Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Present era is 24x7 running era. With its huge technological advancement in
todays competing world people have to pay attention to lot of work in very limited
duration of time. Thus it becomes difficult for us to operate the devices at various sites
like home, offices and farms, etc simultaneously. For example if a person has switched
on motor at his home and if he needs to go out at the same time prior switching it off.
Then there would have been problematic situation for him, but this device can help him
greatly in such situation as he can get the idea of present status of motor and can take
action accordingly. Office automation can also be done with this project. This idea
would be helpful in agriculture sector also. As in many parts of India there is shortage
of electricity, hence peoples have to face the frequent electricity cut off problem.
Generally farmers have their homes and farms at different places. Hence whether the
electricity at farm is present or not cant be predicted from home. This affects most the
agriculture sector which thus needs to be automated significantly.
The aim of the proposed system is to develop a cost effective solution that will
provide controlling of industrial appliances remotely and enable industry security
against intrusion in the absence of homeowner. The system provides availability due to
development of a low cost system. The home appliances control system with an
affordable cost was thought to be built that should be mobile providing remote access to
the appliances and allowing home security. Though devices connected as home and
office appliances consume electrical power. These devices should be controlled as well
as turn on/off if required. Most of the times it was done manually. Now it is a necessity
to control devices more effectively and efficiently at anytime from anywhere.
In this system, we are going to develop a cellular phone based home/industry
appliance. This system is designed for controlling arbitrary devices, it includes a cell
phone (not included with the system kit, end user has to connect his/her cell phone to
the system) which is connect to the system via head set. To active the cellular phone
unit on the system a call is to be made and as the call is answered, in response the user
would enter a two/three digit password to access the system to control devices. As the
caller press the specific password, it results in turning ON or OFF specific device. The
device switching is achieved by Relays. Security preserved because these dedicated
passwords owned and known by selected persons only. For instance, our system
contains an alarm unit giving the user a remote on/off mechanism, which is capable of
informing up to five different numbers over telephony network about the nature of the
even The underlying principle mainly relies up on the ability of DTMF (Double Tune
Multi Frequency) ICs to generate DTMF corresponding to a number or code in the
number pad and to detect the same number or code from its corresponding DTMF.
1.1 Features:
To control any electronic device with the help this circuit, there is a need of
pressing just a key of cell phone. This eliminates the drawbacks which would
have to be faced with device controlling through SMS.
The circuit is very much user friendly, as it gives voice acknowledgement.
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, Jaysingpur Page 1
The instructions which are to be preloaded in the voice recognition IC, can be
given in any language whish user understands.
The use of advance microcontroller reduces size of the hardware to a greater
extent.
There are no specifications for the kind of mobile used.
The set of instructions is very much simplified. This eliminates the requirement
of expert user. An introductory knowledge of mobile phone is more than
sufficient.
The numbers of devices that will be controlled through this circuitry are not
limited to one or two. But total 6 devices can be controlled with ON/OFF
facility of each.
The circuitry is flexible enough to allow more number of devices to be operated,
just by changing the software programming and relay driver IC.
1.2 Power Supply:
The performance of each and every electronic system or electronic circuit
depends upon the power supply that energizes the circuit or system. It provides required
current to the circuit. Any disturbance noise in this power supply can cause problem in
working or operation of circuit. If there is any deviation in this power supply level the
circuit may not work properly. The accuracy and precision of circuit operation depends
upon it. In some of the circuits all the calibration are done at this voltage level. So all
these calibrations becomes false if there is fluctuation in supply level.
1.3 Relay Driver:
The seven NPN Darlington connected transistors in these arrays are well
suited for driving lamps, relays, or printer hammers in a variety of industrial and
consumer applications. Their high breakdown voltage and internal suppression diodes
insure freedom from problems associated with inductive loads. Peak inrush currents to
500 mA permit them to drive incandescent lamps.
1.4 Microcontroller:
The P89V51RD2 is an 80C51 microcontroller with 64 kB Flash and 1024
bytes of data RAM. A key feature of the P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option. The design
engineer can choose to run the application with the conventional 80C51 clock rate (12
clocks per machine cycle) or select the X2 mode (6 clocks per machine cycle) to
achieve twice the throughput at the same clock frequency. Another way to benefit from
this feature is to keep the same performance by reducing the clock frequency by half,
thus dramatically reducing the EMI.
The Flash program memory supports both parallel programming and in serial
In-System Programming (ISP). Parallel programming mode offers gang-programming
at high speed, reducing programming costs and time to market. ISP allows a device to
be reprogrammed in the end product under software control. The capability to
field/update the application firmware makes a wide range of applications possible. The
2.2 Literature Survey:In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in wireless network deployment
and mobile device market penetration. With various research that promises higher data
rates, future wireless networks will likely become an integral part of the global
communication infrastructure.The hardware part comprises of microcontroller
AT89C51, DTMF decoder MT8870, voicerecording/playback device APR9600 and a
few discretecomponents. Microcontroller AT89C51 is the heart of thecircuit. It is a lowpower, high performance, 8bitmicrocontroller with 4 KB of flash programmable
anderasable read only memory used as on-chip programmemory, 128 bytes of RAM, 32
individually programmableinput/output lines, a five vector two-level interrupt
architecture, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.The software part consists of a
program for themicrocontroller is written using BASCOM microcontrollerprogramming
software.
