Name: ..

CT Group: .......

Date:

Raffles Institution
Year 5 H2 Chemistry Practical 2013

Experiment 1:
Worksheet Title:

Acid-Base Titration
To standardise the concentration of hydrochloric acid

Questions
1

(a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and
sodium hydroxide.
[1]
NaOH(aq) + HCl (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O(l)
(b) Write the net ionic equation for a neutralisation reaction. This equation does not
contain any spectator ions, i.e. the ions which appear on both sides of the
equation.
[1]
H+(aq) + OH(aq) H2O(l)

Results

In your presentation of results, you should record

1.
pipette reading to 1 decimal place, e.g. 25.0 cm3
2.
burette reading to 2 decimal places, ending with a 0 or 5, e.g. 24.35 cm3
3.
average titre volume to 2 decimal places, showing your working clearly

Titration number

Final burette reading /cm3

25.10

26.10

Initial burette reading /cm3

0.00

1.00

Choice = 1

Volume of FA2 used /cm3

25.10

25.10

A=8

Values used (please tick)

2dp [1]

Average volume of FA2 used = (25.10 + 25.10)/2 = 25.10 cm3

Volume of FA1 pipetted = 25.0 cm3
Indicator used: Methyl orange
Colour change at the end-point: Yellow to orange ..
Summary: 25.0.. cm3 of FA1 required 25.10 cm3 of FA2 for complete reaction.

Raffles Institution 2013

Year 5 Term 1 Week 7

Treatment of results
In presenting your working and answers, you should
1. write clear and proper statements
2. quote relative atomic mass (Ar) and relative molecular mass (Mr) to 1 decimal place
3. present all intermediate working to 4 significant figures
4 present final answer to each part to 3 significant figures
2

(a) Calculate the number of moles of NaOH present in 25.0 cm3 of FA1 solution.

[1]

Amt of NaOH in 25.0 cm3 solution = 0.100 25.0/1000

= 2.50 103 mol (3 sf)
(b) Calculate the number of moles of HCl used in the titration.
Amt of HCl = Amt of NaOH = 2.50 103 mol (3 sf)

[1]

(c) Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 1 dm3 of the acid and hence its
concentration in g dm3.
[2]
Amt of HCl in 1 dm3 = 2.50 103 / 25.10 103
= 0.0996 mol (3 sf)
Concentration of HCl = 0.0996 x (35.5 + 1.0)= 3.64 g dm3
(d) Calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride produced in the titration and
hence its mass in grams.
[2]
[Ar: H, 1.0; Na, 23.0; Cl, 35.5]
Amt of sodium chloride = Amt of NaOH = 2.50 103 mol (3 sf)
Mass of sodium chloride = 2.50 103 x (23.0 + 35.5) = 0.146 g (3 sf)
Discussion Questions
3 Refer to the experimental procedure.
(a)

To ensure there was no dilution when they were filled with the
solutions to be titrated.

(b)

The sloping sides prevent spillage. Loss of an amount of the acid or

alkali due to the spillage will make the titration inaccurate.

(c) So that no extra amount of NaOH will be present in the flask.

(d) The amount of water present does not affect the amount of NaOH that was pipetted
into the flask.
(e) Why was it necessary to swirl the conical flask continuously during the titration?

[1]

To ensure that the reactants are homogeneously mixed and reacted so that reaction
will not take a longer time to reach completion. Or to avoid adding excess amount of
titrant.

Raffles Institution 2013

Year 5 Term 1 Week 7

Or

(f) To wash down any unreacted solution adhering to sides of conical flask
for complete reaction. Otherwise the titre volume would be higher or
lower than expected.
(g)
The titre value should remain the same.
HCl is a strong acid and NaOH is a strong base. The pH range of all 2 indicators
coincides with the region of sharp pH change in the titration curve of this SA-SB
neutralisation
Hence, both indicators are suitable.
The titration result obtained using thymol blue is slightly lower because the pH
range of thymol blue (pH 8.09.6) is higher than that of methyl orange (pH 3.1
4.4).
However, as the region of rapid pH change for such a SA-SB titration is 4-10, both
indicators are suitable for the titration.

4 H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

If concentration of NaOH = 0.100 mol dm3
Amt of NaOH = 0.100 x 25.0 x 103 = 2.50 x 103 mol
Amt of H2SO4 = 2.50 x 103 / 2 = 1.25 x 103 mol
Volume of H2SO4 = 1.25 x103 / 0.200 = 6.25 x 103 dm3 = 6.25 cm3
The titre volume of H2SO4 will be much lesser than 10.00 cm3, hence
0.100 mol dm3 is not a suitable concentration since a high percentage error in
measurement is expected when a small volume is measured.
In teachers copy only
Assume that titre value is 10.00 cm3,
Amt of H2SO4 = 0.200 x 10.00 /1000 = 2.00 x 103 mol
Amt of NaOH = 2 x 2.00 x 103 = 4.00 x 103 mol
Concentration of NaOH = 4.00 x 103/25 x103 = 0.160 mol dm3
Assume that titre value is 30.00 cm3,
Amt of H2SO4 = 0.200 x 30.00 /1000 = 6.00 x 103 mol
Amt of NaOH = 2 x 6.00 x 103 = 0.0120 mol
Concentration of NaOH = 0.012 /25 x103 = 0.480 mol dm3
A suitable concentration of NaOH should be between 0.160 0.480 mol dm3

Raffles Institution 2013

Year 5 Term 1 Week 7