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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS

Peperiksaan Semester Pertama
Sidang Akademik 201112012
17 Januari 2012

EDT 238-Physical Chemistry

[Kimia Fizikal]
Masa : 3jam

Please make sure that these question paper have THIRTEEN (13) printed pages
including this front page before you start the examination.
[Silo pas/ikon kertas soalan ini mengandungi TlGA. BELAS (/3) muka sural yang tercetak termasuk mulca
hadopan sebelum anda memulalcan peperiksaan ini.}

This question paper has SIX (6) questions. Answer any FIVE (5) questions only. Each
question contributes 100 marks.
[Kertas soalan in; mengandungi ENAM (6) soalan. Jawab IIIIIIItHlUllfll UMA (5) soalan sahqja. Marlcah
bagi tiop-tiop soalan addah 100 marlcah}.

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Question 1
(SofIltm J)

(a) Differentiate the following concentration terms:

[Bezakan istilah-istilah kepekatan berilcut:]

i.

Mole fraction
[pecahan mol]

ii.

Molarity
[Kemolaran]

iii.

Molality
[~moIalan]

iv.

Normality
[Kenormalan]

(20 Marks]
[20 Markah]

(b) The label on a bottle of aqueous hydrochloric acid, HeI, gives concentration as
37 percent by weight, and density of the solution is 1.19 glml. Calculate the

following:
[Label pada botol asid hidroldorik, Hel. diberi kepekatan adalah 37 peratus berat, dan
ketumpatan larutan adalah 1.19 glml. l(jrakan yang berilcut:]

i.

Molarity
[Kemolaran]

ii.

Molality
[Kemolalan]

iii.

Mole fraction
[Pecahan mol]

[30 Marks]
{JOMarkah]

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(c) The mass percentage composition of dry air at sea level is approximately
N2 75.5; 02 23.2; Ar 1.3. Calculate the partial pressure of each component when
the total pressure is 1.000 atm (Relative atomic mass: N=14, 0=16, Ar=39.95).
[Komposisi peratus jiaim udara /rering pada paras lout adaJah dianggarkan N2 75.5: 0 2 23.2; Ar
1.3. Kirakan tekanan separa aetiap komponen apabi/ajum/ah teMnan adalah 1.000 aJm (Jisim
atom relative: N=14. 0=16, Ar=39.95)].

(30 Marlm]
{30Markah]

(d) Henry's law constant for nitrogen at 20 C is 5.75 X 107 Calculate how many
grams nitrogen would dissolve in 100 g of water at 20 OC, if the partial pressure of
nitrogen in the solution is 750 mm Hg?
[Pemolar hulrMm Henry untuk nitrogen pada 20 OC adalah 5.75 x 107 Kirakan berapa gram
nitrogen akan iarut dalam air pada 20 oc, jiM tekanan separa nitrogen dalam /arutan adalah
750mmHg?]

(20 MaraJ
[20Markah]

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Question 2
(SOfIItIn 2)

(a) Contrast the following terms:

[Bandingiwn istilah-istilah berikut:]
1.

Number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight

of polymer.
[Purata nombor berm molelrul dan purata berat berat molelrul polimer]

it

Intrinsic viscosity and Inherent viscosity

[Kelikatan intrinsik dan Kelikatan semuiajadij

[20 Marks]
[20 Markahj

(b) The concentration data for solutions of polystyrene (PS) in toluene was measured
at 30C and the results obtained are summarized in Table 1. Analyze and
determine the intrinsic viscosity of this PS sample and the value of the Huggins
constant, kH.
[Data 1repekatan bag; lanttan polistirena (PS) da/am toluena telah disukat pada 30 OC dan
lceputusan yang diperolehi te/ak diringkaskan dalam JadruJI 1. Analisa dan tentukan 1relikatan
intrinsik sampel PS ini dan nilai pemalar Huggins, kB.]

Table 1: Concentration data obtained for solutions of polystyrene in toluene

[JaduaJ 1: Pengukuran lrepekatan yang diperolehi untuk lanttan polistirena daJam toluena]

Concentration (g elL-I)

Time (s)

[Kepe1catan (g dL-1))

[Masa(s)]

0
0.54
1.08
1.62
2.16

65.8
101.2
144.3
194.6
257.0
[50 Marks]
[SO Markah]

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-5(c) A polydisperse sample of polystyrene is prepared by mixing five monodisperse

samples in the following proportions:
[Sampel polisebaran poIisdrena disedia/a:m melalui campuran lima sampe/ monosebaran dolam
nisbah berilt:ut:]

Sample

Molecular weight
(gImole)

Mass (g)

10,000
50,000
100,000
250,000
300,000

1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0

2
3
4
5

Estimate the number-average molecular weight and weight-average molecular

weight. Calculate polydispersity index (PDI) of the mixture.
[Anggarkon purata nombor berat molekul don purata bera! berat molelr:ul. Kirakon indelrs
kepolisebaran canrpuran tersebut]

[30 Marks)
[JOMarkah]

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Question 3
(Soala"J)

(a) Compare the following tenns:

[Bandingkan yang istilah-istilah berikut:]

i.

