L-7 GPON System (Huawei)

GPON System (M/s Huawei)
L-7
GPON System
(M/s Huawei)
BRBRAITT, Jabalpur
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1.0 Introduction
The GPON System (MA5680T) has multiple superior and advanced features such as
supporting 8 port GPON board, supporting an optical ratio of 1:128 for the GPON system,
supporting the multi-GE upstream transmission and supporting the multi-edge networking.
The MA5680T provides the voice, data, and video services that feature large capacity,
high rate, and high bandwidth. To be specific:
The MA5680T functions as an optical line terminal (OLT) in a GPON network to work
with the optical network unit (ONU) and optical network terminal (ONT).
The MA5680T supports rich network applications, such as FTTH, FTTB, and FTTC.
The MA5680T meets the network requirements of base station transmission, IP private
line interconnection, and multi-ISP wholesale.
The MA5680T supports the point-to-point (P2P) FE optical access.
Fig. 1 Equipment Position in Network

BRAS: broadband remote access server
CATV: cable TV
PSTN: public switched telephone network
MDU: multi-dwelling unit
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STB: set top box

ONT: optical network terminal
MG: media gateway
OLT: optical line terminal
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ODN: optical distribution network
ONU: optical network unit
2.0
Features of GPON System
2.1
Standards-Compliant GPON Access Capability
The MA5680T supports the GPON access, which effectively solves the bottleneck
problem of the access through twisted pair cables and meets the requirements of users for highbandwidth services.
2.1.1
Strict Compliance with ITU-T Recommendations
The ITU-T G.984.x recommendations, including ITU-T G.984.1 to ITU-T G.984.4,

define the following aspects for the GPON system:
GPON network architecture
Specification of physical parts
Protocol at the data link layer
Management and control interfaces
The MA5680T is designed in strict compliance with the ITU-T G.984.x recommendations. It
is capable of working properly with GPON terminals of different vendors.
2.1.2
Bandwidth Allocation
The MA5680T supports the static bandwidth allocation (SBA) and dynamic bandwidth
allocation (DBA).
SBA guarantees that each ONT obtains a fixed bandwidth.
DBA guarantees that the bandwidth is dynamically allocated to the ONTs according to
the change in user traffic.
SBA and DBA support a bandwidth control granularity of 64 kbit/s.
The MA5680T provides hierarchical bandwidth control in the upstream and downstream
directions.
In the upstream direction, bandwidth is allocated to the users or the user groups in the
SBA and DBA modes based on the transmission container (T-CONT).
Up to 1K T-CONT/PON ports are supported.
In the upstream and downstream directions, accurate committed access rate (CAR) is
performed based on the traffic stream.
The CAR based traffic stream supports a 64 kbit/s bandwidth control accuracy.
2.1.3
High Rate
The system uses the passive optical transmission to solve the bandwidth bottleneck of the
access over the twisted pair cables.
The system supports the downstream rate of 2.488 Gbit/s and the upstream rate of 1.244
Gbit/s.
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2.1.4
The system provides a sufficient bandwidth that meets the current service requirements
and guarantees provisioning of services with a higher bandwidth in the future.
Long Distance
The MA5680T adopts the passive optical transmission to support a long-reach service
coverage, which the access technology over the twisted pair cables does not support.
The maximum logical transmission distance is 60 km. The physical distance between the
farthest ONT and the nearest ONT can be up to 20 km.
The MA5680T supports the downstream forward error correction (FEC) to extend the
transmission distance.
2.1.5
High Optical Split Ratio
The 8-port GPON access board supports a high optical split ratio of 1:128. This helps to
expand the system capacity and save fiber resources, thus facilitating the expansion of the
network.
2.1.6
High Efficiency
All data is encapsulated as frames with a fixed length of 125 s based on GPON
encapsulation mode (GEM). This helps to reduce the overhead bytes and improve the
transmission efficiency. When the upstream transmission bandwidth is 1.244 Gbit/s, the
transmission efficiency reaches up to 93%.
2.1.7
High Density
The MA5680T provides the 8-port or 4-port GPON access board, which increases the
system capacity.
2.2
Abundant Ports
The MA5680T provides various upstream ports, service ports and maintenance ports to
adapt to different network environments. Table 1 lists the physical ports on the MA5680T.
Table-1 Physical ports on the MA5680T
Port Type
Port
Upstream port
GE
optical/electrical
port
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Description
All GE optical ports use the small form factor

pluggable (SFP) optical transceivers. Through
different SFP modules, the optical ports support
different transmission distances. Single-mode SFP
transceivers and multi-mode SFP transceivers are
available.
Multi-GE upstream transmission is supported to

meet the multi-edge network requirements of the
carrier.
10GE optical port
It provides the 10GE upstream transmission function
E1 port
It provides the E1 upstream transmission function

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Service port
Maintenance
port
2.3
STM-1 port
It supports the upstream transmission through the

STM-1 optical port and supports the ESFP/SFP
module.
GPON port
It provides the GPON access. It supports a maximum

upstream rate of 1.244 Gbit/s and a maximum
downstream rate of 2.488 Gbit/s
P2P optical port
It provides the P2P Ethernet optical access at a rate of

100 Mbit/s.
Ethernet optical
port
It provides the GE subtending function.
Maintenance serial
port
It is used for local and remote Maintenance
Environment
monitoring serial
port
Various environment parameters are collected by the

monitoring device and then through this port reported
to the MA5680T.
Powerful QoS Capability
The MA5680T provides the following powerful quality of service (QoS) solutions to facilitate
the management of different services:
The MA5680T supports the following powerful QoS capabilities:
Tags the data and network management streams with different ToS/DSCP priorities, thus
providing a prioritized forwarding mechanism based on L3
Tags the data and network management streams with different 802.1p priorities, thus
providing a prioritized forwarding mechanism based on L2
Supports L2-L7 traffic classification based on the port, VLAN, MAC address, IP address,
TCP port number, or UDP port number
Supports priority control (based on the port, MAC address, IP address, TCP port number,
or UDP port number), priority mapping and modification based on the ToS field and
802.1p, and DSCP differentiated services
Supports bandwidth control (based on the port, MAC address, IP address, TCP port
number, or UDP port number) with a control granularity of 64 kbit/s
Supports the following QoS strategies based on traffic rules:
Packet filtering
Packet redirection
Flow mirroring
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2.4
Traffic statistics
Traffic shaping
Bandwidth control
Priority tagging
Supports hierarchical quality of service (HQoS), which guarantees the multi-service

