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Description
Basis of Selection
Material of construction
Relevant Codes & Standards

Pipe & Tube

Pressure tight cylinder used to convey a fluid or to transmit a
fluid pressure, ordinarily designated pipe in applicable material
specifications .Materials designated tube or tubing in the
specifications are treated as pipe when intended for pressure
service.

PIPING ASSEMBLIES
Assemblies of piping components is used to mix, distribute, separate,
discharge ,Meter & control the fluid flows.

CODES AND SCOPE

There are different kinds of codes. The

following are the commonly used codes for
piping:
ASME B31.1 Power piping
ASME B31.3 Process piping.
Scope of B31.3:
This code is developed considering piping

typically found in petroleum refineries, chemical,

pharmaceutical, textile, paper, and cryogenic
plants.

APPLICATIONS

This code applies to piping for all fluids, including:

Raw, intermediate & finished chemicals.

Petroleum products
Gas, steam, air, & water.
Fluidised solids.
Refrigerants &
Cryogenic fluids.

TYPES

Seamless - For Ex. In ASTM A106 we covers upto 48

Electric welded by resistance (Pr. With Electric) (ERW)
Longitudinal seam submerged-arc welded(SAW)
Gas metal arc welded (GMAW)
Combination of gas metal & submerged-arc weld
Double seam submerged-arc welded (DSAW)
Double seam gas metal arc welded
Helical seam submerged-arc welded

Socket weld:
It is normally used in small bore <2
Thread type:
It is normally used in small bore <2 like

instruments & fire hazard area (Galvanised)

Butt weld:
It is the best type for pipe joining. It is used in

>1 1/2.
High pr. & corrosive liquids this type is used for
all sizes.

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Fluid service
Pressure
Temperature
Mechanical properties
Tensile strength
Ultimate strength
% of Elongation
Corrosion allowances

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Prime classification:
Ferrous
Non-ferrous

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Ex:
CS A53
CS - A106
API 5L
LTCS - A333
ALLOY - A335
SS - A312
TP304
TP304L
TP321H
TP316L

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ASTM A106

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ASTM A333

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Where t =

PD____
2(SE+PY)

tm = PD

+C

2(SE+PY)
Ref. ASME B36.10 to find the wall thk. Of CS &

Alloy steel
Ref. ASME B36.19 to find the wall thk. Of SS

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Where

P = Design pressure
D = Outside diameter
S = Allowable stress appendix A
E = Joint quality factor as defined in 302 3.4
Y = Coefficient from 304.1.1

C = C1+C2
C1 = Corrosion allowance
C2 = Depth of thread (used only upto 1 NB)
tm = Mill tolerance
ex. 12.5% for ASTM A106
0.3mm for ASTM 672

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Temperature limits of the material, Refer ASME B31.3 in

Table A-1 (page 155)
Ex.
Temp. oC

Material
ASTM A106 Gr.B

-29 to 425

ASTM A53 Gr.B

-29 to 425

API 5L A25

-29 to 186

LTCS

A333 Gr.6

-46 to 425

Alloy

A335 Gr.P2 -29 to 537

ASTM A312 TP304L

-254 to 815

ASTM A312 TP321H

-184 to 537

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ASTM A333 GR-29

6

425

ASTM A53 Gr.B

-29

425

537

ASTM -300
A312 TP321H

815

ASTM
A312 TP304L
-425
425

ASTM A106 Gr.B

-29
186

API 5L A25
-29

537

ASTM A335 GR P22

-29
-600

-400

-200

200

400

600

800

1000

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PVC - POLYVINYL CHLORIDE

CPVC - CHLORINATED PVC
PTFE - POLY TETRA FLUORO ETHYLENE
RTRP - REINFORCED THERMO SETTING RESIN PLASTIC
FRP - FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC
PP - POLY PROPYLENE
GRP - GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC

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Chemical Composition (ASTM A751)

Heat Analysis
Product Analysis
Carbon Equivalent

Mechanical Testing (ASTM A370)

Tension Test
Bend Test
Flattening Test
Hardness Test
Flaring Test

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Tension Test
Yield Strength
Tensile strength
Elongation
Reduction of Area

Hardness Test
Brinell Test
Rockwell Test
Vickers Test

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Hydrostatic Test
Visual Inspection
Non Destructive Electric Test
Metallography (ASTM E&7)
Corrosion Test

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