Art G100

Get the facts, analyze then evaluate

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Principles of Design
o Unity and Variety
o Balance
o Emphasis Subordination
o Contrast
o Scale and proportion
o Repetition and Rhythm
o Tactility refers to texture
o Avant-Garde Ahead of the crowd
o Modernism The awareness of the problems and conditions of
the modern world that can be changed
o Cartoon
o Dry Fresco - Fresco Sacco
o Guam Sacco Wet Sacco
o Intonical- thin layer of limestone plaster
o Linseed Oil binder for oil wall painting
o Camera Obscura Dark room
Practice Test
o The organization of visual elements in a work of art is referred
to as design and composition
o To abstract means to extract the essence of an object or idea
o Abstract also means to modify the appearance of an object for
expressive purposes
o Art theories that focus attention on the composition of the
work and how earlier works may have influenced it are called
sociocultural
o Formalism looking at words through their origin and design
o Aesthetics The looks of things
o Expressive - holds an opinion
o Munsells color wheel has 5 primary colors (Red, Blue, Yellow,
Violet, Green)
o Color is a property of light
o Iconography the symbolic meaning of signs and subjects
o Mixed Media uses more than 1 medium
o Simultaneous Contrast Phenomenon in which two
complementary colors, if juxtaposed, intensify each other
o Divisionism/Pointillism using smaller units to make an image

o Chiaroscuro The use of gradations of light and shade, in

which forms are revealed by the subtle shifting from light to
dark areas, without sharp outlines
o Visible Spectrum When light of the sun passes through a
glass prism, it is separated into bands of color. That band of
colors is called the visible spectrum
o Linear Perspective System
o Hue refers to a particular wavelength of spectral color to
which we give a name
o Subordination When the artist creates neutral areas of lesser
interest that keeps us from being distracted from the areas of
emphasis
o Symmetrical Balance When forms, masses or elements
balance one another
o Scale is the size relation of one thing to another
o Proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole
o Format refers to the size and shape
o Hierarchical Scale the use of unnatural proportions to show
the relative importance of figures
o Style refers to a consistent and characteristic handling of
media, elements of form, and principles of design that make a
work of art identifiable as the product of a particular culture,
period, region, group, or person
o After Image The visual sensation that persists after the
external stimulus that first causes it has ceased
o Value the lightness or darkness of a hue
o Manuscript a handwritten book
o Illuminated Manuscript Handmade book with handmade
pictures
o Intensity the purity, brilliance, or saturation of a color
o Tertiary Color Colors made by combining a primary and
secondary color that are adjacent on the color wheel
o Impasto to create an illusion of texture
o Structuralism is a branch of the semiotic method where the
response of the viewer and the role of the artist are not taken
into account when interpreting an artwork
o Semiotics the method that interprets an artwork according
to a system of signs perceived in the artwork; each sign is
broken down into two parts: the signifier and the signified
o Signifier something that aids in the make of a sign/symbol
o Signified the symbol itself

o Rhythm The relationship, either in time or space, between

recurring elements of a composition
o Deconstructionism a branch of the semiotic method that
opens up structural methods and questions traditional
assumptions about what we see or think we see
o Marcel Duchamp was the first to call the works of Alexander
Calder Mobiles
o Original Work of art that the artist is physically involved with
o Impasto Extremely thick application of oil paint
o Original art in which an artist is physically involved
o Encaustic uses wax as a binder for pigment
o The three purpose of drawing are: to record, to study and to
make a finished artwork
o Cartoon a preparatory drawing
o Perspective the illusion of space in a drawing
o Liminal can be anything you want
o Hatching When an artist places parallel lines closely
together to create shade in a drawing
o Washes, Wet Media, Watercolor Drawings done with a thin
layer of water
o Impasto Extremely thick application of oil paint
o Glaze - A very thin transparent film of color painted over an
already-painted surface
o Watercolor The artist allows for the white of the paper to
produce Highlights
o Painters often create simulated textures with their work
o A primarily visual medium that is used to express ideas about
hour human experience and the world around us is a good
definition of art.
o Sculptors and architects use and manipulate actual texture
with the various materials they use whereas painters most
often create simulated texture with paint
o The particular material, along with the accompanying
technique is referred to as the medium
o The organization of visual elements in a work of art is referred
to as the composition and design
o Composition and Design the organization of visuals
o A work of art possesses balance when its visual weights or
masses are distributed in such a way that they achieve
harmony
o Pentimento Mistakes