bandwidths for multiple users: The first level guarantees the user bandwidths, and the
second level guarantees the bandwidths for the services of each user. This ensures that the
guaranteed bandwidths absolutely pass and the burst bandwidths pass fairly.
Large-Capacity Shared Platform
The MA5680T provides the large-capacity shared platform that features a high-speed
switching capacity.
The switching capacity of the backplane reaches up to 3.2 Tbit/s.
The bidirectional switching capacity of the control board reaches up to 480 Gbit/s.
The GPBD board supports eight GPON ports. The entire shelf supports up to 8K ONTs.
Sharing the development platforms with Huawei broadband access devices, the
MA5680T supports the L2 and L3 features of the broadband access devices to provide
user oriented and future-oriented functions.
2.5
Strict Security
To meet the security requirements for carrier-class telecom services, the MA5680T
provides the following features to ensure the security of the system and the user.
2.5.1
System Security
Prevention of denial of service (DoS) attacks
Access control list (ACL)-based access control
Media access control (MAC) address filtering
Prevention of ICMP/IP packet attacks
Source address routing filtering
SNMP V3 for system management, providing a security mechanism based on the user
based security model (USM)
Secure data loading and backup through the Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
Remote authentication dial in user service (RADIUS) authentication of maintenance and

management staff
Hierarchical right control, that is, different rights for maintenance and management staff
at different levels
Firewall black list
802.3ah:
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2.5.2
Supports transceiving and processing of Information OAMPDU packets to carry

out OAM discovery and obtain the terminal vendor information.
Supports resolution of the received Event Notification OAMPDU packets.
User Security
Layer 2 (L2) user isolation and controlled mutual access
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Option82 to enhance the DHCP security
Binding between MAC/IP addresses and ports
Policy Information Transfer Protocol (PITP) to identify users by the physical port
information
Prevention of MAC spoofing and IP spoofing
Query of the IP address of a port by its MAC address
802.1X-based user authentication, which prevents account forgery and enhances accuracy
of the billing in a wireline network
MAC/IP address binding based on the GEM port
Restriction on the number of MAC addresses based on the GEM port
Authentication based on the serial number (SN) and password of the ONU/ONT
Encrypted broadcast transmission in the GPON downstream direction for different users,
such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128-bit encryption
Setting the update period of the AES encryption key
2.6
Flexible Networking
As a multi-service access platform, the MA5680T supports multiple access modes to suit
various network scenarios in different environments. The MA5680T provides the following
network solutions:
2.6.1
FTTx network application
The MA5680T supports the FTTH, FTTB, and FTTC network applications. Through
FTTH, FTTB, and FTTC, the MA5680T meets the network requirements of the scattered new
high-end buildings or villas, and the network requirements of populous apartments and small
enterprise and institution office buildings.
2.6.2
Mobile bearer network application
The MA5680T supports the mobile bearer network application, which converges the
fixed network and mobile network on the bearer plane, helps save the CAPEX and OPEX, and
implements the evolution of IP-based network. The MA5680T supports the 1588 V2 clock,
which provides the clock synchronization function with a higher precision for the mobile bearer
network.
2.6.3
TDM private line network application
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The MA5680T supports the TDM private line network application, which protects the
investments of users on the existing network. The following scenarios are supported:
Terminating the SAToP(Structure-Agnostic TDM over Packet) and transmitting the service
upstream in the E1/STM-1 mode
Terminating the native TDM and transmitting the service upstream in the E1/STM-1 mode
Terminating the native TDM and transmitting the service upstream in the SAToP mode
NOTE
In the MA5680T system, the TDM Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) technology is used to
interconnect the traditional TDM network with the packet switched network (PSN). In this manner, the
resources are shared, the network is expanded, and the all IP architecture is implemented .
2.6.4
MSTP network application
The MA5680T supports the MSTP network application, providing redundant links with a
better load balancing function, which is applicable to all the networks with the service protection
requirement.
2.6.5
QinQ network application
The MA5680T supports the QinQ network application. This application saves the public
VLAN ID resources and implements the transparent transmission of private VLANs to the public
network.
2.6.6
VLAN stacking network application
The MA5680T supports VLAN stacking network application to implement the VLAN
extended service and multi-ISP wholesale service.
2.6.7
Triple play network application
The powerful service processing capability of the MA5680T helps provide voice,data and
video services to users simultaneously with guaranteed QoS.
2.7
Operable IPTV Service
The MA5680T has a powerful service switching capacity, packet forwarding capability,
and high integration of data switching and user management, which lays a foundation for
operable and manageable multicast services. The MA5680T provides flexible multicast solutions
by supporting Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) V2/V3 on the user side interface
and the network side interface. This lays the foundation for operability and manageability of
broadband multicast services.
2.8
Carrier-Class Reliability
The system reliability is taken into consideration in the system, hardware, and software
designs to ensure reliable running of the MA5680T.
2.8.1
System Design
The MA5680T has the following features on system design:
Compliance with carrier-class reliability design
Comprehensive exception handling capability
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Self-healing
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) test passed
Lightning protection and anti-interference functions
Diverse alarm information for quick detection and rectification of faults that occur during
the service provisioning of the device
Remote maintenance
Strictly selected components that improve the reliability of the device Fault pre-warning
on the exhaustive units and parts, such as the fan, power supply, and battery
Bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD)- This implements the quick detection of the
communication faults between adjacent systems. In the case of a fault, an alternative
channel can be quickly set up or the service can be quickly switched to other links.
Optical line protection- The system supports the 1+1 (type B) protection for the PON port
and the 50 ms level service protection switching for the backbone optical fiber.
In-service upgrade
High temperature detection
The system supports the functions of querying the board temperature, setting the
temperature threshold, and high temperature shutdown.
2.8.2
Hardware Design
The MA5680T has the following features on hardware design:
The control board and the upstream interface board support 1+1 redundancy backup.
All service boards and the control boards are hot swappable.
The power modules of the boards in the shelf have soft-start circuit and protective circuit
and provide current-limit and short circuit protection. This enables the boards to resist
lightning strikes and surges.
The communication system adopts a redundancy design and provides outband channels
for communication between the boards.
The system provides a backup channel for the hardware control channel.
2.8.3
Software Design
The MA5680T has the following features on software design:
Compliance with the modularized and platform-based design concept, and loosely
coupled design for each software module
Advanced design principles, such as object-orientation, error tolerance, error correction,

and automatic recovery
Compliance with the capability maturity model (CMM)
In-service software upgrade
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2.8.4
Power Supply Design