From the NCIPET-2012 ,The author A. P. Bagade says that in paper [1]
describes the development of an ultra low cost cell phone based remote control
application for induction motor-pump based irrigation in agriculture. As mobile service
is used by everyone these days, this system will be very much useful in rural areas as
well the device control can be applied in every field like agriculture, home, factories
etc.
The device control through SMS(Short Message Service ) is already existing
system. But that has number of drawbacks. In that system there are certain
specifications for the use of mobile handset. If any mobile has been programmed for the
controlling and receiving purpose, then it cannot be replaced. Only GSM(Global
Mobile System) mobiles are compatible with this system. There are certain protocols set
used for the communication between two handsets. This increases the complexity of the
installation process. The main drawback is that, the illiterate people cannot operate this
system as it includes controlling through SMS.The use of mobile communication in
device control has been thoroughly justified and the previous drawbacks and problems
have been overcome.
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, Jaysingpur Page 4
1
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reduce the operational cost of the system to bare minimum. Information is exchanged in
form of messages / miscalls between the system and the user cell phones.
The paper[4] author namely S. L. Haridas, A. P. Bagade, P. R. Indurkar
(National Conference INDIN 2008, July 2008) describes Development of a Mobile
Based Device Remote Control with Voice Acknowledgment
Some wise scientist once said that control system is a system where we can shut
down the machine whenever we want. Thats the difference between controlled and
uncontrolled machine. Our project is about make this control system efficient and
dynamic. As the name suggested the automatic control is for controlling the motor from
remote place, look over its operating conditions; get feedback from the motor itself. Our
target is to control the motor from distant place by mobile DTMF tone and also get
Feedback by SMS while it is in ON or OFF condition. We also ensure the safe operation
of the motor by detecting the voltage of the source and ensure feedback from system
while it is over or under voltage. Again we also get these feedbacks by SMS as well.
GSM network is everywhere in our country thats why we choose GSM network
to operate our motor also transfer feedback information through it. We also use GSM
network because if we use it then we dont need to establish extra equipment for
networking.
To transmit feedback signals we use GSM modem at the motor end also
generate control signal by mobile DTMF because it is very easy to generate DTMF by
mobile station and send feedback SMS by Modem as well. In industrial sector we hope
our project is become handy and cost effective to operate motor and give its protection
Kamrul Hassan1, Raziul Islam Siddiqui2, Md. Takdirul Islam3, Nahid Alam
Siddique4, Syed Mohammad Enam Uddin5 (International Journal of Advancements in
Research & Technology, Volume 2,
Issue2, Feb ruary-2013 , ISSN 2278-7763)
GSM Based Automatic Motor Control and Protection System
3.1 INTRODICTION
3.1.1 Power Supply:The 230V AC mains is stepped down by transformer X1 to deliver the secondary
output of 9V, 500 mA. The transformer output is rectified by a full-wave bridge rectifier
comprising diodes D1 through D4, filtered by capacitor C16 and then regulated by IC
7806 (IC5). Capacitor C15 bypasses the ripples present in the regulated 6V power
supply. LED3 acts as a power-on indicator and resistor R16 limits the current through
LED3. Below Figure [3.1.1] shows circuit diagram of power supply..
So this kind of supply cannot be used where there is noticeable change in load current
frequently. But although many circuits works on unregulated supply because it requires
very few components and design is also very simple. Also some fluctuation in supply
level can be tolerated due to load current change. The regulated power supply is
required in digital circuits, the circuits in which the components cannot tolerate even
1% change in supply level like micro controller, micro processor etc..So here I am
giving the procedure to design regulated power supply that means which components
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 10
should be chosen to have required regulated output voltage with required current. The
procedure requires calculations based on some designing equations, some assumptions
and
approximations
that
we
must
take
during
designing.
Here is a circuit that lets you operate your industrial appliances like lights and
motors from your office or any other remote place. So if you forgot to switch off the
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 11
lights or other appliances while going out, it helps you to turn off the appliance with
your cell phone. Your cell phone works as the remote control for your home appliances.
You can control the desired appliance by pressing the corresponding key. The system
also gives you voice acknowledgement of the appliance status.
Microcontroller P89V51RD2 is at the heart of the circuit. It is a low-power,
high-performance, 8-bit microcontroller with 64 kB of flash programmable and erasable
read-only memory (EPROM) used as on-chip program memory, used as internal data
memory, 32 individually programmable input/output (I/O) lines divided into four 8-bit
ports, three 16-bit programmable timers/counters, a five-vector two-level interrupt
architecture, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.
