Glossary of Commonly used Terms and Expressions

Basic Ideas and Concepts

Seifukan

Hall (dojo) of the West Wind

Haragei

Using the lower abdomen

as the center of
power/movement, breath
and concentration
(Sanchin)

Karategi

Karate uniform also Keikogi

() "training uniform"

Karateka

Karate practitioner

Keikogi

Training uniform

Ki

Life force; breath; vital

energy; breath-energy;
breath-power; spirit

Kiai

Shout on focusing a strike

Makiwara

Striking post

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Glossary of Terms

Muchimi

Stickiness/ heaviness

Morote

With both hands

Obi

Belt

Uwagi

Jacket

Zubon

Pants

Numbers, Counting and Era

Ichi; Hitotsu; Itsu

or

1: one

Ni; Futatsu

or

2: two

San; Mittsu

or

3: three

Shi, Yon; Yotsu

or

4: four

Go; Itsutsu

or

5: five

Roku; Muttsu

or

6: six

Shichi, Nanatsu; Nana

or

7: seven

Hachi; Yatsu

or

8: eight

Kyu; Kokonotsu

or

9: nine

Ju; To

or

10: ten

Hyaku

or

100: one hundred

Sen

or

1,000: one thousand

Showa

The Era

Heisei

The Era

(Enlightened Peace)
of Emperor Hirohito (the Showa
Emperor: 19261225 - 19890107)

(Peace Everywhere)
of Emperor Akihito (the Heisei
Emperor: 18980108 -)

Note: the second, more complex kana shown are used in legal documents
and may be used on Kokusai Goju Kobujutsu Kenkyukai certificates

Commands
Damatte keiko!

Shut up and train!

Hajime!

Begin!

Hanshi Nitaishite Rei!

Bow to Hanshi!

Kiwotsuke!

Come to attention!

Kyoshi Nitaishite Rei!

Bow to Kyoshi

Mawatte!

Turn around!

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Glossary of Terms

Moichido!

One more time!

Mokuso!

Close eyes and meditate!

Mokuso Yame!

Cease meditation!

Otagaini Nitaishite Rei!

Bow to each other!

Rei!; Lei!

Bow!

Renshi Nitaishite Rei!

Bow to the Renshi!

Seiza!

Assume formal kneeling

posture!

Semete!

You are the attacker!

Sensei Nitaishite Rei!

Bow the teacher!

Shihan Nitaishite Rei!

Bow to the Shihan!

Shinden Nitaishite Rei!

Bow the dojo shrine!

Shomen Nitaishite Rei!

Bow to the front of the Dojo!

Tate!; Kiritsu!

Stand up!

Ukete!

You are the defender!

Yame!

Stop (what you are doing!)

Yasume!

Relax!

Yoi!

Ready! (assume Heiko-dachi)

Yoshi!

OK, continue!

Kokusai Goju Kobujutsu Kenkyukai Teaching Titles

Hanshi

Most senior teaching title

Kyoshi

2nd most senior teaching title

Shihan

3rd most senior teaching title

Renshi

4th most senior teaching title

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Glossary of Terms

5th most senior teaching title

Arigato Gozaimasu!

Thank you very much!

Hai!

Yes!

Iie!

No!

Onegai Shimasu!

Please, help me!

Shitsurei Shimasu

Excuse me

Dojo Admonition, Dojo

rules, the virtues; also
known as Dojo-kun (
)

Sensei

Etiquette

The Virtues
Dojo-kunyu

The five precepts of the Kokusai Goju Kobujutsu Kenkyukai , the Dojo Kunyu, are:

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Glossary of Terms

Organisation
Dan

Grade; black belt rank

Dojo

Way place training place

Dojo-cho

Dojo head

Kai

Association

Kai-cho

Association Head

Kai-ha

Tradition, eg, Ceberano-ha

Kokusai Goju
Kobujutsu Kenkyukai

International Goju Traditional

Martial Arts Research Society

Kohai

Less senior student (to you)

