)

ROTOMETER
(LPM)

TEMPERATURE
TT1 (C)

MASS FLOW
METER FT1 AT
STANDARD
CONDITION

ROTOMETER
READING AT
STANDARD
CONDITION

1.00
0.74
0.69
0.68
0.65
0.62

0.00
12.5
22.7
34.1
44.0
54.3

0
10
20
30
40
50

24.7
24.7
24.6
24.4
24.3
24.3

18.95
19.83
35.01
52.31
66.34
80.38

20.34
21.30
37.56
56.14
71.18
86.26

PRESSURE
PT1 (bar)

MASS
FLOW
METER,
FT1 (LPM)

ROTOMETER
(LPM)

TEMPERATURE
TT1 (C)

MASS FLOW
METER FT1 AT
STANDARD
CONDITION

ROTOMETER
READING AT
STANDARD
CONDITION

2.00
1.84
1.78
1.74
1.71
1.68

0.0
16.0
31.3
45.7
58.6
62.2

0
10
20
30
40
50

24.4
24.4
24.4
24.2
24.1
24.1

29.76
41.36
79.21
114.08
144.73
151.93

31.94
44.39
85.01
122.43
155.33
165.05

EXPERIMENT 2: Determination of the operation and the characteristic of venture meter

PRESSURE
PT1 (bar)

ROTOMETER
(LPM)

TEMPERATURE
TT1 (C)

DIFFERENTIAL
PRESSURE DPTI
(mbar)

CALCULATED FLOW
RATE, Q
(LPM)

1.00
0.80
0.75
0.71
0.69
0.68

0
10
20
30
40
50

24.3
24.4
24.3
24.3
24.3
24.3

2
2
3
4
5
6

2.972
2.664
3.140
3.544
3.904
4.220

PRESSURE
PT1 (bar)

ROTOMETER
(LPM)

TEMPERATURE
TT1 (C)

DIFFERENTIAL
PRESSURE DPTI
(mbar)

CALCULATED FLOW
RATE, Q
(LPM)

2.00
1.82
1.75
1.71
1.68
1.64

0
10
20
30
40
50

24.6
24.6
24.6
24.6
24.6
24.6

2
2
3
4
5
6

4.203
4.010
4.820
5.495
6.100
6.600

EXPERIMENT 3: DETERMINATION OF THE OPERATION AND CHARACTERISTIC OF

ORIFICE PLATE

PRESSURE
PT1 (bar)

MASS
FLOW
METER,
FT1 (LPM)

ROTOMETER
(LPM)

TEMPERATURE
TT1 (C)

DIFFERENTIA
L PRESSURE
DPTI
(mbar)

CALCULATED
FLOW RATE, Q
(LPM)

1.00
0.72
0.64
0.63
0.60
0.58

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0
10
20
30
40
50

24.7
24.7
24.7
24.7
24.5
24.6

2
2
3
6
7
11

2.971
2.521
2.914
4.088
4.307
5.310

PRESSURE
PT1 (bar)

MASS
FLOW
METER,
FT1 (LPM)

ROTOMETER
(LPM)

TEMPERATURE
TT1 (C)

DIFFERENTIA
L PRESSURE
DPTI
(mbar)

CALCULATED
FLOW RATE, Q
(LPM)

2.00
1.85
1.78
1.76
1.71
1.69

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0
10
20
30
40
50

24.8
24.8
24.6
24.6
24.6
24.6

2
2
3
6
8
11

4.203
4.041
4.856
6.830
7.771
9.062

Experiment 1: Determination of the operation and characteristic of mass flow meter and
rotameter
The mass flow meter, FT1 unit LPM is defined at conditions 0 C, 1.0132 bar (abs).

P 1 V 1 P2 V 2
=
T1
T2
Pressure of compressor at 1 bar:
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+1.00 ) x 10.4
=
273.15
24.7+273.15
V1=18.95
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.74 ) x 12.5
=
273.15
24.7+ 273.15

V1=19.83
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.69 ) x 22.7
=
273.15
24.6+273.15
V1=35.01
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.68 ) x 34.1
=
273.15
24.4+273.15

V1=52.31
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.65 ) x 44.0
=
273.15
24.3+ 273.15
V1=66.34
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.62 ) x 54.3
=
273.15
24.3+273.15

V1=80.38

The rotameter unit LPM is defined at condition 20 C, 1.0132 bar (abs)

1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+1.00 ) x 10.4

=
293.15
24.7+273.15
V1=20.34
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.74 ) x 12.5
=
293.15
24.7+ 273.15

V1=21.30
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.69 ) x 22.7
=
293.15
24.6+273.15
V1=37.56
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.68 ) x 34.1
=
293.15
24.4+273.15

V1=56.14
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.65 ) x 44.0
=
293.15
24.3+ 273.15
V1=71.18
1.0132 xV 1 ( 1.0132+0.62 ) x 54.3
=
293.15
24.3+273.15

V1=86.26

For pressure compressor at 2 and 3 bar just follow this calculation to find V1.