Phase and component

[Fasa dan komponen]

ii.

Liquid-liquid extraction and solid-liquid extraction

[Penyarian cecair-cecair dan penyarian pepeja/-cecair]

(20 MarksJ
[20 Marlcah]

(b) Analyze possible components present in the following systems:

[Ana/isa komponen-komponen yang berlcemungldnan hadir dalam sistem-sistem berikut:]

i.

Water, allowing for its ionization

[Air, dibenarkan pengionannya]

ii.

Sucrose in water
[Sukrosa dalam air]

iii.

Sodium chloride in water

[Sodium kJorida daJam air]

iv.

Aqueous phosphoric acid

[Asidfosforik aJcuas]

(20 MarksJ
[20 Marlcah]

(c) Construct the extraction process for liquid and solid samples using appropriate

method.
[Binakon proses penyarian unluk sampel cecair dan sampel pepeja/ menggunakan koedah yang
bersesuaian]

[20 MarksJ
[20 Marlcah]

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(d) The distribution ratio for iodine (12) between water and carbon disulfide (CS2) is
650. Estimate the concentration of 12 remaining in the aqueous phase after 50.0 mL
of 0.10 M h in water is shaken with 10.0 mL ofCS2.
[Nisbah pengagihan untuk iodin amara air dan karbon disulfida adalah 650. Anggarkan
lrepekatan 12 yang masih berbaki dalam fasa alroas selepas 50.0 mL 0.10 M 12 air digoncangkan
dengan 10.0 mL CS,.]

[20 Marks)
[20 Markah]

(e) Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of an electron that bas been accelerated
through a potential difference of 100 V (Mass of electron= 9.109 XIO-31 kg).
[Kirakan jarak gelombang de Broglie elelctron yang dipecutkan melalui perbezaan lreupayaan
100 V (Jisim elelctron= 9.109 X1U31 kg).]

(20 Marks]
[20 Marlrah]

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-8Question 4
(SoaItm4)

<a) Relate the following reaction are redox reaction, for each of the redox reaction
identified label the reducing agent and oxidizing agent;
[Huhungkan mengileuti tindak halas adalah pengoksidaan dan penunman, untuk aetiap tindak
halas redoks dan !renal pasti agen penurunan atau agen pengoksidaan?]

ii.

H2Se03 (s) +H2S <aq) ~ S (s) + Se (s)

iii.

KI (s)+ HF (aq)~ KF (s) + HI (aq)

(30 Marks)
[JOMarkah]

<b) Balance the following equation in acidic environment. Predict the oxidizing agent
and reduction agent.
[Imhangkan persamaan herileut dalam peraeldtaran herasid Jangkakan agen pengoksidaan dan
agen penurunan]

KMn04 (s) + HBr (aq)+ Sn2+ (aq) ~ Mn2+ (aq) + Sn4+ (aq)
(10 Marks]
[20 Markah]

(c) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the galvanic cell AI (8) /AI3+/I Sn2+/Sn(s) at
standard conditions. (Sn2+/Sn = - 0.14 volt and AI3+/AI = - 1.66 volt)
(l'entukan pemalar lreseimhangan untuk Sel Galvanik AI (a) IAr II S,(+ISn (a) pada !readaan
piawai). (S,(+ISn = - O.14voltandAf+IAI ='- 1.661101t))

[20 Marks]
[20 Markah]

(d) Calculate the standard emf of an electrochemical cell made of a Cd electrode in a

1.0 M Cd(N03)2 solution and a Cr electrode in a 1.0 M Cr(N03)3 solution?
(ECd2+(aq) / Cd (s) = -0.40 v and EOC"+(aq) / Cr (s) = -0.74 v)
[Kirakan piawai emf dan ael elekJroldmia yang dihuat dari elekJrod Cd dalam Ianltan Cd(NOsh
1.0 M dan eleklrod Cr dalam larutan Cr(NOsh 1.0 M. (E'Ctr (aq) I Cd (8) = -0.40 v dan
E'C,J+(aq) / Cr (a) = -0.74 11)]

[10 Marks)
[10 Markah]

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(e) The following data were obtained on the rate of hydrolysis of 17% sucrose in
0.099 mol/L HCI aqueous solution at 35 C.(See Table 2)
[Data berikut diperoleh doripada kodar penguraian 17% sukrosa dolam larutan akuas
moVL HCI pada suhu 3SOC).[Lihat Jadual1]