The MA5680T has the following features on power supply design:
The power system adopts a redundancy design, and provides dual -48/-60 VDC inputs to
two PRTE power interface boards to supply power to the shelf.
The power interface board has the protective circuit to ensure the service consistency
when the power supply of the board is faulty.
The system supports input/output current-limiting protection.
The system supports the reporting of the monitoring information, and remote control to
improve the system reliability.
2.8.5
Heat Dissipation Design

The MA5680T has the following features on heat dissipation design:
The heat dissipation system adopts a redundancy design, ensuring normal service
operation when one fan is faulty.
The host software supports fan speed adjustment.
The fan tray provides the fault alarm port for the optical coupling isolation parameter to
report the fault information.
To lower the power consumption and heat consumption of the system and achieve an
optimal energy conservation effect, the MA5680T provides the following functions:
High temperature control function for the board
Stepless speed adjustment of fans based on the component temperature
2.8.6
Networking Redundancy Design

The MA5680T has the following features on networking redundancy design:
3.0
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) protection and trunk function on FE/GE ports.
When a link is faulty, MSTP provides a loop free connected network.
GPON Type B OLT dual homing
Smart link and monitor link for the network with dual upstream channels
Network-side ETH OAM and joint switchover
Protection switching of the STM-1 ports when the STM-1 port is used for the upstream
transmission
Inter-board protection for multiple GE upstream boards (The upstream board must be the
ETHB board or the SPUA board.)
Hardware Architecture
The N63E-22 cabinet adopts the DC power and two service shelves can be installed in
the cabinet. The ETSI service shelf provides 23 slots, and has a fan tray at the top. The shelf is
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installed in the cabinet through the mounting brackets. The ETSI service shelf provides 16 slots
for service boards and two slots for control boards.
Figure 2 Appearance Cabinet and sub-rack

The ETSI service shelf provides 16 slots for service boards and two slots for control
boards. The ETSI service shelf provides 23 slots. The first slot (from left to right) can house two
power interface boards and one BIUA board or CITD board, and the last slot can house two
uplink interface boards. Figure 3 shows the configuration of boards in the ETSI service shelf.
Table 1 lists the applicable boards.
Figure 3 Configuration of boards in the ETSI service shelf

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Slots 18 and 1118 are for the service boards.
Slots 9 and 10 are for the main control boards (SCU boards).
The rightmost consists of two parts. The upper part (slot 19) and the lower part (slot 20)
are general interface slots (GIU) to provide uplink ports.
Table 1 Boards in the ETSI service shelf
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4.0
Board Overview
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Table 2 lists the type, silk screen, full name, and function of the boards supported by the
MA5680T. All the boards listed in Table 2-3 support -48 V and -60 V power supplies. This topic
uses the -48 V power supply as an example.
Table 2 Boards supported by the MA5680T
Board Type
Silk
Screen
Full Name
Function
Control board
SCUL
Super control unit
System control and management unit

Local and remote maintenance
Active/standby switchover
GE or 10GE channel to the service board
Environmental monitoring parameters
Configured with the CKMA clock
subboard that works with the BITS
interface board to implement the clock
phase-lock function
Clock synchronization
VoIP logical subboard
Service
GPBC
Board
4-port
interface
GPON Four GPON ports

Up to 64 ONTs for each GPON port
board
GPBD
8-port
interface
GPON Eight GPON SFP ports (one-fiber bidirectional port)
board
Up to 128 ONTs for each GPON port

Class B+ and
transceivers
class
C+
optical
Querying the temperature and powering

off the board in case of a high
temperature
CSPA
SATop TDM service

processing board
SAToP processing of 64 channels of E1

signals
Active/standby switchover or load
sharing of the control boards l 8 kHz
clock channel from the CSPA board to
the backplane, which is used to transmit
the clock signals recovered from the
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service to the control board

Providing one 10GE attachment unit
interface (XAUI) to each control board
temperature
SPUA
High-performance
Switching capacity of 40 G
service processing
Eight GE ports and two 10GE ports on

the front panel
board
SFP interface
Converging the ETH access services
Enhanced L2 functions such as the S+C
forwarding
temperature
SPUB
MPLS service
5G MPLS function for each slot
processing board
One 10GE attachment unit interface

(XAUI) to each control board
Active/standby switchover and load
sharing of the control boards
temperature MA5680T
TOPA
TDM service board
Native TDM function

CESoP function (when the EH1A/ CSSA
subboard is configured)
TDM signal upstream transmission
through the E1 port (when the
NH1A/EH1A subboard is configured)
TDM signal upstream transmission
through the STM-1 optical port (when
the O2CE/CSSA subboard is configured)
OPFA
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16-channel
FE 16-channels of FE optical signals
optical service board
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Base station backhaul and transmission

of the synchronous Ethernet clock
signals
Ethernet
board
service ETHB
Ethernet subtending
Ethernet upstream transmission

Ethernet subtending
Eight SFP GE optical transceiver or GE
electrical ports
Inter-board aggregation
Load sharing and redundancy protection
Uplink
GICF
2-channel GE uplink Upstream transmission or subtending

optical
interface
Two GE optical ports
board
GICG
2-channel GE uplink Upstream transmission or subtending

electrical interface
Two GE electrical ports
GICK
2-channel GE uplink Upstream transmission and subtending

optical/electrical
Two SFP GE optical/electrical ports
(auto-adaptation)
interface
board
Ethernet clock synchronization

Compliance with IEEE
GICD
4-channel
optical
board
GE Upstream transmission or subtending

interface
Four GE ports
GICE
4-channel
electrical
board
GE The GICD board supports four GE

interface
optical ports
X1CA
1-channel
optical
board
10GE One 10GE upstream or subtending

interface
optical port
X2CA
2-channel
optical
10GE Two 10GE upstream or subtending

optical ports
The GICE board supports four GE

electrical ports
interface board
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X2CS
10GE Two 10GE upstream ports
2-channel
optical
interface board
Universal
interface board
CITD
Universal
board
10GE synchronization Ethernet
interface Seven inputs of alarm digital parameters

and one output of digital controlling
parameters
Two BITS inputs and one BITS output
Clock board
BIUA
Clock board
Two standard BITS clock inputs and one

standard BITS clock output
Input and output of 2 MHz and E1
signals
Tracing the input clock source of the two
channels of BITS clock or tracing the
output clock source of the control board
Multiple working modes, such
tracing, holdover, and free-run
Power board
PRTE
as
DC Power interface One -48 V power input

board
Filtering and current-limiting for the
input power
Under-voltage detection, detection of
whether the input power exists, and fault
detection
Alarm report and presence signal report
ALARM LED
5.0
ONTs (Optical Network Terminal)
HG850a is an indoor optical network terminal (ONT) at the gigabit-capable passive

optical network (GPON) user access layer, designed for home users and SOHO users. Adopting
the GPON technology, the HG850a connects the home users and SOHO users to the Internet
through the optical upstream port.
On the local area network (LAN) side, the HG850a provides abundant hardware ports to
meet multiple networking requirements of home users and SOHO users. At the same time, based
on the IP network, the HG850a can provide you with the voice over IP (VoIP) service, the
Modem over IP (MoIP) and the fax over IP (FoIP) service of high quality and low cost. Thus,
you can enjoy the quality voice service, superior video service, and high-speed data service.
The HG850a supports the ONT management and control interface (OMCI) technology,
which facilitates the automatic service provision remotely by service providers, and the remote
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maintenance and management by network maintenance staff. Figure 1 shows the appearance and
the ports on the HG850a.
Figure 4 appearance and the ports on the HG850a