Kyu

Grade below black belt

Mudansha

Non black belt member

Sempai

More senior student (to you;)

in the IGK specifically 1st and
2nd dan members

Shibu-cho

Branch head

Shihan-kai

An association of Shihans

Kodansha

Black belt above 5th dan

Yudansha

Black belt, 1st dan 4th dan

Yudansha-kai

Association of Yudansha

Ashi wo kaeru

Change legs

Ate-waza

Striking (smashing)
techniques

Awase-gumite

Slow, light, cooperative

sparring

Bunkai-gumite

Paired analysis of kata

application; in the IGK:
fixed application of kata

Training

Chibu Jutsu (Tsubo Jutsu)

The art of attacking the

vital points. Okinawan
name for Kyusho/Kinshojutsu

Fudo-gumite

Stationary, hands only

sparring

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Glossary of Terms

Go-waza

Hard techniques:
punches, strikes & kicks

Henka-waza

Changing techniques;
adapting a specific
technique to the
circumstances or
changing it into another
technique, according to
the circumstances

Ju-waza

Soft techniques:
throws, joint-locks and
strangulations

Jyu-kumite

Free sparring

Kansetsu-waza

Joint-manipulation
techniques

Kata

Solo form or pattern

Kawashi-waza

Evasion techniques (Taisabaki, Ashi-sabaki and

Tenshin)

Keri-waza

Kicking techniques

Kihon

Basic; elementary

Kihon-ido; Ido-kihon

Moving basics

Ko-waza

Execution or training of
techniques using small
movements of the body,
limbs and/or center of
gravity

Kumite; Gumite

Fighting exercise

Kyusho-waza

Vital point techniques

Kyougi-gumite

Teaching the meaning of

the
se l f d e f e n c e
applications of kata

Morote-waza

Two handed techniques

Nage-waza

Throwing techniques

Ne-waza

Ground techniques

O-waza

Execution or training of
techniques using large
movements of the body,
limbs and/or center of
gravity

(Geri-waza)

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Glossary of Terms

Renraku-waza

Combination techniques

Semete

the attacker

Shime-waza

Strangulation techniques

Suwari-waza

Seated techniques

Tachi-waza

Standing techniques

Te wo kaeru

Change arms

Tsuki-waza

Punching techniques

Tuidi or Tuite (Torite)

Grappling; wrestling

Uchi-waza

Striking techniques

Ukete

the defender

Uke-waza

Blocking/deflecting
techniques

Ukemi-waza

Break fall techniques

Levels and Directions

Jodan

Upper level

Chudan

Middle level

Gedan

Lower level

Hiza-shita

Lowest level;
below the knee

Embujo

Centre of the dojo;

practice area

Genkan

Entry to the dojo

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Glossary of Terms

Hidari

Left

Joseki

Upper side of dojo;

Seniors side; right hand
side

Kamiza

Seat of honour; dojo

spirits seat; front of dojo

Migi

Right

Mae; zen

Front

Shimoseki

Lower side of dojo;

Juniors side; left hand
side

Shimoza

Lower seat; rear of the

dojo

Shinden

Dojo shrine

Shomen

Front of the Dojo

Ushiro

back; behind; rear

Tachi (Dachi)

Stance

Kamae

Posture

Bensoku-dachi

Cross behind step from

Seipai similar to kosaashi

Fudo-dachi

Immovable stance

Hanzenkutsu-dachi

Half or short front stance

Stances/Postures

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Glossary of Terms

Heiko-dachi

Parallel stance: shoulder

width, knees slightly
bent, feet slightly turned
in

Heisoku-dachi

Closed foot stance: Feet

together

Hikui shiko-dachi

Deep Shiko-dachi
(thighs horizontal)

