LETTER SEEKING ACCEPATANCE FOR VALIDATION OF TOOL AND NEED

BASED EDUCATION
From:
Mittal Panchal
M.Sc.Nursing (OBG)
Sumandeep Nursing College,
Vadodara.
Forwarded through:
Mr.Ravindra H.N
Principal, Sumandeep Nursing College
Piparia, Waghodiya, Vadodara.

To,
Mrs. Varsha mam
ChoithramCollege of Nursing
Manik baugh road
Indore (MP)
Subject:-Letter for opinion and suggestion of experts for establishing content validity of
the research tool.
Respected sir/madam
I am conducting a nursing research for my P.G. Dissertation for the partial fulfillment of the university
requirement of Master of Nursing in Obstetric & Gynaecological Nursing.
Topic: A comparative study to assess the level of knowledge on infertility among

infertile couples of selected rural and urban community of vadodara district, Gujarat
state
I hereby, request you to kindly provide your valuable opinion. I also request you to kindly
sign the certificate stating that you have validated the tool.
Thanking you in anticipation.
Date: - Yours sincerely,
Place: -PipariaMittal Panchal
Here with I am enclosing:
1
2
3
4
5

Statement &Objectives of the study

Blue print of interview questionnaire
Demographic tool

Structured interview questionnaire

Certificate of validations

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A comparative study to assess the level of knowledge on infertility among infertile
couples of selected rural and urban community of Vadodara district, Gujarat state

OBJECTIVES
1) To assess the level of knowledge on infertility among infertile couples who are
residing in rural and urban community.
2) To prepare and administer information booklet on infertility.
3) To compare the knowledge on infertility among infertile couples of selected rural and
urban community.
4) To determine the association between the level of knowledge on infertility among
infertile couples in rural and urban community with their selected demographic
variables.

BLUE PRINT OF STRUCTURED INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE

SR.NO.

AREA

ITEM NO.

TOTAL

PERCENTAGE

TOOL - II
INTERVIEW
QUESTIONNAIRE
1.

GENERAL ASPECTS OF
INFERTILITY

1,2,3,4

04

11.42%

2.

ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE
AND FEMALE
REPRODUCTION

5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12

08

22.85%

3.

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT
PREGNANCY

13,14,15,16,17

05

14.28%

4.

CAUSES OF INFERTILITY

18,19,20

03

8.57%

5.

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT
DIAGNOSIS OF
INFERTILITY

21,22,23

03

8.57%

6.

PSYCHOLOGICAL
RESPONSE WITH
INFERTILITY

24

01

2.85%

7.

KNOWLEDGE ON
TREATMENT OF
INFERTILITY

25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32

08

22.85%

8.

PREVENTION OF
INFERTILITY

33,34,35

03

8.57%

35

100%

TOTAL

SECTION: - A
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DATA

INSTRUCTION:
Dear participant,
The tool contains demographic data of the participants. The participants are requested to
cooperate and kindly give the relevant information. The information collected from you will
be kept confidential and will be used for research purpose only.
SAMPLE No
1. Age (in years)
a. 20 - 25
b. 25 - 30
c. 30 - 35
d. 35 40

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2. Sex
a. Male
b. Female

3. Educational status
a. Illiterate

b. Primary & Secondary

c. Higher secondary

d. Graduate & Post Graduate

(
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4. Religion
a. Hindu
b. Muslim
c. Christian
d. Others (specify ____)

5. Type of family
a. Nuclear
b. Joint
c. Extended

(
(
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6. Family income
a. Less than 5,000/- month
b. 5,001 10,000/- month
c. 10,001 15,000/- month
d. More than 15,000/- month

)
)
)
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)

7. Duration of infertility( in years )

a. 1 -3

b. 3 -6

c. 6 -9

d. Above 10

8. Treatment option
a. Drug therapy
b. Hormonal therapy
c. IVF
d. Surrogacy
e. Adoption

(
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)

9. Source of information
a. Family members / relatives
b. Health personal
c. Print media
d. Electronic media
e. Friends / neighbours

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)

SECTION: - B
STRUCTURED INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE ON INFERTILITY

