[edit] Examples

Examples of intensive properties include:

temperature

chemical potential

density

specific gravity

viscosity

velocity

electrical resistivity

spectral absorption maxima (in solution)

specific energy

specific heat capacity

hardness

melting point and boiling point

pressure

ductility

elasticity

malleability

magnetization

concentration

Examples
Examples of extensive properties include[citation needed]:

entropy

enthalpy

energy

mass

particle number

resistance

stiffness

volume

Corresponding extensive and intensive thermodynamic properties

Extensive
Intensive
Symbol SI units
Symbol
property
property**
Volume
V
m3 or l* Specific volume***
v
Internal energy
U
J
Specific internal energy
u
Entropy
S
J/K
Specific entropy
s
Enthalpy
H
J
Specific enthalpy
h
Gibbs free energy
G
J
Specific Gibbs free energy
g
Heat capacity
Specific heat capacity
CV
J/K
cv
at constant volume
at constant volume
Heat capacity
Specific heat capacity
CP
J/K
cP
at constant pressure
at constant pressure
Main article: Intensive and extensive properties

SI units
m3/kg or l*/kg
J/kg
J/(kgK)
J/kg
J/kg
J/(kgK)
J/(kgK)

Thermodynamic properties and their characteristics

Property

Symbol

Units

Activity
Altitude

Chemical potential

kJ/mol

Compressibility (adiabatic)
Compressibility (isothermal)
Cryoscopic constant[1]
Density
Ebullioscopic constant
Enthalpy
Specific enthalpy

Pa1
S,
Pa1
T,
Kf Kkg/mol
kg/m3

Kb
J
H
J/kg
h

Extensive? Intensive? Conjugate Potential?

Particle
number

State Process
qty.? qty.?

Entropy
Specific entropy
Fugacity
Gas constant
Specific gas constant
(for a particular substance)
Gibbs free energy
Specific Gibbs free
entropy
Gibbs free entropy
Grand / Landau potential
Heat
Heat capacity (constant pressure)
Specific heat capacity
(constant pressure)
Heat capacity (constant volume)
Specific heat capacity
(constant volume)
Helmholtz free energy
Helmholtz free entropy
Internal energy
Specific internal energy
Internal pressure
Mass

S
s
f

J/K

Temperature

J/(kg K)
N/m
J/K

RS

J/(kg K)

J/(kg K)

Q
Cp

J/K

cp

J/(kgK)

Cv

J/K

cv

J/(kgK)

A, F

U
u
T
m

(entropic)

J
J
J/K

J/K

(entropic)

J
J/kg
Pa
kg

Particle number

Ni

Pressure

p
T
k

L
A
V

V
v
W

Pa

Chemical
potential
Volume

Entropy

Temperature
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Thermal expansion (linear)
Thermal expansion (area)
Thermal expansion (volumetric)
Vapor quality[2]
Volume
Specific volume
Work

(entropic)

W/(mK)
m/s
K1
K1
K1

m3
3

m /kg
J

Pressure

Specific properties are expressed on a per mass basis; in some circumstances other dimensions could be used, such
as per-mole