SHIP CONSTRUCTIONSHIP DIMENSIONS

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Definitions and
ShipS DimenSionS
Hull:
The structural body of a ship including shell plating, framing, decks
and bulkheads.
Afterbody :
That portion of a ships hull abaft midships.
Forebody:
That portion of a ships hull forward midships.
Bow :
The forward of the ship
Stern :
The after end of the ship
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Length Overall

STARBOARD
Beam

PORT

bow

8/23/2014

midships

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

bridge

stern

starboard beam
starboard bow

starboard quarter

Dead Stern

Dead ahead

Port bow

port quarter

Port beam

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Port :
The left side of the ship when looking forward
Starboard :
The right side of the ship when looking forward

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

SHIP DIMENSIONS
Sheer aft

Sheer fwd
freeboard
Summer load line
Amidships

Length between perpendicular (LBP)

Length on waterline (LWL)
Length overall (LOA)

Aft
perpendicular

Fwd
perpendicular

Tumble home
Camber

Depth
Moulded beam
Draft
Base line
Rise of
floor

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Half siding of keel

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

 After Perpendicular (A.P.): A perpendicular

drawn to the waterline at the point where the aft
side of the rudder post meets the summer load
line. Where no rudder post is fitted it is taken as
the centre line of the rudder stock.
Forward Perpendicular (F.P.): A perpendicular
drawn to the waterline at the point where the
foreside of the stem meets the summer load line.
Length Between Perpendicular (L.P.P. / L.B.P.):
The length between the forward and the aft
perpendiculars measured along the summer load
line.
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

 Amidships: A point midway between the after

and forward perpendiculars
Length Overall (L.O.A.): Length of the vessel
taken over all extremities.
Base line: A horizontal line drawn at the top of
the keel plate. All vertical moulded dimensions
are measured relative to this line
Moulded beam: Measured at the midship
section is the maximum moulded breadth of the
ship
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

 Moulded Draft/ Draught: The distance from

the bottom of the keel to the waterline. The
load draft is the maximum draft to which a
vessel may be loaded
Moulded Depth: Measured from the base line
to the heel of the upper deck beam at the
ships side a idships.
Sheer: Curvature of decks in the longitudinal
direction. Measured as the height of deck at
side at any point above the height of deck at
side amidships
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

 Camber / Round of Beam: Curvature of decks

in the transverse direction. Measured as the
height of deck above the height of deck at
side
Rise of floor / Deadrise: The rise of the
bottom shell plating line above the base line.
This rise is measured at the line of moulded
beam
Half sliding of keel: The horizontal flat portion
of the bottom shell measured to port or
sta oa d of the ships lo gitudi al e t e
line. This is useful dimension to know when
dry-docking.
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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 Tumble home: The inward curvature of

the side shell above the summer load line.
Freeboard: the vertical distance measured
from the waterline to the top of the deck
plating at the side of the deck amidships.
Normally exposed to weather and sea.
Flare: The outward curvature of the side
shell above the waterline. It promotes
dryness and is therefore associated with
the fore end of ship
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Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

11

Extreme Beam:
The maximum beam taken over all extremities.
Extreme Draft:
Taken from the lowest point of keel to the summer load line.
Draft marks represent extreme drafts.
Extreme Depth:
Depth of essel at ships side f o
of keel.

uppe de k to lo est poi t

Half Breadth:
Si e a ships hull is sy
et i al a out the lo gitudi al
centre line, often only the half beam or half breadth at any
section is given.
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Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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SCANTLING
The dimensions of the structural items
of a ship, e.g. frames, girders, plating , etc.
INTERCOSTAL
Composed of separate parts, noncontinuous

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Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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CENTER OF FLOATATION
It is the center of the waterplane area and is the
axis about which a ship changes trim.
CENTER OF BUOYANCY
It is the center of the underwater volume of the
ship where the force of buoyancy acts.

CENTER OF GRAVITY
It is the point at which the whole weight of the
object may be regarded as acting. If the object is
suspended from this point, it will remain balanced and
not tilt.
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

14

TONNAGE MEASUREMENT
This is often referred to when the size of
the vessel is discussed, and the gross
to age is uoted f o Lloyds egiste .
Tonnage is a measure of the enclosed
internal volume of the vessel, 100 cubic
feet representing one ton
Its normally divided into categories as
follow:8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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1. Displacement Tonnage
A ships displa e e t is the su of the ships
a tual eight light eight a d its o te ts
(deadweight).
The metric unit of measurement is 1 tonne (=
1000 Kg).
The displacement represents the amount of
water displaced by the ship expressed in tonnes.
The weight of water displaced therefore equals
the weight of the ship
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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TONNE PER CENTIMETRE (TPC)

It is the mass required to increase the mean draught by 1
centimetre.
LOAD DISPLACEMENT
The weight of the ship and its content, measured in
tonne. The value will vary according to the ships draught.
DEADWEIGHT SCALE
It is a scale diagram indicating the deadweight of the ship
at various draughts.
FORM COEFFICIENT
It is devised to show the relationship between the form of
the ship and the dimension of the ship.

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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2. Lightweight Tonnage (LWT)

The lightweight is the weight of the ship as
built (hull, machinery) including boiler water,
lubricating oil and the cooling water system.
Lightweight like displacement is expressed in
units of tones.
It assumes importance in a commercial sense
only when considering the value of the vessel
which is to be broken up for scrape.
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Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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3. Deadweight tonnage (DWT)

Deadweight is the weight of the cargo
which a ship carries plus weights of fuel,
stores, water ballast, fresh water, crew
and passengers and baggage.
It is the difference between the loaded
ship displacement and the lightweight.

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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4. Gross Tonnage (GT)

Measurement of total internal volume of
a vessel and includes all under deck
tonnage and all enclosed spaces above
tonnage deck.
100 cubic feet of space being considered
as 1 ton

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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5. Nett Tonnage (NT)

Ship measurement derived from gross
tonnage by deducting spaces allowed for crew
and propelling power.
100 cubic feet of space being reckoned as 1
ton

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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Ship side markings

LOAD LINE
The marking on the ship side that relate to the loading
condition of the ship termed as the load line mark.
Load line mark
consists of a ring 300 mm in outside diameter and 25
mm thick which is
intersected by a horizontal line 450 mm in length and 25
mm thick, the upper edge of which passes
through the centre of the ring. The centre of the ring is
placed amidships and at a distance equal to the
assigned summer freeboard measured vertically below
the upper edge of
the deck line.
Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and
8/23/2014

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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Sailing ship

8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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ANY QUESTION?

THANK YOU!
8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

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