o That which refers to an awareness of beauty or to that quality

in a work of art or other manmade or natural form which
evokes a sense of elevated awareness in the viewer is
aesthetics
o Curiostiy and creativity is fundamental to experiencing and
appreciating a work of art as it is to making one
o Art made by untrained people who are largely unaware of art
history or the art trends and fashions of their time refers to
Nave Artists
o The art made b people working within a tradition is called Folk
Art
o Art that does not depict the appearance of things is called
non-representational
o Objects that representational art depict are called subjects
o The direction of a line produces visual sensations
o To abstract is to
o Art theories that focus attention on the composition of the
work and how earlier works may have influenced it are called
socioculture
o The phenomenon of Figure ground reversal occurs when
positive and negative space change places in a composition
o When mass encloses space the space is called volume
o Shape
o Chiaroscuro is the use of gradations of light and shade, in
which forms are created
o Visual spectrum
o Hue
o Texture
o Unity is the appearance or condition of oneness
o Subordination
o Symmetrical balance
o Scale
o Proportion
o Format Size and shape
o Hierarchal scale
o Style
o After Image
o Value
o Vanishing point
o Tertiary Color
o Vantage point The point of view of the observer
o Themes or ideas in a work of art are referred to as content

o The repetitive arrangement of forms or designs is called

pattern
o Lack of precise symmetry in a balanced work is called
asymmetrical balance
o Representing objects from everyday life as they actually
appear is called
o Genre
o A shaman is the member of a society believed to have
spiritual qualities including the power to heal and change into
animal form
o Totem Ancestor
o The relationship, either in time or space, between recurring
elements of a composition is called a
o Sfumato uses gradations of light and shadow to produce a
hazy effect
o Deconstruction is a branch of the semiotic method that opens
up structural methods and questions traditional assumptions
about what we see or what we think we see
o Scenes of everyday life are called Genres
o Still Life drawings of inanimate objects
o Trompe Loeil Fool the eye
o High/ Low relief Sculpture attached to a surface
o Installation Sculpture arranged in a gallery or room
o Practical
o Aesthetic
o Symbolic
o Shell - Held together by gravity (no mortor)
o Skeleton
o Load bearing Weight of the units hold the structure together
o Dry Masonry building without water
o Dressed
o Crenellation for protection
o Post and Lintel Think of a unit of Stonehenge.
o MAKE A COPY OF THE DIAGRAM OF THE GREEK ORDERS
o Abacus the top part of the capital
o Echinus - bottom part of the capital
o Volutes
o Tensile
o Corbel Arch
o Course
o Springing Stone The bottom of the Corbel Arch
o Voussoir Blocks building up the Corbel Arch. Not includeing
the key stone or springing stone

o Keystone - The last piece on top

o When the Corbel arch is elevated off the ground it is then
called a Barrel Vault
o Groin/Cross Vault When you have barrel vaults intersect at
90 degree angles
o Pointed Arch Same as a corbel arch but the keystone is
pointy
o Ribbed Groin Vaults
o Minarets used to announce that it is time to pray: muslim
mosque architecture
o Pantheon
o Coffers
o Oculus
o In Leonardo Da Vincis The Last Supper the use o coffers
o Hue refers to the name of a color
o The technique used by Georges Seurat is pointillism
o Vincent van Gogh uses broken color in his painting Starry
Night
o Leonardo da Vinci employs sfumato in the Mona Lisa to create
a misty atmosphere
o Sculpture that moves is called kinetic sculpture
o The method of creating the illusion of depth on a 2-D surface
through the appearance of converging parallel lines and one
or more vanishing points is a linear
o Value in the art sense refers to the lightness and darkness of
surfaces
o Architects are primarily concerned with the qualities of space
o Sculptors and architects use and manipulate actual texture
with the various materials they use whereas painters most
often create simulated texture
o The fourth dimension is inertia
o Primary hues cannot be produced by an intermixing of other
hues
o The mixture of 2 primaries produce a secondary hue
o Munsell Color wheel 5 primary color wheel
o A shape in a work of art that resembles a living organism is
called biomorphic