The mobile unit is used to receive the DTMF signal from the user and also it is
used for transmission of the sound from the APR 33A3 IC. The DTMF decoder is used
for decoding the mobile signal. It gets DTMF tone from the mobile headsets speaker
pins and decodes it into 4-bit digital signal. Voice acknowledgement is provided by the
APR33A3 (IC2). It is a single-chip voice recording and playback device that can record
and play multiple messages at random or in sequential mode for 60 seconds. The user
can select sample rates with corresponding quality recording lengths. Microphone
amplifier, automatic gain control (AGC) circuits, internal anti aliasing filter, internal
output amplifier and message management are some of the features of the APR33A3.
The select switch is used to select the mode of operation, that is Manual operate,
Mobile operate and both of thi. The phase sensing circuit is used to sense the three
phase, if one of the phase vtg is absent then it sends the signal to the microcontroller
and then all the applications are switch off at this time.
Relays are components which allow a low-power circuit to switch a relatively
high current on and off, or to control signals that must be electrically isolated from the
controlling circuit itself. Newcomers to electronics sometimes want to use a relay for
this type of application, but are unsure about the details of doing so. Here a quick
rundown. To make a relay operate, you have to pass a suitable .pull-in. and .holding.
Current(DC) through its energizing coil. And generally relay coils are designed to
P
operate from a particular supply voltage. Often 12V or 5V, in the case of many of the
small relays used for electronics work. In each case the coil has a resistance which will
8
draw the right pull-in and holding currents when its connected to that supply voltage.
So the basic idea is to choose a relay with a coil designed to operate from the supply
9
voltage you.re using for your control circuit (and with contacts capable of switching the
currents you want to control), and then provide a suitable .relay driver. circuit so that
v
your low-power circuitry can control the current through the relays coil. Typically this
will be somewhere between 25mA and 70mA.Below Figure [3.1.3] shows Block
5
Diagram of our project.
Power
1 supply
R
D
Phase
Select switch
Sensing Circuit
APR 33A3
Relay Deriver
Manual Switch
DTMF
Mobile
Decoder
Unit
Figure[3.1.3]: Block diagram Cell phone based industrial automation with voice
ack.
Program files of our project is 8kb that why we use P89V51RD2 IC. The P89VRD2 IC
has 64kb programmable memory. It is 40 pin IC .The IC contains 4 port each port
contains 8 bit. In our project the port one use for DTMF decoder .DTMF input pin 2&3
1&4 are short circuited. Output pin given to Microcontroller (Q0 to Q3). The pin 5,6,7
is high &p 1.7 pin no 8 use for mode selection. The DTMF Decoder following features
Complete DTMF Receiver
Low power consumption
Internal gain setting amplifier
Adjustable guard time
Central office quality
Power-down mode
Inhibit mode
Backward compatible with
Port3 used for APR33A3 voice Recording & Playback. In APR33A3 IC we can store
the 8 message. But in our We control the 6 application that why we store 6 massage.
The Following Features of this IC
Operating Voltage Range: 3V ~ 6.5V
Single Chip, High Quality Audio/Voice Recording & Playback Solution
No External ICs Required
Minimum External Components
User Friendly, Easy to Use Operation
Programming & Development Systems Not Required
170/ 340/ 680 sec. Voice Recording Length in aPR33A1/aPR33A2/aPR33A3
Powerful 16-Bits Digital Audio Processor.
Nonvolatile Flash Memory Technology
No Battery Backup Required
External Reset pin.
Powerful Power Management Unit
Very Low Standby Current: 1uA
Low Power-Down Current: 15uA
Supports Power-Down Mode for Power Saving
Built-in Audio-Recording Microphone Amplifier
No External OPAMP or BJT Required
Easy to PCB layout
Configurable analog interface
Differential-ended MIC pre-amp for Low Noise
High Quality Line Receiver
High Quality Analog to Digital and PWM module
Resolution up to 16-bits
Simple And Direct User Interface
Averagely 1,2,4 or 8 voice record & playback
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 15
In our project we use 6 massage for example motor is on/off. Pin 10 to pin no15 the
massage is motor is & pin 16 & 17 the massage is on/off. Pin 18& pin 19 is crystal
oscillator. Pin 20 is ground pin. Port 0 used for manual switch. 6 applications you can
also operate manual through . pin 39 to pin 34 used for manual switch .pin 33 not used
in our project.p0.7 pin no 32 used for STD pin.pin 40 used for Vcc.
Port 2 used for Relay driver there are 6 relay for 6 application.pin 21 to pin 26 used for
6 application. The pin no 27 used for APR massage no 4.& p2.7 pin no 28 mode
selection. The relay driver following features
Output current (single output): 500 mA (max)
High sustaining voltage output: 50 V (min)
Output clamp diodes
Inputs compatible with various types of logic
Package Type-AP: DIP-16pin
Package Type-AFW: SOL-16pin
3.1.3 Microcontroller:
Port 0:
Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. Port 0 pins that have 1s
written to them float, and in this state can be used as high-impedance input. Port 0 is
also the multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses to external code
and data memory. In this application, it uses strong internal pull-ups when transitioning
to 1s. Port 0 also receives the code bytes during the external host mode programming,
and outputs the code bytes during the external host mode verification. External pull-ups
are required during program verification or as a general purpose I/O port.