Table 3 describes the ports on the HG850a.
Table 3
Interface
Function
OPTICAL
GPON port. It is used to connect with an optical fiber for

upstream transmission.
The type of the optical connector connected to the OPTICAL
port is SC/APC, and the type of the optical connector connected
to the optical in the wall is determined according to actual
conditions.
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LAN1-LAN4
Ethernet ports. They are used to connect the network devices

(such as the PC, STB, or switch). The four Ethernet ports can be
used at the same time.
TEL1-TEL2
VoIP telephone ports. They are used to connect the telephone

set or fax machine to provide the IP telephone service and fax
service. The two VoIP telephone ports can be used at the same
time.
POWER
Power port. It is a power port connected to the power adapter or

batteries.
ON/OFF
On/Off switch, used to power on or power off the HG850a.
Network Applications
4.1 FTTx Network Applications
The MA5680T cooperates with the ONT or other ONUs to support multiple FTTx network
applications. Through FTTH, the MA5680T meets the network requirements of the scattered
new high-end buildings or villas; through FTTB, the MA5680T meets the network requirements
of populous apartments and small enterprise and institution office buildings; through FTTC, the
MA5680T meets the network requirements of residential neighborhoods.
Service Description
The MA5680T supports multiple FTTx network requirements:
l The MA5680T supports the FTTH network application. Through FTTH, the MA5680T
uses a single optical fiber to provide the voice, data, and video services for the scattered
new high-end buildings or villas.
l The MA5680T supports the FTTB network application. Intended for the building where
twisted pair cables are routed, the MA5680T provides the voice, data, and video services
for the community users through FTTB by connecting to an ONT or another ONU in the
downstream direction. The ONT or ONU then distributes the services to each user through
the twisted pair cables.
An FTTB network is suitable for high-density apartments and small enterprise office
buildings.
l The MA5680T supports the FTTC network application. The MA5680T provides the voice,
data, and video services for the community users through FTTC by connecting to the MDU
in the downstream direction. The MDU then distributes the services to each user through
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the twisted pair cables.

Example Network
Figure 4-1 shows an example network of FTTx.
BRAS: broadband remote access server MG: media gateway

ONT: optical network terminal STB: set top box
MDU: multi-dwelling unit
Network Description
l VoIP service
After passing through the ONT, the VoIP packets reach the MA5680T. The MA5680T then
transmits the packets to the NGN network, or to the PSTN network through an MG.
Data service
The PCs are connected to the MA5680T through the ONTs. The PCs are then connected
to the IP network through the BRAS.
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l Video service
The video traffic is sent to the ONTs in the IPTV or cable television (CATV) mode.
Video services in the IPTV and CATV modes are described as follows:
IPTV
In the IPTV mode, the video service is delivered over IP multicast traffic, supplying
users with various programs.
The MA5680T manages the multicast user rights and programs based on IGMP proxy
and controllable multicast. After the users have passed the authentication of the
MA5680T, the MA5680T transmits the IGMP protocol packets to the device at the
convergence layer.
The multicast server transmits the video traffic to the MA5680T through the backbone
network and the convergence network. The MA5680T forwards the traffic to the user
terminals based on the authentication results.
At the user end, the STB terminates video signals, performs media conversion, and
controls program switching.
CATV
Through the electrical-to-optical conversion, video streams are converted into
downstream optical waves, and then superposed with downstream optical waves of the
GPON in the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) mode. The superposed waves
are transmitted to the ONT in the downstream direction through an optical fiber. Then
the ONT separates the video signals from the waves, and sends the signals to the TV.
In this manner, the video service is implemented.
4.2 Mobile Bearer Network Application
The MA5680T supports the mobile bearer network application, which converges the fixed
network and mobile network on the bearer plane, helps to save the CAPEX and OPEX, and
implements the evolution of IP-based network.
Service Description
To address the growing number of mobile users and increasing demand for the mobile data and
video services, 3G mobile stations need to be expanded to provide high bandwidth.
Compared with the SDH/ATM private line technologies, the IP return transmission technology
of the MA5680T not only provides an easy return transmission solution for base stations, but
also helps to save the cost for base station return transmission to a great extent.
In the mobile bearer network application, the IP-based return transmission technology is adopted
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as a replacement of the TDM-based or ATM-based return transmission technology to implement

