Questions for bta lab

1. a) What are the basic properties of thermistor? Describe cold (zero power) resistance and
hot resistance of thermistor. What are the medical applications of thermistor? A
thermistor has a positive temperature coefficient of +0.002 / /c at 25c. What is its
resistance at 98.6c if the normal resistance is 12.1k?
b) Exp: temperature measurement using thermistor with necessary equations.
2. a) Give the basic science of the thermistor with circuit symbols & packing style. What is
thermistor linearization? Explain the circuits used for this purpose. With a neat circuit
diagram explain the servo balanced thermistor thermometry system with digital read out.
Compare RTD with Thermistors?
b) Exp: temperature measurement using RTD with necessary equations.
3. Explain the different laws of thermocouple describe the principle behind thermocouple.
Explain the circuit used in compensating the reference junction in thermocouple?
b) Exp: temperature measurement using thermocouple with necessary equations.
4. What is the principle of operation of resistive strain gauge transducer? Derive an
expression for the gauge factor of resistive type of strain gauge. Mention different metals
and semiconductor materials for strain gauge with their relative merits over resistive one?
A thin constantan wire stretched taut has a length of 30mm and a cross sectional area of
0.01mm2 the resistance is 1.5. The force applied to the wire is increased such that the
length is increased by 10 mm and the cross- sectional area decreases by 0.0027mm 2 find
the change in resistance.
b) Exp: measure unknown weight using strain gauge.
5. Describe bonded and unbonded gauges with applications? Explain how temperature
compensation is achieved in measurement using strain gauges. A transducer with a
sensitivity of 5 V/V/g is used to measure a 120-gram force. Find the output voltage if
an 8V D.C excitation potential is used.
b) Exp: measure distance using LVDT.
6. With a diagram describe the principle of operation of an L.V.D.T transducer
(waveforms) with carrier amplifier and phase sensitive detector. What are its
biomedical applications? Briefly describe two applications of L.V.D.T.
b) Exp: measure distance using LVDT.
7. What is an inductive transducer? Explain the different working principles present in
various inductive transducers. Describe their merits and demerits.
b) Exp: measurement of angular displacement using using inductive/ capacitive pickup
8. Describe the application of two-coil inductance displacement transducer system in
medicine. (Monitor respiration in infants). Explain the basic principle of

phonocardiography? How can you measure phonocardio-graphic signals by using

variable inductance pressure transducer?
b) Exp: measurement of angular displacement using inductive/ capacitive pickup
9. What is capacitive transducer? Describe differential capacitive transducers and its
applications Describe the advantages of differential capacitive transducers with a neat
sketch.
b) Exp: measurement of angular displacement using inductive/ capacitive pickup
10. Explain principle behind photo- electric and piezoelectric transducers and its biomedical
applications. Mention the different basic deformation modes of piezoelectric materials.
Describe in detail the piezo electric transducers used to measure acceleration. Explain
how heart sound can be measured using catheter tip piezoelectric sensor.
b) Exp: measurement of speed.
11. How do you measure blood pressure? Define mean arterial blood pressure. What are the
methods & explain them in brief? Draw a plot of blood pressure curve during systolic &
diastolic identify the axis. What are the different modes of blood pressure measurement?
b) Exp: measurement of unknown pressure using pressure transducers.
12. Draw the circuits and derive the input output voltage relations of an integrator ,
differentiator, adder and subtractor.
b) Exp: verify the adder and subtractor circuits with voltages.
13. With a neat circuit diagram explain the operation of an instrumentation amplifier. Derive
the expression for its voltage gain. Design an instrumentation amplifier to be used for
ECG amplification with a gain of 200.
b) Exp: verify the gain of an instrumentation amplifier given to you..
14. Explain the concepts in biotelemetry. Draw and explain ECG telemetry system
b) Exp: verify the gain of an instrumentation amplifier given to you..
15. With a neat circuit diagram explain the operation of an instrumentation amplifier. Derive
the expression for its voltage gain. Design an instrumentation amplifier to be used for
ECG amplification with a gain of 200.
b) Exp: measure unknown level by using level measurement setup.