INSTRUCTION:
Dear participant,
The structured interview questionnaire contains 35 multiple choice questions. Every
question has four alternative responses related to infertility.The participants are requested to
cooperate and kindly give the relevant information. The information collected from you will
be kept confidential and will be used for research purpose only.
GENERAL ASPECTS OF INFERTILITY
1. What do you mean by infertility?
a. Inability of couple to become pregnant after one year of unprotected sexual life
b. Inability of couple to become pregnant within one year of sexual life
c. Inability of male to have sex till one year of after marriage
d. Inability of female to have sex till one year of after marriage
2. What do you mean by primary infertility?
a. Couples without sexual relation
b. Couple who have no previous conception
c. Couple who do not one children
d. Couple living together without marriage
3. What do you mean by Secondary infertility?
a. Couples who have not planned for second child
b. Inability to have first child
c. Inability to have second child
d. Couple who are separated
4. What do you mean by unexplained infertility?
a. Cause of infertility not found after several test
b. Infertility due to male cause
c. Infertility due to female cause
d. Couple not able to explain the meaning of infertility
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTION
5. Which are the female reproductive organs?
a. Penis, vasdeferens, testes, scrotum
b. Cervix, vagina, penis, scrotum
c. Scrotum, uterus, testes, vagina
d. Uterus, Ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina
6. Which are the male reproductive organs?
a. Penis, vas deferens, testes, scrotum
b. Cervix, vagina, penis, scrotum
c. Scrotum, uterus, testes, vagina
d. Ovaries, testes, uterus, fallopian tubes

7. What do you mean by ovulation?

a. Production of more ova from ovary
b. Union of sperm and ovum
c. Release of ovum from ovary
d. Growth of baby in the uterus
8. When dose ovulationsoccur?
a. During menses
b. 14 days before menses
c. 5 day before menses
d. Every day
9. How many times dose ovulation occur in a month?
a. 1 time
b. 2 time
c. 3 time
d. 4 time

10. When is the sperms release from the testes?

a. Everyday
b. During urination
c. During sexual act
d. Once in a month
11. How many sperms are releases during each sexual contact?
a. Only one
b. Hundred
c. Lakhs
d. Millions
12. What do you mean by ejaculation?
a. Release of semen from penis
b. Enjoying sex
c. Having sex
d. Release of sperm from penis
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PREGNANCY

13. What do you mean by fertilization?

a.
b.
c.
d.

Menstruation
Destruction of ovum
Union of sperm and ovum
Development of sperm and ovum

14. Where does fertilisation take place?

a. Uterus
b. Fallopian tubes

c. Vagina
d. Cervix

15. What is embryo?

a. Unborn baby up to 2 weeks of age
b. Unborn baby up to 4 weeks of age
c. Unborn baby up to 8 weeks of age
d. Unborn baby up to 10 weeks of age
16. When should the couple participate in sex to become pregnant?
a. During menses
b. Any day after marriage
c. Any day after menses
d. During ovulation
17. What condition favour pregnancy?
a. Healthy sperm, healthy ovum , suitable uterus
b. Healthy sperm, un healthy ovum , suitable uterus
c. Un healthy sperm, healthy ovum , suitable uterus
d. Healthy sperm, healthy ovum , suitable cervix
CAUSES OF INFERTILITY
18. Who is responsible for infertility?
a. Male
b. Female
c. Male and female
d. Nutritional status
19. What can be the causes of female infertility?
a. Hereditary, early menses , self-control
b. Lack of ovulation, tubal block, hormonal imbalance
c. Gods curse, doing sin, black magic
d. Seeking sexual pleasure, domestic violence, more sleep

20. What can be the causes of male infertility?

a. Low sperm count, failure of ejaculation
b. More rest and sleep
c. Not interested in sex
d. Beating wife, sexual violence
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DIAGNOSIS OF INFERTILITY
21. When should the couple go for doctors advice for infertility?

a.
b.
c.
d.