the integration of fixed and mobile networks at the bearer layer. In this way, the need to maintain
only one network helps to reduce the CAPEX and OPEX, thus facilitating the evolution to an
all-IP network.
Example Network
Figure 4-2 shows the mobile bearer network application.
Network Description
The mobile bearer network application has the following features:
l The base station adopts distributed mode, and provides IP ports and EI ports.
The base station adopts distributed mode. The voice service is transmitted upstream
through the E1 ports, and the data service is transmitted upstream through the IP ports.
The voice service requires small bandwidth; therefore, usually one or two E1 ports are
required. The data service requires high bandwidth; therefore, the base station adopts
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IP port for data service transmission, thus improving the bandwidth utilization for the
upstream data service.
l The base station does not adopt the distributed mode.
For a large number of legacy base stations and base stations that are currently under
construction, IP upstream connection is not adopted, and only E1 ports are used for
upstream transmission
The E1 ports must support PWE3 to facilitate service bearing over an IP network.
The MA5680T supports the clock in the mobile bearer network.
l The MA5680T obtains the clock information from the BITS, and transmits the clock
information to the downstream mobile base stations through the ONT. In this manner, clock
synchronization is maintained between the base station, the BSC and the RNC, thus
ensuring that the end users are not affected during a service switchover between base
stations.
l The MA5680T supports the BC mode of the 1588 V2 clock model. The MA5680T works
with the ONU to provide clock information to the base station, thus ensuring the highprecision
clock frequency and phase synchronization.
4.3 TDM Private Line Network Application
The MA5680T supports the TDM private line network application, which protects the
investment on the traditional TDM network and implements the all IP architecture.
Service Description
The MA5680T supports the TDM private line network application. The following network
applications are supported:
l Terminating the circuit-emulation service over packet (SAToP) and transmitting the service
l Terminating the native TDM and transmitting the service upstream in the E1/STM-1 mode
l Terminating the native TDM and transmitting the service upstream in the SAToP mode
Terminating the SAToP and Transmitting the Service Upstream in the E1/STM-1
Mode
Figure 4-3 shows the network application for terminating the SAToP(Structure-Agnostic TDM
over Packet) and transmitting the service upstream in the E1/STM-1 mode
Figure 4-3 Network application for terminating the SAToP and transmitting the service
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In the upstream direction, the ONT encapsulates the E1 service into the PON frame in the format
of SAToP packet, and the PON network transmits the PON frame to the MA5680T that functions
as an OLT. The MA5680T decapsulates the SAToP packet and the E1 service, and then the
MA5680T can provide the E1 for connecting to the upper-layer TDM network and the STM-1
port for connecting to the SDH network..
In the downstream direction, the TDM network service is transmitted to the MA5680T through
the E1/STM-1 port. The MA5680T converts the E1/STM-1 service stream into the SAToP
packet, and then encapsulates the SAToP packet into the PON frame. Then, the PON network
transmits the PON frame to the corresponding ONT, and the ONT decapsulates the E1 service.
Terminating the Native TDM and Transmitting the Service Upstream in the E1/
STM-1 Mode
Figure 4-4 shows the network application for terminating the native TDM and transmitting the
service upstream in the E1/STM-1 mode.
Figure 4-4 Network application for terminating the Native TDM and transmitting the service
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Network description:
The TDM service of the base station and enterprise users can be accessed through the E1 port
of the ONT, and the ONT transmits the Ethernet service and TDM service upstream to the OLT
simultaneously. The OLT identifies and forwards the Ethernet service and TDM service,
transmitting them to the upper-layer IP network and TDM network respectively. The OLT can
provide the E1 for connecting to the upper-layer TDM network and the STM-1 port for
connecting to the SDH network.
Terminating the Native TDM and Transmitting the Service Upstream in the SAToP
Mode
Figure 4-5 shows the network application for terminating the native TDM and transmitting the
service upstream in the SAToP mode.
Figure 4-5 Network application for terminating the Native TDM and transmitting the service
upstream in the SAToP mode
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Network description:
The mobile 2G base station is connected to the ONT through the TDM E1 port, and the ONT
encapsulates the TDM packets into the GPON GEM frame directly to implement TDM service
transmission over the GPON network (native TDM). The OLT converts the native TDM service
into SAToP packets, and finally transmits the traffic stream to the peer end over the PSN. (The
device at the peer end must have the corresponding TDM PWE3 function.) In this manner, the
traditional TDM service can be transmitted over the PSN, and the all IP architecture of the entire
network is implemented.
4.4 MSTP Network Application
The MA5680T supports the MSTP network application, providing redundant links with a better
load balancing function, which is applicable to all the networks with the service protection
requirement.
Service Description
The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is compatible with the Spanning Tree Protocol
(STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP). In addition, MSTP can remedy the drawback
of STP and RSTP. MSTP supports quick booting, and can also provide enhanced load balancing
function for redundant links.
MSTP is applicable to a network with the service-protection requirement.
Example Network
Figure 4-6 shows the MSTP network application.
Figure 4-6 MSTP network application
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Network Description
The MA5680Ts form an MSTP network, which meets the service-protection requirement and
saves the optical fiber resources. In addition, the spanning tree instance can be configured
according to the VLAN to implement the load balancing for upstream ports.
It is not recommended that you build an MSTP network at major nodes with a large number of
users because an MSTP network requires the switchover time and has restrictions on the number
of MAC addresses.
4.5 QinQ Network Application
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The MA5680T supports the QinQ network application. This application saves the public VLAN
ID resources and implements the transparent transmission of private VLANs to the public
network.
Service Description
The 802.1q in 802.1q (QinQ) application supports allocation of public VLAN IDs to user packets
that have VLAN tags so that the packets can be transmitted in the backbone network by using
the public VLAN IDs. In this way, public VLAN ID resources are saved to a great extent, and
the P2P interconnection between private line users across the MAN is facilitated.
Example Network
Figure 4-7 shows the QinQ network application.
Figure 4-7 QinQ network application
Network Description
In the QinQ application, the user packets transmitted in the backbone network have two layers
of VLAN tags: a public VLAN tag and a private VLAN tag.
l On the user side of the MA5680T
The enterprise users are connected to the MA5680T through the ONT and the traffic is
delivered in the VLAN mode. The users of VLAN 1 and VLAN 2 are connected to the
MA5680T. The MA5680T allocates a public VLAN ID (VLAN 3 with the QinQ attribute)
to the packets, and forwards the packets to the upper-layer network.
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l On the network side of the MA5680T

In the backbone network, the packets are transmitted based on the public VLAN ID. After
the packets reach the MA5680T on the other side of the backbone network, the
MA5680T removes the public VLAN tag from the packets, and passes the packets to the
user side device.
In the QinQ application, the transparent transmission of the private VLAN in the public network
is supported and public VLAN ID resources are saved. A simple two-layer virtual private
network (VPN) channel is provided to implement the function of transparent transmission of
private VLANs and services to the peer end and to expand the private network.
4.6 VLAN Stacking Network Application
The MA5680T supports VLAN stacking network application to implement the VLAN extended
service and multi-ISP wholesale service.
Service Description
l VLAN extension: This is used to increase the number of VLANs and identify users.
l Multi-ISP wholesale service: The upper-layer network works in L2 working mode and the
packets are directly transmitted according to the VLAN and the MAC address.
VLAN stacking is similar to QinQ in implementation, but the user packet of VLAN stacking is
encapsulated with two VLAN tags and the user packet of QinQ is encapsulated with one VLAN
tag.
Example Network
Figure 4-8 shows the VLAN stacking network application.
Figure 4-8 VLAN stacking network application
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Network Description
In the VLAN stacking application, the BRAS must authenticate both layers of VLAN tags. When
a packet reaches the MA5680T, it is tagged with two VLAN tags (outer VLAN and inner
VLAN),
and then transmitted to the associated ISP based on the outer VLAN tag. The user is identified
by the inner VLAN tag.
The VLAN stacking application ensures that the VLANs can be reused, and realizes the multiIPS wholesale service.
4.7 Triple Play Network Application
The powerful service processing capability of the MA5680T helps to provide data and video
services to users simultaneously with guaranteed QoS.
Service Description
The MA5680T supports the following triple play solutions:
l GPON: Triple play solution through multiple GEM ports
Different GEM ports are used to differentiate different traffic streams.
Different traffic streams are mapped to different GEM ports according to the VLAN ID,
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802.1p, or physical port, and then sent to the MA5680T for processing.
l GPON: Triple play solution through a single GEM port
The MA5680T differentiates the service streams according to the Ethernet type of the userside
packet, VLAN ID at the user side, or 802.1p domain at the user side, and then controls
the traffic streams.
The current ONT need not be re-configured, which saves the GEM port resources.
Example Network
Figure 4-9 shows the triple play network application.
Figure 4-9 Triple play network application
BRAS: broadband remote access server MG: media gateway

