Chapter 7 internet test

Passer and Smith

LEARNING

Carl was at the theatre and had to go to the bathroom. One door had a picture of a stick figure with
two square legs, and the other had a picture of a stick figure with a triangle in the middle. Carl chose
the door with the square-legged stick figure. His bathroom choice is best explained by the concept of
A) generalization.
B) forward conditioning.
C) discrimination.
D) spontaneous recovery.
Ans: C
8. While Ryan was riding his bike he fell and broke his arm because he was looking down at the
pedals. Ryan no longer looks down at the pedals while riding his bike. This is best explained by the
concept of
A) positive reinforcement.
B) negative punishment.
C) negative reinforcement.
D) positive punishment.
Ans: D
9. Whenever Tyler talks back to his parents, they take away his driving privileges. Tyler's talking back
has decreased over time. Tyler's parents are using
A) response cost, also known as negative punishment.
B) positive punishment, also known as response cost.
C) negative reinforcement, also known as punishment.
D) positive reinforcement, also known as punishment.
Ans: A
11. What schedule of reinforcement maintains gambling behavior?
A) Variable-interval
B) Fixed-ratio
C) Variable-ratio
D) Continuous
Ans: C
12. A _____________ schedule of reinforcement produces the most rapid learning.
A) continuous
B) fixed-interval
C) fixed-ratio
D) variable-ratio
Ans: A
13. Our tendency to learn some survival behaviors more easily than other behaviors is best explained
by the concept of
A) conditioned taste aversion.
B) conditioned preparedness.
C) instinctive drift.
D) operant generalization.
Ans: B
True or False
4. Paul stops at a train track when he hears a train's whistle, he runs to his team members' group
when he hears his soccer coach's whistle and he quits playing and goes home when he hears his dad's
whistle. Paul's identification and response to the different whistles is an example of stimulus
generalization.
T
6. Classical conditioning is based on a reflexive behavior, whereas operant conditioning is based on the
observable consequence of a behavior.
T
7. Positive reinforcement increases the likelihood that a behavior will occur again, and negative
reinforcement decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur again.
F
8. Pat's neighbors play loud music and she can't study for her exams. She goes over to their
apartment and asks them to lower the music so she can study. Her neighbors lower the music so low
that she can no longer hear it. This scenario is an example of negative reinforcement.
T
9. Research on corporal punishment has indicated that it decreases the parent-child relationship,
increases aggressive behavior during childhood and increases the risk of the child as an adult
physically abusing their spouse or child.
T
10. Fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement is stronger than a variable interval schedule.
F