Port 1:
Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 1 pins
are pulled high by the internal pull-ups when 1s are written to them and can be used as
inputs in this state. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally pulled LOW will source
current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. P1.5, P1.6, P1.7 have high current drive
of 16 mA. Port 1 also receives the
low-order address bytes during the external host mode programming and verification.
T2: External count input to Timer/Counter 2 or Clock-out from Timer/Counter 2
T2EX: Timer/Counter 2 capture/reload trigger and direction control
ECI: External clock input. This signal is the external clock input for the PCA.
CEX0: Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 0.Each capture/compare module
connects to a Port 1 pin for external I/O. When not used by the PCA, this pin can handle
standard I/O.
SS: Slave port select input for SPI
CEX1: Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 1
MOSI: Master Output Slave Input for SPI
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 16
Port 2:
Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 2 pins are
pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups when 1s are written to them and can be used as
inputs in this state. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally pulled LOW will source
current (IIL)because of the internal pull-ups. Port 2 sends the high-order address byte
during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external Data
Memory that use 16-bit address (MOVX@DPTR). In this application, it uses strong
internal pull-ups when transitioning to 1s. Port 2 also receives some control signals
and a partial of high-order address bits during
the external host mode programming and verification.
Port 3:
Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port within internal pull-ups. Port 3 pins are
pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups when 1s are written to them and can be used as
inputs in this state. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally pulled LOW will source
current (IIL)because of the internal pull-ups. Port 3 also receives some control signals
and a partial of high-order address bits during the external host mode programming and
verification.
RXD: serial input port
TXD: serial output port
INT1: external interrupt 1 input
INT0: external interrupt
T0: external count input to Timer/Counter 0
T1: external count input to Timer/Counter 1
WR: external data memory write strobe
RD: external data memory read strobe
Below Figure[3.1.5] shows pin-out diagram of microcontroller &Figure[3.1.6]
shows specific hardware of microcontroller.
Name
Bit Address
Explanation of Function
EA
AFh
AEh
Undefined
ADh
Undefined
ES
Ach
ET1
ABh
EX1
AAh
ET0
A9h
EX0
A8h
oscillator and latched three-state bus interface. Figure[3.2.1] shows pin-out diagram of
DTMF Decoder.
3.2.2 Functional Description
The MT8870D/MT8870D-1 monolithic DTMF receiver offers small size, low
power consumption and high performance. Its architecture consists of a bandsplit filter
section, which separates the high and low group tones, followed by a digital counting
section which verifies the frequency and duration of the received tones before passing
the corresponding code to the output bus.
DIP switches S17 and S18 select the control sources as shown in Table [3.2.3].
Table[3.3] Control Source selection using DIP switches
The device action subroutine changes the status of the device and calls the voice
alert subroutine. The voice alert subroutine checks the device status and device name
from the source input and controls the corresponding pins of IC2. First, it selects the
voice signal for the device name. After playing that, it selects on/off status of
corresponding device as mentioned in Table [3.4]
Table [3.4] Voice Recording chart
If you press * key followed by the device number on your mobile handset, it
will not change the status of that device and inform the current device status. If you
press device number followed by * key on your mobile handset, it will change the
status of that device and inform the changed device status. # key controls the voice
control subroutine and acts like a mute key. Below Table shows DTMF mobile value.
Table [3.5]DTMF Value of Mobile
In each case the coil has a resistance which will draw the right pull-in and
holding currents when its connected to that supply voltage. So the basic idea is to
choose a relay with a coil designed to operate from the supply voltage you.re using for
your control circuit (and with contacts capable of switching the currents you want to
control), and then provide a suitable .relay driver. Circuit so that your low-power
circuitry can control the current through the relays coil. Typically this will be
somewhere between 25mA and 70mA. Often your relay driver can be very simple,
using little more than an NPN or PNP transistor to control the coil current. All your
low-power circuitry has to do is provide enough base current to turn the transistor on
and off, as you can see from diagrams A and B.
In A, NPN transistor Q1 (say a BC337 or BC338) is being used to control a
relay (RLY1) with a 12V coil, operating from a +12V supply. Series base resistor R1 is
used to set the base current for Q1, so that the transistor is driven into saturation (fully
turned on) when the relay is to be energised. That way, the transistor will have minimal
voltage drop, and hence dissipate very little power .as well as delivering most of the12V
to the relay coil. How do you work out the value of R1? Its not hard. Let. Easy RLY1
needs 50mA of coil current to pull in and hold reliably, and has a resistance of 240W so
it draws this current from 12V. Our BC337/338 transistor will need enough base current
to make sure it remains saturated at this collector current level.
To work this out, we simply make sure that the base current is greater than this
collector current divided by the transistors minimum DC current gain hFE. So as the
BC337/338 has a minimum hFE of 100 (at 100mA), we need to provide it with at least
50mA/100 = 0.5mA of base current. In practice, you. give it roughly double this value,
say 1mA of base current, just to make sure it does saturate. So if your control signal Vin
was switching between 0V and +12V, you. Give R1 a value of say 11kW, to provide the
1mA of base current needed of to turn on both Q1 and the relay. Below Figure [3.3.1]
shows pin-out diagram of uln2003 & Figure [3.3.2] shows specific hardware of relays.