Hikui zenkutsu-dachi

Deep front stance

Kiba-dachi

Horse riding stance; like

Shiko-dachi but with
parallel feet

Kokutsu-dachi

Back stance

Kosa-ashi-dachi

Cross leg stance

Koshi-dachi

Squat stance

Musubi-dachi

Closed stance (with heels

touching); used as
formal attention stance

Moto-dachi

Basic fighting stance

Naifanchin-dachi

Stance from Naifanchin

Neko ashi-dachi

Cat foot stance

Renoji-dachi

"L" Re/Le) shaped stance

Sagi ashi-dachi

Heron stance; one leg stance

Sanchin-dachi

Three battles stance

Shiko-dachi

Straddle leg stance

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Glossary of Terms

Shiko-dachi kujudo

Sideward 90o shiko-dachi

Shiko-dachi yokomuki

Sideward 90o shiko-dachi

Shiko-dachi naname

Diagonal 45o shiko-dachi

Shiko-dachi yonjugodo

Diagonal 45o shiko-dachi

Soto-hachi-dachi

Shoulder width stance

feet turned out at 45o

Uchi hachi-dachi

One foot width wider

than shoulder width, feet
parallel

Zenkutsu-dachi

Forward stance

Footwork and Bodywork

Ashi-sabaki

Foot shifting

Ayumi-ashi

Natural step

Gyaku-kaiten

Reversed turn (of the hips)

Happo-ido

Movements in 8/All directions

Hiki-ashi

Pulling back the leg

Hiki-ayumi-ashi

Pull back/step over

Hiraki-yose-ashi

Side stepping

Hiraki-kosa-ashi

Side stepping with

kamae change

Hojo-oshi

Augmented strike from

Seiyunchin

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Glossary of Terms

Hojo-oshi
Issokucho

One foot (distance)

Jun-kaiten

Regular turn (of the hips)

Keri-ashi

Kicking foot

Kotai

Backward

Sa-yu

Sideward

Sa-yu kotai naname

Diagonal backward

Sa-yu zenpo naname

Diagonal forward

Suri-ashi

Sliding foot step

Tai-sabaki

Generally: body shift

Literal: handling the body
Usually used to denote
evasion techniques in
which a combination of
f o o t m o ve m e n t s a n d
turning of the body is
used

Tenshin

Movement; moving.
Used to denote evasion
techniques based on foot
movements

Tsugi-ashi

Shuffling foot step

Yori-ashi

Dragging foot step

Zenshin

Forward

Ashi

Leg/foot

Hara

Belly/Abdomen

Body Parts

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Glossary of Terms

Ken

Fist

Seika-tanden

Ones centre

Shu; Te

Hand

Shita-hara

Lower abdomen

Blocking/Deflecting Techniques
Age-uke

Rising Deflection

Chudan-gedan shita-barai

Combination middle level/low

level deflection

Chudan soto-uke

Chudan uchi-uke

Mid-level outward
deflection
Mid-level inward
deflection

Gedan-barai

Low sweeping deflection

Harai otoshi-uke

Low sweeping deflection

with the palm

Hiji-uke

Elbow deflection

Hiza-uchi-uke

Inward knee deflection

Hojo-uke

Augmented deflection
from Seiyunchin

Jodan-uke

Upper level deflection

Kaki-te

Hooking hand

Kaki-uke

Hooking deflection

Kosa-uke

Crossed arm deflection

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Glossary of Terms

Ko-uke

Controlling deflection
with the back of the
hand from Kururunfa

Kuri-uke

Inside-out circular elbow

deflection, as used in
Kururunfa

Mawashi-uke

Tw o h a n d e d c i r c u l a r
deflection (also known as
tora-guchi or tigers mouth)

Nagashi-uke

Flowing palm deflection

Shuto-uke

Sword hand deflection

Sukui-uke

Scooping deflection

Tora-guchi

Tiger's Mouth (also know

as Mawashi-uke)