If pregnancy does not occur after one year of sexual life

If pregnancy does not occur after two year of sexual life
If pregnancy does not occur after three year of sexual life
If pregnancy does not occur after four year of sexual life

22. Which are the common tests done for male infertility?
a. Stool test, semen
b. Screening, semen
c. CT scan, semen test
d. Blood test, semen test
23. Which are the common tests done for female infertility?
a. Pap test, USG
b. USG, urine test
c. Blood test and USG
d. CT scan, screening
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE WITH INFERTILITY
24. Which are the common feelings of infertile couples?
a. Anxiety, inferiority, depression, jealousy
b. Anxiety, inferiority, depression, reduce sexual desire
c. Anxiety, jealousy, reduce sexual desire
d. More sexuality, mood swings, anxiety, depression
KNOWLEDGE ON TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY
25. How can be male infertility treated?
a. Hormonal drugs
b. Surgery, light work, drinking milk
c. Antibiotics, yoga
d. Having more sex, Homemade drugs
26. How can be female infertility treated?
a. Meditation, herbal medicines, adopting child, dieting
b. Self medicines, more exercise, light work
c. Mantras, enjoying sex, surrogacy
d. Timing the intercourse, hormonal drugs, IVF, artificial insemination
27. What do you mean by artificial insemination?
a. Introducing other ovum
b. Introducing semen in to uterus through rubber tube
c. Collection of semen for laboratory test
d. Collection of ovum for laboratory test
28. What do you mean by IVF (test tube baby)?
a. Fusion of sperm and ovum in uterus and transfer in to test tube
b. Placing sperms in to uterus through a test tube
c. Fusion of sperm and ovum in test tube and transfer in to uterus
d. Creating artificial environment in test tube

29. How long dose laboratory processes take for a successful invitro fertilisation (test
tube baby)?
a. 2 year
b. 2weeks
c. 2days
d. 2hours

30. What do you mean by surrogacy?

a. A woman who denotes her ovum for others
b. A woman who goes for second marriage to have child
c. A woman who lends her uterus for carrying unborn baby of others
d. A woman who takes care of children of others
31. Who can donate sperm and ovum?
a. People between 18 45 years with any genetic disorders and infection
b. People above 45 years without any disorders and infection
c. People below 18 years without genetic disorders and infection
d. People between 18 45 years without genetic disorders and infection
32. What is the other option for infertility besides the treatment?
a. Adopting any children
b. Marriage with other person
c. Keeping quite
d. Homemade medicines
PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY
33. What can a man do to increase his sperm count?
a. Self medications, exercises
b. Less sex, more seep, good nutrition
c. Cold application around genital organs
d. Avoid heat around genital organs, reduce stress
34. What are the preventive measures for male infertility?
a. Avoid more sex
b. Avoid excessive alcohol, good nutrition
c. Mumps vaccine in child hood
d. Heavy work, gymnastics

35. What are the preventive measures for female infertility?

a. Treating husband as a god, performing pujas
b. Having less sex, helping others, doing less work
c. Avoid unsafe abortions, fasting, taking more water, doing heavy work
d. Avoid excessive alcohol and smoking, adequate rest and sleep

ANSWER KEY FOR STRUCTURED INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE ON

KNOWLEDGE SCORE

SR. NO.

KEY

SCORE

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

Total

35

CRITERIA CHECKLIST FOR VALIDATION OF THE TOOL

Instructions
Kindly review the items in the structured interview questionnaire for assessing
knowledge of infertile couples on infertility. Kindly give your suggestions regarding
accuracy, relevance and appropriateness of the content. There are 2 columns namely agree
and disagree. Kindly tick mark () against specific columns. If there are any suggestions or
corrections please mention in the remarks column.

Checklist for the validation of knowledge questionnaire

Item

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.

Agre

Disag

Remarks

33.
34.
35.

Signature of the Validator

SUMANDEEP NURSING COLLEGE

BOOKLET ON
INFERTILITY

Submitted to: - Submitted by:Ms. Rita ThapaMs.Mittal Panchal

Ass. Professor of OBG F.Y.M.Sc.Nursing
SCON

SCON

Index
Sr. no.

Content

Page no.