3.4.3Playback Massage
During the /REC pin drove to VIH, chip in the playback mode. When the
message pin (M0, M1, M2 M7) drove from VIH to VIL in playback mode, the
message playback starting. The message playback will continue until message pin drove
from VIH to VIL again or end of this message. The following fig. showed a typical
playback circuit for 8-message mode. We connected a slide-switch between /REC and
VSS, and connected 8 tact-switches between M0 ~ M7 and VSS. When the slide-switch
fixed in float side and any tact-switch will be pressed, chip will start message playback
and until the user pressed the tact-switch again or end of message. Figure[3.4.4] shows
Playback massage.
Note: After reset, /REC and M0 to M7 pin will be pull-up to VDD by internal resistor.
:
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 30
3.6 AND Gate:IC 78LS08 contains Four AND Gate we use two AND Gate in our
project.Output of AND Gate gives to the micro contrpller.AND Gate output obtain at
pin na 6 these Output gives to the micro controller.Below Figure[3.5.1] shows pin-out
of AND Gate.
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 31
3.7.6 Etching
Next comes etching of unwanted copper and whether a small single is all that is
required as quantity of board to be produce certain precautions must be taken before
operation is commenced the most used etch anti ferric chloride and to this is added
small quantity of HCL to accelerate. But not critical as lab construction is concerned .
Mixing 10 grams of ferric chloride and 25 grams of HCl with 15 grams of water
produce a good etchant.
Small plastic bath is ideal for storing the etchant process. The depth of liquid must be
sufficient to incomplete, the laminated board carrying the resist pattern circuit is then
dropped into etchant bath and the gentle agitation takes 5 to 20 minutes to complete
depending on the strength of the etchant temperature of copper foil.[2]
3.8APPLICATION
3.8.1 DC motor
A DC motor is any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current
electrical power into mechanical power. The most common types rely on the forces
produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal
mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction
of current flow in part of the motor. Most types produce rotary motion; a linear motor
directly produces force and motion in a straight line. DC motors were the first type
widely used, since they could be powered from existing direct-current lighting power
distribution systems. A DC motor's speed can be controlled over a wide range, using
either a variable supply voltage or by changing the strength of current in its field
windings. Small DC motors are used in tools, toys, and appliances. The universal motor
can operate on direct current but is a lightweight motor used for portable power tools
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 36
and appliances. Larger DC motors are used in propulsion of electric vehicles, elevator
and hoists, or in drives for steel rolling mills. The advent of power electronics has made
replacement of DC motors with AC motors possible in many applications.
Besides their high reliability and safety combined with long periods without
requiring maintenance, WEG DC motors have important characteristics that make them
stand out in the industry:
Wide range of speed variation
Dimensions according to ABNT and IEC
Low weight / power ratio
High efficiency
Low noise level
Low moment of inertia
High capacity for dynamic loads
Robust construction
High resistance to vibration
Excellent commutation quality
3.8.2 Fan
Principles of Cooling
Cooling the Human Body
Your body can cool down through three processes: convection, radiation, and
per- spiration. Ventilation enhances all these processes. Convection occurs when heat is
carried away from your body via moving air. If the surrounding air is cooler than your
skin, the air will absorb your heat and rise. As the warmed air rises around you, cooler
air moves in to take its place and absorb more of your warmth. The faster this
convicting air moves, the cooler you feel. Radiation occurs when heat radiates across
the space between you and the objects in your home. If objects are warmer than you are,
heat will travel toward you. Removing heat through ventila-tionreduces the temperature
of the ceiling, walls, and furnishings. The cooler your surroundings, he less heat youll
attract, and the more of your own excess heat youll lose. Perspiration can be
uncomfortable, and many people would prefer to stay cool without it. However, during
hot weather and physical exercise, perspiration is the bodys powerful cooling
Mechanism
4.1 Software of project:To overcome the above said drawbacks we are here proposing the then solution
by which we can achieve our goal. The block diagram of our proposed system is
shown below in figure 1 which is based on embedded system and mobile
technology. Flow chart showing how mobile based device remote control with voice
acknowledgment works. After getting the input from decoder conditional block will
check the option, if it is true then get the numeric input for that option and
according it will perform the operation and if input is wrong, system will get
another input option.
The technology used here is embedded system with mobile technology
which is future of todays modern electronics. Microcontroller is used here for
centralized operation and digital processing. A microcontroller can be considered a
self-contained system with a processor, memory and peripherals and can be used as
an embedded system.
We has also incorporated a special feature of voice acknowledgment with the
help of APR9600. The APR9600 device offers true single-chip voice recording,
non-volatile storage, and playback capability for 40 to 60 seconds. Thus the project
has become more users friendly and also efficient. The care has been taken while
developing its hardware and software part that it should be compatible with any
kind of mobile handset.
It is the software for run the program which is in the assembly language.
Create the hex file using this software.
Then burn the hex file into microcontroller by flash magic software.