ONT: optical network terminal STB: set top box
Network Description
l VoIP service
After passing through the ONT, the VoIP packets reach the MA5680T. The MA5680T then
transmits the packets to the NGN network, or to the PSTN network through an MG.
l Data service
The ONTs are connected to the MA5680T. The packets from the ONTs are transmitted
upstream to the IP network after being processed by the BRAS.
l Video service
The video service is delivered over IP multicast traffic, providing users with various
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programs.
The IGMP proxy control packets are transmitted to the upstream multicast server by
the MA5680T, thus implementing the management on the multicast users and programs.
The video traffic stream is transmitted to the MA5680T by the multicast server, and the
MA5680T forwards the traffic stream transparently to the multicast users.
On the user terminal, the video signals are terminated and the media is converted on the
set top box (STB). In addition, the STB controls the program switching.
Through the triple play network application, the access mode of multiple services can be
implemented simultaneously on the same user terminal.
2.0 Fiber To The x (FTTx)
Today, fiber networks come in many varieties, depending on the termination point:
building (FTTB), home (FTTH), curb (FTTC) etc. For simplicity, most people have begun to
refer to the fiber network as FTTx, in which x stands for the termination point. As
telecommunications providers consider the best method for delivering fiber to their subscribers,
they have a variety of FTTx architectures to consider. FTTH, FTTB, and FTTC each have
different configurations and characteristics.
2.1 FTTH (Fiber To The Home):
FTTH is now a cost-effective alternative to the traditional copper loop. Fiber to the
Home is defined as a telecommunications architecture in which a communications path is
provided over optical fiber cables extending from an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) unit located in
central office (CO) connects to an Optical Network Terminal (ONT) at each premise. Both OLTs
and ONTs are active devices. This communications path is provided for the purpose of carrying
telecommunications traffic to one or more subscribers and for one or more services (for example
Internet Access, Telephony and/or Video-Television). FTTH consists of a single optical fiber
cable from the base station to the home. The optical/electrical signals are converted and
connection to the users PC via an Ethernet card. FTTH is the final configuration of access
networks using optical fiber cable.
Fig. 1 FTTH Configuration

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2.2 FTTB (Fiber To The Building):

Fiber to the Building is defined as a telecommunications architecture in which a
communications path is provided over optical fiber cables extending from an Optical Line
Terminal (OLT) unit located in central office (CO) connects to an Optical Network Unit (ONU at
the boundary of the apartment or office or building enclosing the home or business of the
subscriber or set of subscribers, but where the optical fiber terminates before reaching the home
living space or business office space and where the access path continues to the subscriber over a
physical medium other than optical fiber (for example copper loops).
Fig. 2 FTTB Configuration

FTTB regarded as a transitional stage to FTTH. By introducing fiber cables from the
fiber termination point to the home living space or business office space FTTB can be converted
to full FTTH. Such a conversion is desirable as FTTH provides better capacity and longevity
than FTTB. Optical fiber cable is installed up to the metallic cable installed within the building.
A LAN or existing telephone metallic cable is then used to connect to the user.
2.3 FTTC (Fiber To The Curb):
A method of installing optical fiber cable by the curb near the users home. An optical
communications system is then used between the ONU installed outside (such as near the curb or
on Street Cabinet) from the installation center. Finally, copper cable is used between the ONU
and user.
Fig.3 FTTC Configuration

3.0 Why FTTH?
FTTH is a true multi-service communications access which simultaneously handles
several phone calls, TV/video streams, and Internet users in the home/office. There are several
advantages of deploying FTTH over other traditional access technologies as given below:
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FTTH provides end-users with a broad range of communications and

entertainment services, and faster activation of new services.
Competition is beginning to offer a multi-play (i.e., voice, video, data etc)

bundle.
FTTH provides Service Providers with the ability to provide cutting edge
technology and best-in-class services.
Deploying a fiber optic cable to each premise will provide an extraordinary

amount of bandwidth for future services.
FTTH provides carriers with an opportunity to increase the average revenues per
user (ARPU), to reduce the capital investment required to deliver multiple
services, and to lower the costs of operating networks (fewer outdoor electronics,
remote management, ..) will result in less operational expense.
FTTH provides the community in which its located with superior

communications which enhance the efficiency of local business and thus deliver
economic advantage for the community.
Around the world FTTH is viewed as strategic national infrastructure similar to

roads, railways, and telephone networks.
4.0 Technology Options for FTTH Architecture:

When deciding which architecture to select a provider has many things to consider
including the existing outside plant, network location, the cost of deploying the network,
subscriber density and the return on investment (ROI). At present different technology options
are available for FTTH architecture .The network can be installed as an active optical network,
or a passive optical network (PON).
4.1 Active Optical Network
The active optical network implementation is known as the Active Node and is simply
described as a point-to-point solution. Subscribers are provided a dedicated optical cable and
the distribution points are handled by active optical equipment. These active architectures have
been setup as either Home Run Fiber or Active Star Ethernet.
4.1.1 Home Run Fiber (Point-to-Point) Architecture
A Home Run Fiber architecture is one in which a dedicated fiber line is connected at the
central office (CO) to a piece of equipment called an Optical Line Terminator (OLT). At the end
user location, the other side of the dedicated fiber connects to an Optical Network Terminal
(ONT). Both OLTs and ONTs are active, or powered, devices, and each is equipped with an
optical laser The Home Run fiber solution offers the most bandwidth for an end user and,
therefore, also offers the greatest potential for growth. Over the long term Home Run Fiber is the
most flexible architecture; however, it may be less attractive when the physical layer costs are
considered. Because a dedicated fiber is deployed to each premise, Home Run Fiber requires the
installation of much more fiber than other options, with each fiber running the entire distance
between the subscriber and the CO.
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Fig. 4 Home Run Fiber (Point-to-Point) architecture