GENERAL ASPECTS OF INFERTILITY

03

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE AND

FEMALEREPRODUCTION

03

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PREGNANCY

04

CAUSES OF INFERTILITY

04

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DIAGNOSIS OF INFERTILITY

05

PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE WITH INFERTILITY

05

KNOWLEDGE ON TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY

06

PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY

07

BIBLIOGRAPHY

08

INFERTILITY
GENERAL ASPECTS OF INFERTILITY
Definition
Infertility is said to exist when a pregnancy has not occurred after at least one
year of unprotected coitus.
Types
Primary infertility - in primary infertility there have been no previous
contraception.
Secondary infertility - in secondary infertility there has been a previous viable
pregnancy but the couple is unable to conceive at present.

 Unexplained infertility - Cause of infertility not found after several test.

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE AND FEMALE

REPRODUCTION

Figure Anatomy of female

genital organs

Figure Anatomy of male genital organs

Figure Anatomy and parts of spermatozoon and ovulation

CAUSES OF INFERTILITY
Male infertility
Ejaculation problems
Inadequate sperm count

Obstruction or impaired sperm motility

Female infertility

Tubal transport problem

Uterine problems
Cervical problem
Vaginal problems
Anovulation

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DIAGNOSIS OF INFERTILITY

Preconception counseling

History
Physical assessment

Fertility tests
Semen analysis

Ultrasonography

Blood test

KNOWLEDGE ON TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY

Hormone therapy
Increasing sperm count and motility
In Vitro FertilizationArtificial insemination

Surrogate motherAdoption

PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY

Bibliography
1. Adele Pilliteri. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NURSING.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 5th edition; 2007.
2. Lynna Y. Littleton, Joan C. Engebretson. MATERNITY NURSING CARE.
Australia: Thomson Delmar Learning; 2005.
3. Sabartnam, chattergee, pratapkumar. ESSENTIALS OF OBSTETRICS.
Newdelhi: jaypee brothers; 2004.
4. Dutta.D.C, TEXTBOOK OF OBSTETRICS,edited by hiralalkonar,
published by central book agency (p) ltd, 6th edition.
5. Fraser M. Diane, Margaret A.Cooper, MYLES TEXTBOOK FOR
MIDWIVES, published by Churchill LivingstoneElsevier, 15th edition.
6.
Jacob Annamma, A COMPREHENSIVE TEXTBOOK OF
MIDWIFERY, published by Jaypee brothers, 2ndedition.

7. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertility
8. www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/.../con-20034770

9. www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/infertility.html
10. www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/
11. www.resolve.org About Infertility

CRITERIA CHECKLIST FOR EVALUATING AND VALIDATING

THE STRUCTURED INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIREON
INFERTILITY
Dear Madam/Sir,
Please go through the criteria listed below which has been formulated for evaluating
and validating the structured interview questionnaire on infertility. There are four
response columns in the checklist.
Column I: Strongly agree

Put the tick mark against this column, if you think that the content is
appropriate.
Column II: Agree
Put the tick mark against this column, if you think that the content is
satisfactory.
Column III: Disagree
Put the tick mark against this column, if you think that the content is
irrelevant.
Remark column: When responses are made in column II and III, the evaluate
comments are requested in the remark column.
The evaluator is requested to go through the content and express his/her
opinion by marking against the specific column in the criteria checklist.
Your expert opinion and kind co-operation will be highly appreciated.

NO.

CRITERIA

II

III

REM
A
R
K
S

I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.

Signature

GENERAL ASPECTS OF INFERTILITY

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE AND
FEMALE REPRODUCTION
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PREGNANCY
CAUSES OF INFERTILITY
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DIAGNOSIS OF INFERTILITY
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE WITH INFERTILITY
KNOWLEDGE ON TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY
PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY

ANY OTHER SUGGESTIONS

CONTENT VALIDITY CERTIFICATE

I hereby certify that I have validated the tool and teaching plan of MissMitalPanchal
M.Sc. nursing of Sumandeep Nursing College Vadodara, who is undertaking the
thesis titled A comparative study to assess the level of knowledge on infertility
among infertile couples of selected rural and urban community of vadodara
district, Gujarat state

Signature of expert

Designation
Place:
Date: