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This article provides you with a example dye penetrant inspection procedure. This
procedure contains water washable process with fluorescent systems and dry
developer
1.0
SCOPE
1.1
PURPOSE:
2.1
The requirements are intended to detect discontinuities that are open to test-surface
and free from contaminants by interpreting the surface indications and evaluating them in
accordance with the applicable referenced codes, standards or specifications by certified NDT
personnel qualified in PT to Level II.
2.2
Any conflicts between any points of this procedure and the referenced documents or
job specifications of customer shall be resolved (if given in writing) by the appointed ASNT
NDT Level III or the Divisional Manager (NDT) or his authorised representative.
2.4
Washable Process, specific technique sheets shall be attached as Annex: IV etc., with the
written approval of NDT Level III.
3.0
REFERENCES:
4.0
4.1
over the surface being examined and allowed to enter open discontinuities. After a suitable
dwell time, the excess surface penetrant is removed. A developer is applied to draw the
entrapped penetrant out of the discontinuity and stain the developer. The test surface is then
examined to determine the presence or absence of indications.
Note: Caution - Fluorescent penetrant examination shall not follow a visible penetrant
examination because visible dyes may cause deterioration or quenching of fluorescent dyes.
4.2
penetrant removal methods, are determined by the specific materials used, the nature of the
part under examination, (that is, size, shape, surface condition, alloy) and type of
discontinuities expected.
4.3
Liquid penetrant examination methods indicate the presence, location and, to a limited
extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. Each of the various
methods has been designed for specific uses such as critical service items, volume of parts,
portability or localised areas of examination. The method selected will depend accordingly on
the service requirements.
4.4
surface of the test part, after a suitable penetrant dwell time. Because the emulsifier is builtin to the water-washable penetrant, it is extremely important to exercise proper process
control in removal of excess surface penetrant to ensure against overwashing. Waterwashable penetrants can be washed out of discontinuities if the rinsing step is too long or too
vigorous. Some penetrants are less resistant to overwashing than others.
4.5
5.1 This procedure is intended for use with the following consumables or their equivalent. It
has to be ensured that the consumables are selected in such a way that they are compatible
to the test surface and object and as per test requirements.
Dye Penetrant Inspection - Water Washable, Fluorescent Penetrant System
Manufacturer
PENETRANT
REMOVER
DEVELOPER
Sherwin
HM-440, HM-430
Water
D-100, D-100NF
Ardrox
Water
9D1B
Magnaflux
ZL-60C
Water
SKD-LT or ZP-9F
5.2
Intermixing
of
penetrant
materials
from
different
families
When testing nickel based alloys, austenitic stainless steels and titanium,
contaminant content of penetrant materials shall be controlled. Control shall be
PARTS TO BE EXAMINED:
procedure
shall
be
used
---------------------------------------------------------------
for
in
parts
accordance
with
SURFACE PREPARATION:
Prior to the test, the area to be inspected and
EXAMINATION:
8.1
The temperature of the penetrant materials and the surface of the part should be
between ----- and ----- for fluorescent water washable penetrants and
8.2
After the elapse of penetrant dwell time, the excess penetrant is removed by
water spray. Water at --- to --- and a pressure not exceeding ---- is applied with
droplet type sprayer specifically designed for penetrant removal. The nozzle of
sprayer is held so that water strikes the surface of the specimen at an angle of
approximately ---- degrees. Care is to be taken to avoid over-washing, which
causes washout of penetrant from discontinuities. Other methods of referenced codes or
specifications could also be used if applicable for the test surface conditions.
8.5
The test surface must be dry prior to the application of non-aqueous or dry
developers
Excessive heat or too long a drying time tends to bake the penetrant
out of discontinuities.
8.6
When the drying process is complete, the specimen is ready for the application
Indications getting formed and formed at the test surface (by the blotting
Lighting Conditions:
The
such
examination purposes.
Note: The recommended minimum light intensity is intended for general usage.
For critical examination, higher intensity levels may be required.
Black Light Warm Up - Allow the black light to warm up for a minimum of 10 min
prior to its use or measurement of the intensity of the ultraviolet light emitted.
Visual Adaptation - The examiner should be in the darkened area for at least 5
min before examining parts to allow the eyes to adapt to the dark viewing.
Caution - Photochromic lenses shall not be worn during examination.
9.0
9.1
All
indications
shall
be
evaluated
in
accordance
of
the
----------------------------------9.2
Acceptance
Criteria
are
listed
for
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------nt.
Any
conflicts
and
between
these
documents
based on the size of the indication. Linear indications are those having a length
greater than three times the width.
circular or elliptical shape with the length equal to or less than three time the
width.
9.7 All examination shall be reported on the penetrant testing report form.
10.
10.1
SAFETY:
The certified Inspector shall be responsible for compliance with applicable
10.3
Penetrant materials may be highly volatile, relatively toxic and the liquid
may cause skin irritation. Adequate ventilation at all times shall be used.
10.5
Avoid looking directly into black light source, since the eyeball contains a
fluid that fluoresces if black light shines directly into the eye.
11.
POST CLEANING:
11.1
penetrant process.
11.2
solvent soak
11.3
may be employed.
by flushing surface with forced water spray or by. Clean cloth and or absorbent
paper towel and or dry air jet could also be used.
12.
12.1
.
PENETRANT TESTING ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
The acceptance criteria given hereunder for relevant indications for various
------------------------ shall be used in general throughout of Third Party. The
inspector using this is cautioned that Code requirements do change, and that in the case
of conflict it shall be referred (in writing) to the appointed NDT Level III or the Divisional
Manager (NDT) .