4.1.2 Active Star Ethernet (Point-to-Multi Point) Architecture
Active Star Ethernet (ASE) architecture is a point-to-Multi-point architecture in which
multiple premises share one feeder fiber through a Ethernet switch located between the CO and
the served premises.
Fig. 5 Active Star Ethernet (ASE) architecture

With Active Star Ethernet (ASE) architecture, end users still get a dedicated fiber to their
location; however, the fiber runs between their location and Ethernet switch. Like Home Run
Fiber, subscribers can be located as far away from the Ethernet switch and each subscriber is
provided a dedicated pipe that provides full bidirectional bandwidth. Active Star Ethernet
reduces the amount of fiber deployed; lowering costs through the sharing of fiber.
4.2 Passive Optical Network (Point-to-Multipoint) Architecture
The key interface points of PON are in the central office equipment, called the OLT for
optical line terminal, and the CPE, called ONU for optical network unit (for EPON) and ONT for
optical network terminal (for GPON). Regardless of nomenclature, the important difference
between OLT and ONT devices is their purpose. OLT devices support management functions and
manage maximum up to 128 downstream links. In practice, it is common for only 8 to 32 ports to
be linked to a single OLT in the central office. On the other hand the ONT (or ONU) devices in
the CPE support only their own link to the central office. Consequently, the ONT/ONU devices
are much less expensive while the OLTs tend to be more capable and therefore more expensive.
1. OLT: The OLT resides in the Central Office (CO). The OLT system provides aggregation and
switching functionality between the core network (various network interfaces) and PON
interfaces. The network interface of the OLT is typically connected to the IP network and
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backbone of the network operator. Multiple services are provided to the access network through
this interface,.
Fig. 6 PON Architecture

2. ONU/ONT: This provides access to the users i.e. an External Plant / Customer Premises
equipment providing user interface for many/single customer. The access node installed within
user premises for network termination is termed as ONT. Whereas access node installed at other
locations i.e. curb/cabinet/building, are known as ONU. The ONU/ONT provide, user interfaces
(UNI) towards the customers and uplink interfaces to uplink local traffic towards OLT.
3. PON: Distributed or single staged passive optical splitters/combiners provides connectivity
between OLT & multiple ONU/ONTs through one or two optical fibers. Optical splitters are
capable of providing up to 1:64 optical split, on end to end basis. These are available in various
options like 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32 and 1:64.
4. NMS: Management of the complete PON system from OLT.
One OLT serves multiple ONU/ONTs through PON
TDM/TDMA protocol between OLT & ONT
Single Fiber/ Dual Fiber to be used for upstream & downstream
Provision to support protection for taking care of fiber cuts, card failure etc.
Maximum Split Ratio of 1:64
Typical distance between OLT & ONT can be greater than 15Km (with unequal
splitting - up-to 35Km)
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Downstream transmission I.e. from OLT to ONU/ONT is usually TDM
Upstream traffic I.e. from ONU/ONT to OLT is usually TDMA
PON system may be symmetrical or asymmetrical
PON and fiber infrastructure can also be used for supporting any one way distributive
services e.g. video at a different wavelength
PON is configured in full duplex mode in a single fiber point to multipoint (P2MP) topology.
Subscribers see traffic only from the head end, and not from each other. The OLT (head end)
allows only one subscriber at a time to transmit using the Time Division Multiplex Access
(TDMA) protocol. PON systems use optical splitter architecture, multiplexing signals with
different wavelengths for downstream and upstream.
There are two common splitter configurations are being used for PON architecture i.e.
centralized and the cascaded approaches.
A. Centralized Splitter Approach
In Centralized Splitter Approach typically uses a 1x32 splitter in an outside plant
enclosure, such as a fiber distribution terminal. In the case of a 1x32 splitter, each device is
connected to an OLT in the central office. In this approach, optical splitters are concentrated in a
single location from which all customers optical network terminals (ONTs) at 32 homes are
connected as shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 7 Centralized Splitter Approach

B. Cascaded Splitter Approach
A cascaded split configuration results in pushing splitters deeper into the network as
shown in fig.8. Passive Optical Networks (PONs) utilize splitter assemblies to increase the
number of homes fed from a single fibre. In a Cascaded PON, there will be more than one
splitter location in the pathway from central office to customer. Currently, standard splitter
formats range from 1 x 2, 1 x 4, 1 x 8, 1 x 16 and 1 x 32 so a network might use a 1 x 4 splitter
leading to a 1 x 8 splitter further downstream in four separate locations. Optimally, there would
eventually be 32 fibers reaching the ONTs of 32 homes.
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Fig.8 Cascaded Splitter Approach

There are several flavors of PON technology, i.e. new access technology named APON
(ATM Passive Optical Network), BPON (Broadband Passive Optical Networking), EPON
(Ethernet Passive Optical Networking) and GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Networking) which
delivers gigabit-per-second bandwidths while offering the low cost and reliability.
4.2.1 APON
ATM PON (APON) was standardized by the ITU in 1998 and was the first PON standard
developed. It uses ATM principles as the transport method and supports 622 Mbps downstream
services and 155 Mbps upstream service shared between 32-64 splits over a maximum distance
of 20 km.
4.2.2 BPON
Shortly after APON, Broadband PON (BPON) followed and is very similar to APON.
BPON also uses ATM, but it also boasts superior features for enhanced broadband services like
video. BPON has the higher performance numbers then APON pre-splitting maximum of 1.2
Gbps downstream and 622 Mbps upstream.
4.2.3 EPON
The IEEE standardized Ethernet PON (EPON) in the middle of 2004. It uses Ethernet
encapsulation to transport data over the network. EPON operates at rates of 1.25Gbps both
downstream and upstream (symmetrical), using 8B/10B encoding over a maximum reach of 20.
EPON is also called now as Gigabit Ethernet PON (GE-PON). It is defined as a single fiber
network using Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) operating at a wavelength of 1490 nm
downstream and 1310 nm upstream. This leaves the 1550 nm window open for other services,
such as analog video or private WDM circuits.
4.2.4 GPON
Gigabit PON (GPON) is the next generation of PONs from the line of APON and BPON.
The ITU has approved standard G.984x for it. GPON will support both ATM and Ethernet for
Layer 2 data encapsulation so is clearly an attractive proposition. GPON supports two methods
of encapsulation: the ATM and GPON encapsulation method (GEM). GEM supports a native
transport of voice, video, and data without an added ATM or IP encapsulation layer. GPONs
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support downstream rates as high as 2.5 Gbits/sec and an upstream rate from 155 Mbits/sec to
2.5 Gbits/sec. BSNL is procuring the GPON that will support downstream rate 2.5Gbps and
upstream 1.25 Gbps.
5.0
The features of different PON standard
Features
BPON
GPON
EPON
Responsible
Standard body
FSAN & ITU-T SG15
FSAN & ITU-T SG15
IEEE 802.3ah
(G-983 Series)
(G-984 Series)
Bandwidth
Down Stream up to 622 Down Stream up to 2.5 Down Stream up to