Ude-uke

Inside of arm deflection

Yumi-barai

Archer pose sweeping

deflection

Striking Techniques
Age ura-zuki

Rising inverted punch

from Seiyunchin

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Glossary of Terms

Age-zuki

Rising punch

Choku-zuki

Straight punch

Chudan-zuki

Mid-level punch

Empi-uchi

Elbow strike

Furi-uchi

Circular haito-uchi

Furi-zuki

Circular punch

Gaiwanto-uchi

Outside sword arm

(forearm) strike

Gedan Hiraken-uchi

Lower level flat hand

strike from Seipai

Gedan-zuki

Lower level punch

Gyaku-zuki

Reverse punch

Haishu-uchi

Back of hand strike

Haito-uchi

Blunt side sword hand

strike

Haiwanto-uchi

Backward outside sword

arm (forearm) strike

Heiko-zuki

Parallel punch from Saifa

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Glossary of Terms

Hiji-ate

Elbow strike

Hiki kai-zuki

Combination hiki ayumiashi, lead hand haraiotoshi and gyaku-zuki

Hikite

Pulling back the opposite

hand to the breast

Hiraken-uchi

Flat fist strike

Hira-nukite

Flat spear hand thrust

from Seiyunchin

Jodan-zuki

Upper-level punch

Kage-zuki

Hook punch

Kata-ate

Shoulder strike

Keito-uchi

Chicken's head strik

Kentsui-uchi

Hammer fist strike (also

known as Tetsui-uchi
Iron Hammer strike)

Kizami-zuki

Jab punch

Koken-uchi

Bent wrist strike (also

known as Kakuto-uchi
Bent sword strike
and as Kakuken
Bent fist

Koshi-ate

Body strike (bump)

Kouto-ate

Head butt with back of

head

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Glossary of Terms

Kumade

Bear hand strike

Morote awase-zuki

Double punch from

Gekisai Dai Ichi

Naiwanto-uchi

Inside sword arm

(forearm) strike

Nakayubi ippon-ken

Middle knuckle fist

Nukite

Spear hand thrust

Ippon-nukite

Single finger Spear hand

thrust

Nihon-nukite

Two finger Spear hand

thrust

Yonhon-nukite

Four finger Spear hand

thrust

Oi-zuki

Lunging punch

Oyayubi Ippon-ken

Thumb Fist

Ryuto-ken

Rising Dragon Fist

Sanbon-zuki

Three consecutive punches

Seiken-zuki

Normal Fist punch

Seiryuto-uchi

Standing sword hand strike

Sho-ken

Shotei-uchi

Single knuckle fist

small
fist} (also known as Ryuken Dragon fist)
Heel of hand strike (also
known as Teisho-uchi
)

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Glossary of Terms

Shuto

Shuto-mawashi-uchi

Shuto-uchi

Hand sword strike

Tate-ken-zuki

Standing (vertical) fist

strike

Ura Hiraken-uchi

Inverted flat hand punch

from Kururunfa

Ura-zuki

Inverted punch

Uraken-uchi

Back fist strike

Washide-uchi

Eagle hand (claw) strike

Yoko Oi-zuki

Sideward lunge punch

Yoko Ura-zuki

Sideward inverted punch

Zento-ate

Head butt with front of

head

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Hand sword (also known

as Te-gatana )
Circular hand sword
strike

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Glossary of Terms

Kicking Techniques
Gyaku-Mawashi-Geri

Reverse roundhouse kick

Hiza-geri

Knee kick

Kakato-Geri

Back of the heel kick

Kansetsu-geri

Sokuto-geri to the knee

Keage-geri

Snap kick

Kekomi-geri

Thrust kick

Kin-Geri

Groin kick with the instep

Kinteki-geri

Groin kick with the instep

Kogan-geri

Deep groin kick (with shin)

Mae-Geri

Front kick

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Glossary of Terms

Mawashi-Geri

High roundhouse kick

Mawashi-geri: chosoku

High roundhouse kick:

Strike with the ball of the foot

Mawashi-geri: haisoku

High roundhouse kick:

Strike with the instep

Sokutei furi-geri

Swinging sole of the foot

kick from Suparinpai

Sokuto-Geri

Thrusting kick striking

with the edge of the foot

Sune-Geri

Kick with the shinbone

Ushiro-Mawashi-Geri

Backward roundhouse kick

Yoko-Geri

Low roundhouse kick

Yoko-geri: chosoku

Low roundhouse kick:

Strike with the ball of the foot

Yoko-geri: haisoku

Low roundhouse kick:

Strike with the instep

Grappling Techniques
Ura-waza

Reversing techniques

Tsukami-waza

Grabbing techniques

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Glossary of Terms

Hiki-waza

Pulling techniques

Oshi-waza

Pushing techniques

Hazushi-waza

Avoidance techniques

Kaeshi waza
Hiji-age

Reversal techniques
Elbow lifting

Osae waza

Controlling techniques;
techniques to control the
opponent

Throwing Techniques
Ashi-nage

Leg throw

Ashi-barai

Foot sweep

Ashi-basami

Leg scissors

Koshi-nage

Hip throw

Kata-nage

Shoulder throw

Te-nage

Hand throw

Ashi-dori

Grabbing the leg

Furi-nage

Swinging throw

Sukui-nage

Scooping throw

Kubi-nage

Neck throw

Sutemi-nage

Sacrificial throw

Leg entwine. Joint lock in

which the legs of the
attacker is bend and
twisted into a lock

Joint Techniques
Ashi-garami

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Glossary of Terms

Ashikubi kansetsu-waza

Ankle-joint manipulation
techniques

Hiji-garami

Technique in which the

elbows of the opponent
are crossed in order to
create an arm lock

Hiji Kansetsu-waza

Elbow-joint manipulation
techniques.

Hiza-garami

Knee entwine. Joint lock

in which the legs of the
attacker is bent and
twisted into a knee lock

Hiza kansetsu-waza

Knee-joint manipulation
techniques

Kote-gaeshi

Wrist reversal (to throw)

Kote Kansetsu-waza

Alternative name for

wrist-joint manipulation
techniques

Kubi-hineri

Neck twist

Kubi kansetsu-waza

Neck-joint manipulation
techniques

Ude-osae

Forearm control used in

a joint lock, for example,
the elbow

Suhei-osae

Horizontal control

Maki-age

Rising (arm) roll

Tekubi kansetsu-waza

Wrist-joint manipulation
techniques

Tekubi-gaeshi

Alternate for Kote-gaeshi

Ude-garami

Arm entwine; Joint lock

in which the arm of the
attacker is bent and
twisted into an arm lock

Ude kansetsu-waza

Arm-joint manipulation
techniques. This can
refer to wrist, elbow or
shoulder joint.

Yubi-gaeshi

Finger reversal (twist or

bend)

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Glossary of Terms

Yubi kansetsu-waza

Finger joint manipulation

techniques

Strangling and Choking

Hadaka-jime

Naked strangulation

Eri-jime

Strangulation using the collar

Okuri Eri-jime

Strangulation sliding the collar

Kihon-ido Ichi

Basic manoeuvring #1

Kihon-ido Ni

Basic manoeuvring #2

Kihon-ido San

Basic manoeuvring #3

Sanchin-shuho: Jodan

Four direction
manoeuvring exercise
using jodan-uke

Sanchin-shuho: Chudan

Four direction
manoeuvring exercise
using chudan-uke

Konji-ido

Diamond pattern
manoeuvring exercise

Yakusoku Kumite Ichi

Pre-arranged fighting #1

Drills

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Glossary of Terms

Yakusoku Kumite Ni

Pre-arranged fighting #2

Yakusoku Kumite San

Pre-arranged fighting #3

Kihon Geri

Pre-arranged fighting Kicking

Yonhon Kumite

Four part Sparring drill

Gohon Kumite

Five part Sparring drill

Nanahon Kumite

Seven part Sparring drill

Kata
Taikiyoku no Gata

Kata of the First Cause

A series of 6 kata developed by YAMAGUCHI Gogen Hanshi as kihon Gata or
Foundational kata for his Goju-ryu organisation IKG Gojukai
Taikyoku: Jodan

