PREPARATION OF ALKENES (FORMATION OF ALKENE, CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE

BOND)
1) DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOL
REAGENT: conc. H2SO4,
Step 1: remove OH , formation of carbocation
STEP 2: remove H adjacent to the carbocation
H3C

CH2 CH CH3

conc. H2SO4

OH

2) DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF HALOALKANE
REAGENT: KOH, EtOH, reflux
Step 1: remove X , formation of carbocation
STEP 2: remove H adjacent to the carbocation
H3C

CH2 CH CH3
Br

KOH, EtOH
reflux

DETERMINATION MAJOR AND MINOR PRODUCTS OF ALKENES

SAYTZEFFS RULE: Elimination usually gives the most stable alkene product,
commonly the most highly substituted alkene.

CH3
H3C

CH

CH3

H3C

CH2

CH

CH2

Draw products formed for each of the reaction below, and identify major and minor
products
CH3
H3C

CH2 C

CH2 CH3

OH
CH3
H3C

CH CH CH3
Cl

I
OH

Br

OH

CHOHCH3