STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF

PRICES

O
F GROCERY ITEMS
SUBMITTED BY
Farhan Anwer

Reg#58159

Mohaddis Ali

Reg#58096

Hira Tariq

Reg#58073

Urooj Nazir

Reg#58124

SUBMITTED TO: SIR SHAHBAZ KHAN

ACKNOWDLEDGEMENT LETTER

TO:
DATE:

SIR SHAHBAZ KHAN (PAF-KIET)

March 25, 2014

SUBJECT: Report on statistical analysis on Prices of Grocery items.

This is the project of statistics

All praises and thanks are for Almighty ALLAH who is the source of
all knowledge and wisdom endowed to mankind and to the humanity
as a whole.
Behind every project is a vision and in order to complete a
successful project we must have a determination to complete that
vision. We would like to say the words of appreciation to our course
instructor Mr. Shahbaz khan for motivating us for going towards
that vision and his abilities to turn that vision into reality.
The encouragement and assistance of our parents, friends &
instructor. We are extremely indebted to the individuals who
supplied us with ample help, guidance and information without
which this report would never have been completed. We regret if we
have forgotten to mention anyone concerned.
Regards,
Students of MBA (Evening)

Farhan Anwer
Mohaddis Ali
Hira Tariq

Urooj Nazir

Objective
Analysis of prices of grocery items of last ten years
Following three items we selected for the analysis.

Sugar
Wheat flour
Pulse (moong)
We collected the data of above mentioned 3 grocery items from
different sources, like federal bureau of statistics, newspapers and web
site of Karachi foods and grocery. The prices of last 10 years have been
collected. The prices of last 10 years have been placed in SPSS for the
purpose of taking out their mean, median, mode, standard deviation
and variance.

Variables

1. Prices of Sugar
2. Price of Wheat Flour
3. Price of Pulse (Moong)
We have taken only the prices of last 10 years and run descriptive
statistics on the data.

Sugar.
Key Facts
No. of Mills
Crushing capacity
Contribution to economy
Share in GDP
Employment
Average yield per hector
Total cane production
Per capita consumption
Contribution to exchequer

More than 82
6.1 million tones
3.0 4.0 million tones
1.9 %
1.5 million (directly & indirectly)
46.8 Tones
45 55 million tones
25.8 kgs per capita
R.s 12.16 billion

During the last crushing season 2012-13, the industry exported about
1.2m tones of sugar and earned precious foreign exchange of $600m
for the country, the letter says. It demands the continuation of the
same export policy and incentives for the current season and removal
of all conditions.

Sugar prices from year 2005 2014 march

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

25.34

35

26

31.80

46.66

70.80

68.74

53.64

52.58

Statistics
Sugar
Valid

10

Missing

Mean

46.3560

Median

49.6200
25.34a

Mode
Std. Deviation

16.43660

Variance

270.162

Skewness

.140

Std. Error of Skewness

.687

Sum

463.56

a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is

shown
Sugar
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative
Percent

Valid

25.34

10.0

10.0

10.0

26.00

10.0

10.0

20.0

31.80

10.0

10.0

30.0

35.00

10.0

10.0

40.0

46.66

10.0

10.0

50.0

52.58

10.0

10.0

60.0

53.00

10.0

10.0

70.0

53.64

10.0

10.0

80.0

2014March
53

68.74

10.0

10.0

90.0

70.80

10.0

10.0

100.0

Total

10

100.0

100.0

One-Sample Statistics
N
Sugar

Mean
10

Std. Deviation

46.3560

Std. Error Mean

16.43660

5.19771

One-Sample Test
Test Value = 49.62
t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean

98% Confidence Interval of the

Difference

Difference
Lower

Sugar

-.628

.546

-3.26400

-17.9290

Upper
11.4010

Conclusion :
The average price of sugar of last ten year is 46.36 & skewness is 0.140 so, it is normally
distributed. P-value is 0.546 which is greater than level of significance (0.02 ) so, accept Null
hypothesis

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid
N

Missing
Percent

Sugar

10

100.0%

Total

Percent
0

0.0%

Percent
10

100.0%

Descriptives
Statistic
Mean

Sugar

Std. Error

46.3560

98% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

31.6910

Mean

Upper Bound

61.0210

5% Trimmed Mean

46.1656

Median

49.6200

Variance

270.162

Std. Deviation

5.19771

16.43660

Minimum

25.34

Maximum

70.80

Range

45.46

Interquartile Range

27.06

Skewness
Kurtosis

.140

.687

-1.222

1.334

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
Sugar

.155

df

Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.