Conclusion:
The cell phone-based device control with voice acknowledgement is an
excellent device to operate any electronic equipment from miles away as the mobile
technology is becoming advanced day by day; it is used for much other application as
device control. As mobile service is used by everyone these days, this system will be
very much useful in rural areas as well the device control can be applied in every field
like agriculture, home, factories etc. The use of mobile communication in device control
has been thoroughly justified and the previous drawbacks and problems have been
overcome.
The project Development of Cell-phone Based Device Control with Voice
Acknowledgement" an effective switching system for controlling home and industrial
appliances. The cell phone-based device control with voice acknowledgement is an
excellent device to operate any electronic equipment from miles away as the mobile
technology is becoming advanced day by day; it is used for much other application as
device control. As mobile service is used by everyone these days, this system will be
very much useful in rural areas as well the device control can be applied in every field
like agriculture, home, factories etc. The use of mobile communication in device control
has been thoroughly justified and the previous drawbacks and problems have been
overcome.
The project Development of Cell-phone Based Device Control with Voice
Acknowledgement" an effective switching system for controlling home and office
appliances. has been successfully designed and tested. It has been developed by
integrating features of all the hardware components used. Presence of every module has
been reasoned out and placed carefully thus contributing to the best working of the unit.
Secondly, using highly advanced ICs and with the help of growing technology the
project has been successfully implemented.
Finally we conclude that CELL-PHONE BASED WIRELESS HOME
APPLIANCES MONITORING AND CONTROL is an emerging field and there is a
huge scope for research and development .In the process of realizing this project, the
construction was initially carried out on a breadboard to allow for checking and to
ascertain that it is functioning effectively. All irregularities were checked then tested
and found to have a satisfactory output. Here is a circuit that lets you operate your home
appliances like lights and water pump from your office or any other remote place. So if
you forgot to switch off the lights or other appliances while going out, it helps you to
turn off the appliance with your cell phone. Your cell phone works as the remote control
for your home appliances. You can control the desired appliance by pressing the
corresponding key. The system also gives you voice acknowledgement of the appliance
status.
Future Scope
Video Calling: In future we can add video facility to our circuit. It will be an
advanced way like video conferencing. Along with the reply as a voice we
will get the visual status of condition of the devices. Also if anybody is
misusing our device we can immediately make it off. Means for security
purpose also we can use it. It will be applicable in home, offices, industry,
and our vehicle parking system, agriculture also.
Alarm Facility: Alerts user on occurrence of any abnormal conditions like
power failure, parameters exceeding prescribed limits, Voice Operated
System: A system is developed for remote monitoring and control of devices
using mobile through spoken command.
Use of Robots: In this the static circuitry will be replaced by the Robots
which will be controlled through commands given remotely by mobile. This
will be major step in automation and will have tremendous future scope of
development and applications.
References:
Book reference: The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems By Muhammad Ali Mazidi and
Janice Gillispie Mazidi. Pearson Education.
Journal paper: Author Namely Avigayan Datta Gupta , Sayan Samanta, Avishek Acharjee (ISSN
2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 10, October 2012) Cell phone Based Industrial
Automation With Voice Acknowledgement.
Author Namely Tujappa M. Ladwa, Sanjay M.Ladwa R. Sudharshan kaarthik,alok
ranjan Dhara, Nayan Dalei (ICICI-BME 2009 Bandung, Indonesia) describes Control
of Remote Domestic System Using DTMF
Author Namely Abdweli Abdillahi SouFi , Abdirasoul jabar Alzubai2 (International
Journal of Computational Engineering Research||Vol, 03||Issue, 8|| ||Issn2250-3005 || ||
August||2013|| Page 45) Remote Control System through Mobile and DTMF
Author namely S. L. Haridas, A. P. Bagade, P. R. Indurkar (National Conference
INDIN 2008, July 2008) describes Development of a Mobile Based Device Remote
Control with Voice Acknowledgment
Kamrul Hassan1, Raziul Islam Siddiqui2, Md. Takdirul Islam3, Nahid Alam Siddique4,
Syed Mohammad Enam Uddin5 (International Journal of Advancements in Research &
Technology, Volume 2,
Issue2, Feb ruary-2013 , ISSN 2278-7763) GSM Based
Automatic Motor Control and Protection System
WEBSITES:1. http://www.zarlink.com
2. http://www.worldofmcu.com/2012/12/dual-tone-multiple-frequency
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation
DATA SHEETS
P89V51RD2
8-bit 80C51 5 V low power 64 kB Flash microcontroller with 1 kB RAM
1. General description
The P89V51RD2 is an 80C51 microcontroller with 64 kB Flash and 1024 bytes
of data RAM.A key feature of the P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option. The design
engineer can choose to run the application with the conventional 80C51 clock rate (12
clocks per machine cycle) or select the X2 mode (6 clocks per machine cycle) to
achieve twice the throughput at the same clock frequency. Another way to benefit from
this feature is to keep the same performance by reducing the clock frequency by half,
thus dramatically reducing the EMI.