Mbps
Gbps
1.25 Gbps
Up Stream up to 155.52 Up Stream up to 2.5 Up Stream up to 1.25
Mbps
Gbps
Gbps
Downstream
1490 nm & 1550 nm
1490 nm & 1550 nm
1490 nm
Upstream
1310 nm
1310 nm
1310 nm
Layer-2
Protocols
ATM
ATM, Ethernet,
over GEM
Frame
ATM
GPON
Method
TDM Ethernet
Encapsulation Ethernet Frame
Max. Distance 20 km
(OLT to ONU )
20 Km(supports logical 10 and 20 Km.

reach up to 60 Km)
Split Ratio
1:16, 1:32 and 1:64
1:16, 1:32 and 1:64
1:16 and 1:32
Line Codes
NRZ ( Scrambled )
NRZ ( Scrambled )
8B/10B
Downstream
Security
AES: Advanced
Encryption Standard -128
bit key
AES: Advanced
Encryption Standard
( Counter mode)
Not Defined
FEC
None
Yes
Yes
No. of fibers
1 or 2
1 or 2
Protection
Switching
Support multiple protection Support multiple

configuration
protection configuration
None
6.0 FTTH plan of BSNL:

BSNL has planned 2 million FTTH network based on Gigabit Optical Passive Network
(GPON) and Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GEPON) up to 2010-11. The
broadband, voice, data & video etc services will run on this network. All these services clubbed
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into a brand name Next Generation Play Network (NGPN). These services will be rolled
out in phase manner in three phases.
In its first phase (2008-09) the projection is for 7.0 Lakhs customers out of which 5.5
Lakhs customers are proposed in A-Grade nearly 28 cities with GPON and 1.5 Lakhs customers
are planned in B- Grade nearly 77 cities based on GEPON.
The second phase (2009-10) of G-PON/GE-PON deployment can be extended to other
cities also having OAN cable already laid as per the OAN target. Phase-II FTTH plan shall target
7,00,000 customers to be extended with fast Ethernet/ Gigabit Ethernet service to their buildings
on Fibre.
In the third phase (2010-11) Ethernet to the Home (ETTH) can be taken up in 198 cities
and the total target of the FTTH deployment in 2010-11 shall be approximately 7, 50,000
customers.
The FTTH plan proposal is made for commercial and technical aspects of the Fibre To
The Home project. The total customer base on FTTH by March 2011 shall be 2 Millions.
7.0 Proposed Services on FTTH network of BSNL
The first and foremost service proposed in the deployment of these PON technologies is
to roll out the Next Generation Play Network (NGPN). The following services are proposed on
the FTTH network:
Basic internet Access Service controlled and uncontrolled from 256Kbps to 1000Mbps.
TV over IP Service (MPEG2).
Video on Demand (VoD)(MPEG4) play like VCR.
Audio on Demand Service
Bandwidth on Demand (User and or service configurable)
Remote Education
Point to Point and Point to Multi Point Video Conferencing, virtual classroom.
Voice and Video Telephony over IP: Connection under control of centrally located soft
switches.
Interactive Gaming.
Layer 3 VPN
VPN on broadband
Dial up VPN Service
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS)
From the BSNL network point of view GPON, being the TDM based technology, shall
integrate into the existing switching network. While the VOIP feature in the GE-PON provides
easy migration path to the Next Generation Network (NGN) of the BSNL. Since TDM
switches and the NGN are to coexist for up to 2015 as per the NGN vision plan both GPON and
GE-PON are the most suitable PON technologies for BSNL.
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L-7 GPON System (Huawei)

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GPON System (M/s Huawei)

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

The MA5680T supports the point-to-point (P2P) FE optical access.

Fig. 1 Equipment Position in Network

STB: set top box

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

ONU: optical network unit

Features of GPON System

Standards-Compliant GPON Access Capability

Strict Compliance with ITU-T Recommendations

The ITU-T G.984.x recommendations, including ITU-T G.984.1 to ITU-T G.984.4,

GPON network architecture

Specification of physical parts

Protocol at the data link layer

Management and control interfaces

SBA guarantees that each ONT obtains a fixed bandwidth.

SBA and DBA support a bandwidth control granularity of 64 kbit/s.

Up to 1K T-CONT/PON ports are supported.

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

High Optical Split Ratio

All GE optical ports use the small form factor

Multi-GE upstream transmission is supported to

10GE optical port

It provides the 10GE upstream transmission function

It provides the E1 upstream transmission function

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

It supports the upstream transmission through the

It provides the GPON access. It supports a maximum

P2P optical port

It provides the P2P Ethernet optical access at a rate of

It provides the GE subtending function.

It is used for local and remote Maintenance

Various environment parameters are collected by the

Powerful QoS Capability

Supports the following QoS strategies based on traffic rules:

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

Supports hierarchical quality of service (HQoS), which guarantees the multi-service

Large-Capacity Shared Platform

The switching capacity of the backplane reaches up to 3.2 Tbit/s.

Prevention of denial of service (DoS) attacks

Access control list (ACL)-based access control

Media access control (MAC) address filtering

Prevention of ICMP/IP packet attacks

Source address routing filtering

Remote authentication dial in user service (RADIUS) authentication of maintenance and

Firewall black list

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

Supports transceiving and processing of Information OAMPDU packets to carry

Supports resolution of the received Event Notification OAMPDU packets.

Layer 2 (L2) user isolation and controlled mutual access

Binding between MAC/IP addresses and ports

Prevention of MAC spoofing and IP spoofing

Query of the IP address of a port by its MAC address

MAC/IP address binding based on the GEM port

Restriction on the number of MAC addresses based on the GEM port

Setting the update period of the AES encryption key

FTTx network application

Mobile bearer network application

TDM private line network application

GPON System (M/s Huawei)

MSTP network application

QinQ network application