PROBLEMAS CAPITULO 3 DE LOCAL & METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORKS

1. An asynchronous device such as a teletype transmits characters one at a time with

unpredictable delays between characters. What problems, if any, do you foresee if
such a device is connected to a local network and allowed to transmit at will
(subject to gaining access to the medium)?. How might such problems be
resolved? Answer for ring, bus, and star.
2. Which combination or combinations of medium and topology would be
appropriate for the following applications, and why?
a. Terminal intensive: many terminals throughout an office: one or a few
shared central computers
b. Small network: fewer than 50 devices, all low speed (<56 kbps)
c. Office automation: a few hundred devices, mostly terminals and
minicomputers
3. Consider the transfer of a file containing one million characters from one section
to another. What is the total elapsed time and effective throughput for the
following cases?
a. A circuit-switched, star topology local network. Call setup time is
negligible, and the data rate on the medium is 64 kbps.
b. A bus topology local network with two stations a distance D apart, a data
rate of B bps, and a packet size P with 80 bits of overhead. Each packed is
acknowledged with an 88-bit packet before the text is sent. The
propagation speed on the bus is 200 m/s. Solve for:
(1) D= 1 km, B = 1 Mbps, P = 256 bits
(2) D= 1 km, B = 10 Mbps, P = 256 bits
(3) D= 10 km, B = 1 Mbps, P = 256 bits
(4) D= 1 km, B = 50 Mbps, P = 10.000 bits
c. A ring topology with a total circular length of 2D, with the two stations a
distance D apart. Acknowledgment is achieved by allowing a packet to
circulate past the destination station, back to the source station. There are
N repeaters on the ring, each of which introduces a delay of 1 bit time.
Repeat the calculation for each of b1 through b4 for N = 10; 100; 1000.
4. A 10-story office building has the floor plan of Figure 3.24 for each floor. A local
network is to be installed that will allow attachment of a device from each office
on each floor. Attachment is to take place along the outside wall at the baseboard.
Cable or wire can run vertically through the indicated closet and horizontally
along the baseboards. The height of each story is 10 feet. What is the minimum
total length of cable or wire required for bus, tree, ring, and star topologies?.

15

Closet

15
10

Corridor
Closet

Figure 3.24 Building Layout for a Local Network

5. A tree-topology local network is to be provided that spans two buildings. If
permission can be obtained to string cable between the two buildings, then one
continuous tree layout will be used. Otherwise, each building will have an
independent tree topology network and a point-to-point link will connect a special
communications station on one network with a communications station on the
other network. What functions must the communications stations perform?
Repeat for ring and star.
6. Consider a baseband bus with a number of equally spaced stations. As a fraction
of the end-to-end propagation delay, what is the mean delay between stations?
What is it for broadband bus? Now, rearrange the broadband bus into a tree with
N equal-length branches emanating from the headend; what is the mean delay?
7. Consider a baseband bus with a number of equally spaced stations with a data rate
of 10 Mbps and a bus length of 1 km. What is the average time to send a packet of
1000 bits to another station, measured from the beginning of transmission to the
end of reception? Assume a propagation speed of 200m/s. If two stations begin
to transmit at exactly the same time, their packets will interfere with each other. If
each transmitting station monitors the bus during transmission, how long before it
notices an interference, in seconds? In bit times?
8. Repeat problem 3.7 for a data rate of 1 Mbps.
9. Repeat problems 3.7 and 3.8 for broadband bus
10. Repeat problems 3.7 and 3.8 for a broadband tree consisting of 10 cables of length
100 m emanating from a headend.
11. Reconsider problem 3.4. Can a baseband bus following the IEEE 802 rules (500meter segments, maximum of four repeaters in a path) span the building? If so,
what is the total cable length?.

12. Reconsider problem 3.4 for a broadband tree. Can the total length be reduced
compared to the broadband bus?
13. Reconsider problem 3.4, but now assume that there are two rings, with a bridge
on floor 5 and a ring wiring concentrator on each floor. The bridge and
concentrators are located in closets along the vertical shaft.
14. At a propagation speed of 200 m/s, what is the effective length added to a ring
by a bit delay at each repeater:
a. At 1 Mbps?
b. At 40 Mbps?
15. System A consists of a single ring with 300 stations, one per repeater. System B
consists of three 100-station rings linked by a bridge. If the probability of a link
failure is Pl, a repeater failure is Pr , and a bridge failure is Pb, derive an expression
for parts (a) to (d):
a. Probability of failure of system B.
b. Probability of complete failure of system B
c. Probability that a particular station will find the network unavailable, for
systems A and B.
d. Probability that any two stations, selected at random, will be unable to
communicate, for systems A and B.
e. Compare values of parts (a) to (d) for Pl = Pb = Pr = 10-2
16. Consider two rings of 100 stations each joined by a bridge. The data rate on each
link is 10 Mbps. Each station generates data at a rate of 10 packets of 2000 bits
each per second. Let F be the fraction of packets on each ring destined for the
other. What is the minimum throughput of the bridge required to keep up?