The Flash program memory supports both parallel programming and in serial
In-System Programming (ISP). Parallel programming mode offers gang-programming
at high speed, reducing programming costs and time to market. ISP allows a device to
be reprogrammed in the end product under software control. The capability to
field/update the application firmware makes a wide range of applications possible. The
P89V51RD2 is also In-Application Programmable (IAP), allowing the Flash program
memory to be reconfigured even while the application is running.
2. Features
80C51 Central Processing Unit
5 V Operating voltage from 0 to 40 MHz
64 kB of on-chip Flash program memory with ISP (In-System Programming)
and IAP (In-Application Programming)
Supports 12-clock (default) or 6-clock mode selection via software or ISP
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) and enhanced UART
Brown-out detection
Low power modes
Power-down mode with external interrupt wake-up
Idle mode
PDIP40, PLCC44 and TQFP44 packages
3. Ordering information
3.1 Ordering options
Table 1: Ordering information
Type number Package Version
Name Description
P89V51RD2FA PLCC44 plastic leaded chip carrier; 44 leads SOT187-2
P89V51RD2FBC TQFP44 plastic thin quad flat package; 44 leads SOT376-1
P89V51RD2BN PDIP40 plastic dual in-line package; 40 leads SOT129-1
switch, It is suitable in simple interface or need to limit the length of single message,
e.g. toys, leave messages system, answering machine etc. Meanwhile, this mode
provides the power-management system. Users can let the chip enter power-down mode
when unused. It can effectively reduce electric current consuming to 15uA and increase
the using time in any projects powered by batteries. Integrated Circuits Inc.
aPR33A1/aPR33A2/aPR33A3
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions
VDD Operating Voltage 3.0 6.5V
ISB Standby Current 1A
IPDN Power-Down Current 15 20A
IOP(IDLE) Operating Current (Idle)20 mAVDD = 5V
IOP(REC) Operating Current (Record) 35 mA VDD = 5V
IOP(PLAY) Operating Current (Playback) 25 mA VDD = 5V
VIH "H" Input Voltage 2.5 V
VIL "L" Input Voltage 0.6 V
IVOUT VOUT Current185 mA
IOH O/P High Current 8 mA VDD = 5V /VOH=4.5V
IOL O/P Low Current 14 mA VDD = 5V / VOH=0.5V
RNPIO Input pin pull-down resistance
300 K
External floating or drive low.
1M
External drive high.
RUPIO Input pin pull-up resistance 4.7K
Fs/FsFrequency stability 5 % VDD = 5V 1.0V
Fc/Fc Chip to chip Frequency Variation 5 %
MT8870D/MT8870D-1
ISO2-CMOS Integrated DTMF Receive
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 51
Features
Complete DTMF Receiver
Low power consumption
Internal gain setting amplifier
Adjustable guard time
Central office quality
Power-down mode
Inhibit mode
Backward compatible with MT8870C/MT8870C-1
Applications
Receiver system for British Telecom (BT) or
CEPT Spec (MT8870D-1)
Paging systems
Repeater systems/mobile radio
Credit card systems
Remote control
Personal computers
Telephone answering machine
The MT8870D/MT8870D-1 is a complete DTMF receiver integrating both the band
split filter and digital decoder functions. The filter section uses switched capacitor
techniques for high and low group filters; the decoder uses digital counting techniques
to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone-pairs into a 4-bit code.
Decoder Section
Following the filter section is a decoder employing digital counting techniques
to determine the frequencies of the incoming tones and to verify that they correspond to
standard DTMF frequencies. A complex averaging algorithm protects against tone
simulation by extraneous signals such as voice while providing tolerance to small
frequency deviations and variations. This averaging algorithm has been developed to
ensure an optimum combination of immunity to talk-off and tolerance to the presence of
interfering frequencies (third tones) and noise. When the detector recognizes the
presence of two valid tones (this is referred to as the signal condition in some
industry specifications) the Early Steering (ESt) output will go to an active state. Any
subsequent loss of signal condition will cause ESt to assume an inactive state (see
Steering Circuit).
Basic Steering Circuit
Steering Circuit
Before registration of a decoded tone pair, the receiver checks for a valid signal
duration (referred to as character recognition condition). This check is performed by an
external RC time constant driven by ESt.A logic high on EStcausesvc (see Figure 4) to
rise as the capacitor discharges. Provided signal condition is maintained (ESt remains
high) for the validation period (tGTP), vc reaches the threshold (VTSt) of the steering
logic to register the tone pair, latching its corresponding 4-bit code (see Table 1) into the
output latch. At this point the GT output is activated and drives vc to VDD. GT
continues to drive high as long as ESt remains high. Finally, after a short delay to allow
the output latch to settle, the delayed steering output flag (StD) goes high, signalling
that a received tone pair has been registered. The contents of the output latch are made
available on the 4-bit output bus by raising the three state control input (TOE) to a logic
high. The steering circuit works in reverse to validate the interdigit pause between
signals. Thus, as well as rejecting signals too short to be considered valid, the receiver
will tolerate signal interruptions (dropout) too short to be considered a valid pause. This
facility, together with the capability of selecting the steering time constants externally,
allows the designer to tailor performance to meet a wide variety of system
requirements.