Experiment 2: Determination of the operation and characteristic of venturi meter

Pressure of compressor 1 bar:

D1=0.0127 m
D2=0.00635 m
=

0.00635
0.0127

=0.5
E = (1- 4)-1/2
=(1-0.54)-1/2
=1.0328
P
Density, = RT
1.00 x 105 N / m2

287

J
. K x ( 24.3+273.15 ) K
kg

= 1.17 kg/m3
Q (at PT1 1.00 bar) =

0.7 x 1.0328 x x

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4

0.006352 x 2 x 1.17 x 2
x 1000 x 60
4

= 2.972 LPM

P
= RT
0.80 x 105 N /m2

287

J
. K x ( 24.4+273.15 ) K
kg

= 0.94 kg/m3
Q(at 0.80 bar) =

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4

0.006352 x 2 x 0.94 x 2
0.7 x 1.0328 x x
x 1000 x 60
4

= 2.664 LPM

P
= RT
0.75 x 10 5 N / m2

287

J
. K x ( 24.3+273.15 ) K
kg

=0.87 kg/m3
Q(at 0.75 bar) =

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4
2

0.7 x 1.0328 x x

0.00635 x 2 x 0.87 x 3
x 1000 x 60
4

= 3.14LPM

P
p= RT
0.71 x 105 N / m2

287

J
. K x ( 24.3+273.15 ) K
kg

=0.832 kg/m3

Q(at 0.71 bar) =

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4
2

0.7 x 1.0328 x x

0.00635 x 2 x 0,832 x 4
x 1000 x 60
4

=3,544 LPM

P
= RT
0.69 x 10 5 N / m2

287

J
. K x ( 24.3+273.15 ) K
kg

=0.808 kg/m3
Q(at 0.69 bar) =

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4

0.7 x 1.0328 x x

0.006352 x 2 x 0.808 x 5
x 1000 x 60
4

=3.904 LPM

P
= RT
5

0.68 x 10 N / m

287

J
. K x ( 24.3+273.15 ) K
kg

=0.786 kg/m3

Q(at 0.68 bar) =

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4
2

0.7 x 1.0328 x x

0.00635 x 2 x 0.786 x 6
x 1000 x 60
4

=4.22LPM

For pressure compressor at 2 bar just follow this calculation to find Q.

Experiment 3: Determination of the operation and characteristic of orifice meter

Pressure of compressor 1 bar:
D1=0.0127 m
D2=0.00635 m
=

0.00635
0.0127

=0.5
E = (1- 4)-1/2
=(1-0.54)-1/2
=1.0328
P
= RT
1.00 x 10 5 N /m2

287

J
. K x ( 24.7+273.15 ) K
kg

=1.169 kg/m3
Q (at PT1 1.00 bar) =

C d ED 2 2 2 P
4

0.006352 x 2 x 1.169 x 2
0.7 x 1.0328 x x
x 1000 x 60
4

= 2.971 LPM

For pressure compressor at 2 bar just follow this calculation to find Q.

DISCUSSION:
From the experiment conducted in gas flow meter, there are 2 main objectives to achieve.
Firstly is to study the operation and characteristic of flow rate by utilize mass flowmeter and
rotameter. After that is to compare flow rate measurement. During conducting this
experiment ,gas flow measurement bench is used to study the fluid flow of compressible gas.
This equipment, gas flow measurement bench is used to study the fluid flow of compressible
gas. This equipment use 3 different measuring device which is orifice meter, venture meter and
rotameter. This measurement give different type of result respectively which measure the
flowrate of compressible gas that flow through the device. The expected result from the orifice
meter will result in the increase in fluid velocity and decrease in pressure due to the smaller
area of the orifice plate. Besides, venture meter exhibit the same characteristic as orifice. From
the experiment 3 obtained, it shows that as flowrate of the gas increase, the pressure of the gas
decrease respectively with the pressure tested at 1 bar and 2 bar. The same result will obtained
when conducting experiment 2, the pressure will decrease as flowrate increase.
For rotameter, it has rotating free float which indicating element. As flow commence, the
float rises until upward and buoyancy force on it are balance by its weight and the float will rise
in a short distance if the rate of flow is small and vice versa. The level of the float are used in
measured of flow rate. From the result of experiment 1, the mass of flowmeter and rotameter

reading at standard condition for each pressure increment at 1 bar and 2 bar show the decrease
in pressure as flow rate of gas compressor increase.
From the experiment conducted, flow rate measurement was obtained by utilize mass
flowmeter and rotameter. Experiment 1 till 3 are conducted by utilize the rotameter by
5,10,20,30,40,50 LPM respectively. The result obtained shows that each increment of rotameter
reading will result in increasing of flow rate measurement. For instance, in experiment 2 for
rotameter reading at 10 LPM, the calculated flow rate gives 2.664 LPM whereas for rotameter
reading 30 LPM, the calculated flowrateis 3.544 LPM. The same result will obtained in
experiment 1 and 3.

CONCLUSION:
The objectives of this experiment is satisfied which is to obtain the flow rate
measurement by utilizing mass flowmeter and rotameter and to compare flow rate measurement
flow rate.Both mass flow meter and rotameter increase with decreasing of pressure and
temperature.The mass flow meter at standard condition is higher than rotameter at standard
condition. The characteristics and operation at venture meter, the calculated flow rate increase
when decreasing of the pressure. Furthermore, the operation at orifice meter increase with
decreasing of pressure and temperature. The accurate mass flow measurement of gas is difficult
to obtain because the gas is a compressible fluid. This concluded that the volume of a fixed
mass of gas and rotameter depends upon the pressure and temperature.