First cause high level (attack)

Taikyoku: Chudan

First cause mid level (attack)

Taikyoku: Gedan

First cause low level (attack)

Taikyoku: Mawashi-uke

First cause circular deflection

Taikyoku: Kake-uke

First cause hooking deflection

Taikyoku: Gousei

First cause combination kata

Sanchin

Three Battles

Gekisai Dai-ichi

Attack and smash #1

Gekisai Dai-ni

Attack and smash #2

Saifa

Smash and Tear

(thought to come from
Saifa Lion
method)

Seiyunchin

Pull in and Battle

(thought to come from
Seiyouchin Blue
Hawk Battle)

Sanseru

Thirty six (techniques)

Sesan

Thirteen (techniques)

Shisochin

Seipai

Four way Battle (thought to

come from Shisauchin
Cricket/Mantis
Battle)
Eighteen (techniques)

Kururunfa

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Holding Ground
(thought to come from
Page 23 of 26

Glossary of Terms

Gorunfa Lying
Dragon Law)
Suparinpai

One hundred and eight

techniques (also known as
Pechurin
100 continuous steps)

Tensho

Rotating Palms

Sanchin-Tensho

A combination of Sanchin
kata and Tensho kata

Extension Kata: Nafadi

Naifunchin

The battle within

Naifunchin: Juho

The battle within soft method

Naifunchin: Zengou

The battle within back

and forth method A
development kata based
on Naifunchin but using
an X shaped embusen

Aragaki no Sochin

ARAGAKI Seisho
senseis version of
Sochin, Monks of
Peace; a Nafadi
(Naha-te) kata well known
to both HIGASHIONNA
sensei and MIYAGI
Sensei

Geishusai

A development kata
based on Gekisai

Extension Kata: Tumaidi

Matsumora no Rohai

MATSUMORA Kosaku
sensei's version of
Tumaidi (Tomari-te)
kata Rohai "Vision of a
White Heron"

Oyadomari no Patsai

OYADOMARI Kokai

senseis version of
Patsai (Passai/Bassai),
To
remove
an
obstruction; a Tumaidi

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Glossary of Terms

 (Tomari-te) version of
the well known Suidi kata
Tumai no Chintou

Battle in the east

Tumai no Useishi

Fifty Four (techniques) also

known as Gojushiho

Tumai no Wandou

The kings way

Extension Kata: Suidi

Matsumura no Sesan

MATSUMURA Sokon

seis version of
Sesan Thirteen a Suidi
(Shuri-te) kata
related to the Goju-ryu
kata of the same name

Chokyu

No meaning Combines
the alternate
pronunciation of the first
kanji of both NAGAMINE
Shoshin Sensei's and
MIYAGI Chojun Sensei's
names

Sui no Niseishi

Twenty Four (techniques)

also known as Nijushiho

Extension Kata: White Crane

Niipai

Twenty Eight (steps;) a

White Crane kata from
the teachings of MIYAGI
sensei's close friend WU
Xianhui (Go
Kenki) Shifu

Paipuren

"Eight Linked Steps;" A

precursor to Sanchin
from Quanfa Xing "Ba
Bu Lien"

Go no Hakuchou

White Crane also

from the teachings of
WU Xianhui Shifu
(also know as Paihou
White Ibis)

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Glossary of Terms

Matayoshi no Kakuken

Crane Fist also from

the teachings of WU
Xianhui Shifu from
Kingai-ryu ,
MATAYOSHI Shinpo
where it is know as
Hakutsuru White
crane

Matayoshi no Hakkaku

White Crane also from

the teachings of WU
Xianhui Shifu from
Kingai-ryu ,
MATAYOSHI Shinpo
where it is know as
Hakkaku Nidan

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Glossary of Terms