0.099

Table 2: Data of hydrolysis of 17% sucrose solution

[Jadual1: Data hidrolisis 17% larutan sukrosa]

Time (min)

Sucrose(%)

[Masa (min)]

[Sukrosa (OAI)]

9.8
59.6
93.1
142.9
294.8
590.0

96.5
80.3
71.0
59.1
32.8
11.1

Calculate the value of the rate constant (k)

[Kira nilai pemalar /radar (k)]

[20 Marksl
[10 Markah]

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Question 5
ISOtllall 5/

(a) In studying the decomposition of ozone 203 (g)..

vessel, it is found that d[Od/dt = -1.5 x 10-2 mol L"I
[Da/am mempelajari penguraian ozon 20'l~"
didapati bahawa d[OJ/dt =-1.5 x Iff2 mol C S-IJ

i.

3(h (g) in a 2 L reaction

S-I.

.. 302fg) dalam 2 L cawan tindak balas.

Calculate the rate of reaction

[Kirakan kadar tindak balas]

ii.

Calculate the rate of conversion

{Kirakan kadar penukaran]

iii.

Determine the value of d[021/dt

[Tentukan nila; d[oiJ/dt}

(20 Marks)
[20 Marleah)

(b) Suppose the transformation of A to B occurs by both a reversible first-order

reaction and a reversible second-order reaction involving hydrogen ion.
[Andaikan transformasi A Ice B terjadi oleh lcedua tinda/c balos perintah pertama dan perintah
lcedua boleh balik yang meliputi ion hldrogen}

A =::::p!' B

A+W ...=:::e:. B+W

Evaluate the relationship between these four rate constants.

{Nilallean hubungan antara empat pemalar lcadar dalam tindak balas tersebut}

(20 Marks]
[20 Marlcah]

(c) If a first-order reaction has activation energy of 104,600 J morl and a preexponent factor A of 5 x 1013 S-I. Calculate the temperatures will the reaction have
a half-life of <a) lmin and (b) 30 days.
(Jilea tindak balos perintah pertama memilild tenaga pengalctifan 104.600 J morl dan faktor
eksponen bebas A adalah 5 x loI' S-I. Kirakan suhu tindak balas pada separuh hayat (a) I min
dan (b) 30 hari]

[30 Marks]
{30Markah]

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-11(d) Determine the rate law and calculate the rate constant for the following reaction
by using the data in Table 3.
{I'entukan hukum kaJar dan kirakan pemalar Icadar untuk timiak balos berikut dengan
menggunakan data dalam Jadual 3J

Table 3: Data of experiment

[Jadual 3: Data eksperimenJ

Exp.

(S:z08~

[EksperimenJ

1
2
3

0.08
0.08
0.16

P1

Initial rate (M/s]

0.034
0.017
0.017

2.2 x 10""
1.1 x 10....
2.2 x 10....

[Kadar awalJ (MIs1

(30 Marks]
[30 MarlcahJ

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Question 6
[Soalan6]

(a) Predict the effect of linear and branched molecule on the adsorption and
micellization.
[Janglllcan pengaruh molekuJ linear and bercabang terhadop pe,,;erapan and misellisasij

[20 Marks]
[20 Markah]

(b) Compare the ionic surfactant and non-ionic surfactant in the adsorption system.
[Bandinglcan surfaktan berionik and surfaktan tidak berionik da/am sistem penjerapan]

[20 Marks)
[20 Marllh]

(c) Calculate the solubility parameter for a methyl methacrylate-butadiene copolymer

containing 25 mol% methyl methacrylate. The solubility for poly(methhl
methacrylate) and polybutadiene homopolymer are 9.3 and 8.4 (cal.cm-3) 1 ,
respectively. ( Mw MMA =100 glmol and Mw Butadiene = 54 glmol)
[Kiralcan parameter lrebolehlarutan untuk /copolimer metil metakrilat-butadiena yang
mengandungi metil metobilat 25% moL Kebolehlarutan untulc seti~ homopolimer poli(metil
metakrilat) don polibutadiena setiapnya adolah 9.3 and 8.4 (cal.cni3Y ).
[Mw MMA =100 Wmol and Mw Butadiena = 54 Wmol]

(20 Marks]
[20 Markah]

(d) Compare the amphipathic and amphiphilic of the surfactant.

[Bandinglln atrifipat;k don amfifilik surfaklan]

[20 Marks)
[20 Marlcah]

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(e) Calculate the osmotic pressure ofa solution of 10.0 g glucose (C6H1206) in 1000
cm3 of water at 1 atm and 2SoC. (Mw glucose = 180 glmol).
[Kirakan tekanan osmotik larutan 10.0 g glukosa dalam 1000 c"! air pada 1 aim dan 2S'C.
(Mw glukosa = 180 Wmol).}

[20 Marks)
[20 Marlcah}

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