10

Statistic

.200*

.919

df

Sig.
10

.349

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Conclusion:
From Shapiro-Wilk test significant value is found to be 0.349 which is greater than level of
significance 0.02 so, accept null hypothesis

2. Pulse (Moong)
Mungbean prices from year 2005 2014 March
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

45

45.52

50

50

60

80

103.2
3

115

123.3
0

125

Statistics
Pulses
Valid

10

Missing

Mean

79.7050

Median

70.0000

Mode

50.00

Std. Deviation

33.79271

Variance

1141.947

Skewness

.327

Std. Error of Skewness

.687

Sum

797.05

Pulses
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative
Percent

Valid

45.00

10.0

10.0

10.0

45.52

10.0

10.0

20.0

50.00

20.0

20.0

40.0

60.00

10.0

10.0

50.0

80.00

10.0

10.0

60.0

103.23

10.0

10.0

70.0

115.00

10.0

10.0

80.0

123.30

10.0

10.0

90.0

125.00

10.0

10.0

100.0

10

100.0

100.0

Total

One-Sample Statistics
N
Pulses

Mean
10

Std. Deviation

79.7050

Std. Error Mean

33.79271

10.68619

One-Sample Test
Test Value = 70.00
t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean Difference

98% Confidence Interval of the

Difference
Lower

Pulses

.908

.387

9.70500

-20.4454

Upper
39.8554

Conclusion:
The average price of pulses from last ten years is 79.70& skewness is 0.327 means sample data is
normally distributed. From hypothesis testing P-value is found to be 0.387 which is greater than level of
significance (0.02) so, accept Null hypothesis

Cases
Valid
N

Missing
Percent

Pulses

10

Total

Percent

100.0%

0.0%

Percent
10

100.0%

Descriptives
Statistic
Mean

Pulses

Std. Error

79.7050

98% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

49.5546

Mean

Upper Bound

109.8554

5% Trimmed Mean

79.1167

Median

70.0000

Variance

1141.947

Std. Deviation

33.79271

Minimum

45.00

Maximum

125.00

Range

80.00

Interquartile Range

68.20

Skewness
Kurtosis

10.68619

.327

.687

-1.962

1.334

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
Pulses

.220

df

Sig.
10

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Conclusion:

Shapiro-Wilk

.186

Statistic
.837

df

Sig.
10

.041

3. Prices of Wheat flour

Wheat flour price per Kg
2005
14.30

2006
14

2007
15.55

2008
20

2009
25

2010
28.20

2011
35

Statistics
Wheat
Valid

10

Missing

Mean

28.0450

Median

26.6000

Mode

45.00

Std. Deviation

12.23325

Variance

149.652

Skewness

.252

Std. Error of Skewness

.687

Sum

280.45

Wheat
Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative
Percent

Valid

14.00

10.0

10.0

10.0

14.30

10.0

10.0

20.0

15.55

10.0

10.0

30.0

20.00

10.0

10.0

40.0

25.00

10.0

10.0

50.0

28.20

10.0

10.0

60.0

35.00

10.0

10.0

70.0

38.40

10.0

10.0

80.0

45.00

20.0

20.0

100.0

Total

10

100.0

100.0

2012
38.40

2013
45

2014
45

One-Sample Statistics
N
Wheat

Mean
10

Std. Deviation

28.0450

12.23325

Std. Error Mean

3.86849

One-Sample Test
Test Value = 26.60
t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean Difference

98% Confidence Interval of the

Difference
Lower

Wheat

.374

.717

1.44500

-9.4697

Upper
12.3597

Conclusion:
The average price of wheat from last ten years is 28.04 & skewness is 0.252 it shows sample data
is normally distributed. From hypothesis testing it shows P-value is 0.717 which is greater than
alpha (0.02) so, accept null hypothesis

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid
N

Missing
Percent

Wheat

10

100.0%

Total

Percent
0

0.0%

Percent
10

100.0%

Descriptives
Statistic
Mean

Wheat

Std. Error

28.0450

98% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

17.1303

Mean

Upper Bound

38.9597

5% Trimmed Mean

27.8833

Median

26.6000

Variance

149.652

Std. Deviation

3.86849

12.23325

Minimum

14.00

Maximum

45.00

Range

31.00

Interquartile Range

24.81

Skewness
Kurtosis

.252

.687

-1.587

1.334

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
Wheat

.146

df

Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.

10

.200*

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Conclusion:

Statistic
.897

df

Sig.
10

.201