Power-down and Inhibit Mode
A logic high applied to pin 6 (PWDN) will power down the device to minimize
the power consumption in a standby mode. It stops the oscillator and the functions of
the filters. Inhibit mode is enabled by a logic high input to the pin 5 (INH). It inhibits
the detection of tones representing characters A, B, C, and D. The output code will
remain the same as the previous detected code (see Table 1).
Differential Input Configuration
The input arrangement of the MT8870D/MT8870D-1 provides a differentialinput operational amplifier as well as a bias source (VRef) which is used to bias the
inputs at mid-rail. Provision is made for connection of a feedback resistor to the op-amp
output (GS) for adjustment of gain. In a single-ended configuration, the input pins are
connected as shown in Figure 10 with the op-amp connected for unity gain and VRef
biasing the input at 1/2VDD.
Crystal Oscillator
The internal clock circuit is completed with the addition of an external 3.579545
MHz crystal and is normally connected as shown in Figure 10 (Single-Ended Input
Configuration). However, it is possible to configure several MT8870D/MT8870D-1
devices employing only a single oscillator crystal. The oscillator output of the first
device in the chain is coupled through a 30 pF capacitor to the oscillator input (OSC1)
of the next device. Subsequent devices are connected in a similar fashion. The problems
associated with unbalanced loading are not a concern with the arrangement shown, i.e.,
precision balancing capacitors are not required.
Absolute Maximum Ratings1
2
3
4
5
Parameter
DC power Supply
Voltage
Voltage on any pin
Current at any Pin
Storage Temperature
Package
Power
dissipation
Symbol
VDD
Min
Max
7
Units
V
VI
II
TSTG
PD
VSS-0.3
VDD+0.3
10
+150
500
V
mA
C
mW
-65
Parameter
DC
Power
Supply Voltage
Operating
Temperature
Crystal/Clock
Frequency
Crystal/Clock
Frequency
Tolerance
Symbol
VDD
Min.
4.75
TO
-40
Type
5.0
Max.
5.25
Units
V
+85
Fc
3.5795
MHz
fc
+-0.1
Symbol
VCE(SUS)
Rating
-0.5~50
Unit
V
IOUT
VIN
VR
500
-0.5~30
50
mA/ch
V
V
IF
500
mA
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
PD
Topr
1.47
1.25(Note)
-40~85
Tstg
-55~150
DC Electric Characteristic-Vdd=5.0v,Vss=0v,-40C<To<+85C
Characteristics
Typ
.
Ma
x
Unit
s
Test Conditions
supply I
DDQ
10
25
uA
PWDN=V DD
Operating supply I DD
current
3.0
9.0
mA
Power
consumption
Po
15
V IH
V IL
Input
current
IIH/II
L
0.1
Pull
up
(source)current
I SO
7.5
Pull
down(sink)curren
t
I SI
15
Input
impedance(IN+,I
N-)
R IN
10
Steering
V Tst
1
2
3
Standby
current
SUPPL
Y
INPUT
S
leakage
Sym.
Mi
n
mW
Fc=3.579545MHz
VDD=5.0V
VDD=5.0V
uA
V IN=Vss or V DD
20
uA
TOE(pin
DD=5.0V
45
uA
INH=5.0V,PWDN=5.0V,
V DD=5.0V
@1KHz
V DD= 5.0V
3.5
1.5
2.2
2.4
2.5
10)=0,V
threshold voltage
Regulator IC 7805/06
Features
Output Current up to 1A
Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24V
Dr. J. J. Magdum College of Engineering, JaysingpurPage 57
7805 IC
7806 IC
Description
The KA78XX/KA78XXA series of three-terminal positive regulator are available in the
TO-220/D-PAK package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in
a wide range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut
down and safe operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If
adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A output current. Although
designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.
IC Specification:Parameter
Input
voltage(for
V0=5Vto
18V)(for
V0=24V)
Thermal
Resistance
Junction-Cases(TO220)
Thermal
Resistance
Junction-Air(TO-220)
Operating Temperature
Range(KA78XX/A/R)
Storage Temperature
Range
Symbol
VI
VI
Value
35
40
Unit
V
V
C/W
65
C/W
TOPR
0 ~ +125
TSTG
-65 ~ +150
R JC
R JA
AND GATEIC
78LS08 contains Four AND Gate we use two AND Gate in our project.Output of AND
Gate gives to the micro contrpller.AND Gate output obtain at pin na 6 these Output
gives to the micro controller.
Parameter
Rating
Vcc
Ilk
Supply Voltage
DC Input Diode current
VI=-0.5V
VI=Vcc+0.5V
-0.5V To +7.0V
DC Input Voltage
DC Output Diode Current
V0=-0.5V
VO=Vcc+0.5V
-0.5V To Vcc+0.5V
DC Output Voltage
DC Output or Sink Current
DC Vcc or Ground Current
per Output Pin
Storage Temperature
Junction Temperature
-0.5V To Vcc+0.5
+-50mA
+-50mA
VI
IOK
V0
I0
ICC or IGND
TSTG
TJ
-20mA
+20mA
-20mA
+20mA
-65C to+150C
140C