Professional Documents
Culture Documents
What is a community ?
- a group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a
territory or geographical boundary
- place where people under usual conditions are found
What is nursing ?
- assisting sick individuals to become healthy and healthy individuals achieve
optimum wellness.
• CLINICIAN, who is a health care provider, taking care of the sick people at
home or in the RHU
• HEALTH EDUCATOR, who aims towards health promotion and illness
prevention through dissemination of correct information; educating people
• FACILITATOR, who establishes multi-sectoral linkages by referral system
• SUPERVISOR, who monitors and supervises the performance of midwives
1. Health promotion
2. Health protection
3. Health balance
4. Disease prevention
5. Social justice
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING PROCESS
A. Assessment
1. Initiate contact
2. Demonstrate caring attitude
3. Mutual trust and confidence
4. Collect data from all possible sources
5. Identify health problems
Categories:
Health deficit- occurs when there is a gap between actual and achievable
health status.
Health threats- conditions that promote disease or injury and prevent
people from realizing their health potential.
Foreseeable crisis- includes stressful occurrences such as death or
illnesses of a family member.
Health need- exists when there is a health problem that can be alleviated
with medical or social technology.
Health problem- is a situation in which there is a demonstrated health
need.
B. Planning
1. Prioritize needs.
2. Establish goals based on needs and capabilities .
3. Construct action and operational plan.
4. Develop evaluation parameters.
1. Gender
2. Genetics
3. Education
4. Employment
5. Culture
6. Health services
7. Income
8. Personal behavior
9. Physical environment
10. Social support network
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
VISION:
The DOH is the leader, staunch advocate and model in promoting Health for All in
the Philippines.
MISSION:
NEW- guarantee equitability, sustainability and quality of life for all Filipinos
especially for the poor and shall lead the quest for excellence in heath
OLD: ensure accessibility and quality of life, for all Filipinos especially the poor
1. Leadership in Health
2. Enabler and Capacity Builder
3. Administrator of specific services
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
GOAL: Health for all Filipinos in the year 2000 and in the hands of the people in the
year 2020
5 STAKEHOLDERS OF HEALTH
1. LGU
2. DOH
3. Philhealth Insurance Corporation
4. Communities
5. NGO’s
NURSING ROADMAP
- Originated 2007
- Transformation Program of Nursing Profession
- adopted from Public governance system (PGS), as instituted by Institute for
Solidarity in Asia (ISA)
June 5, 2008 - signing of the nursing roadmap by the COORDINATING BODY FOR
GOOD GOVERNANCE OF THE NURSING PROFESSION (CBGGNP) and
PHILIPPINE NURSNG ORGANIZATION (PNA)
VISION:
By 2030, the Philippines shall be the lead in promoting professional nursing in the
Asia Pacific Region.
MISSION: We, the Filipino nurses are committed to provide society with professional
nursing service through innovations in education and training, research and
management that will improve the well-being and quality of life
BALANCED SCOREBOARD
4 BROAD PERSPECTIVES:
1. Learning and Growth
2. Internal processes
3. Customer perspectives
4. Financial perspectives
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES
DSL GG
1. Dynamic leaders
2. Standards
3. Good governance
4. Linkages
5. Growth and Productivity
NATIONAL HEALTH PLAN
“23 IN 1993”
• refers to the 23 programs, projects, activities of the DOH for the year 1993,
which marks the beginning of its journey towards DOH vision
“Health for more in ‘94”
• activities in 1994 focused on Cancer prevention, Reproductive health,
• Mental health and maintenance of a safe environment
CITY
► The physical environment in the workplace, streets, and public places promotes
health, safety, order, and cleanliness through structural manpower support
• Health-related Strategies: Construction of well-maintained, income-generating
public toilets; designation of a “Pook-Sakayan, Pook-Babaan”
MARKET
► adequate water supply
► proper drainage
► well-maintained toilet facilities
► proper garbage and waste disposal is observed by vendors
► cleanliness maintained
► affordable quality foods
► has a well-organized and honest market system
HOSPITAL
► A “CENTER OF WELLNESS”
► Promotes preventive care
► provides clean and adequate resources, affordable and accessible
services
► Patient-centered
► Governed by competent health team members and personnel
SCHOOL
► Health instructions provided through classroom/extra-curricular activities
► Maintains adequate, basic health services to both pupils, teachers, and
other personnel
Sample School Initiative : Little Doctor Program
- outstanding students are chosen yearly on the bases of their healthy
conditions and lifestyles
STREET
► Well-maintained roads and public waiting areas
► Well-marked traffic signs and pedestrian crossing lane and visible street
names
► Clean and obstruction-free sidewalks
► With minimal traffic problems
► With adequate strict law enforcement
Goal : To promote and reorient people especially erring pedestrians on the use
of pedestrian crossings.
PRISON
► Physical Environment: clean, safe detention place with adequate facilities
► Psychosocial Environment: services address the mental, spiritual, physical, social
and economic needs of inmates; has an atmosphere that actively promotes
JUSTICE, PEACE, REHABILITATION and a HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Framework
People’s Empowerment and Partnership is the
Key Strategy to achieve the goal, “Health For all Filipinos by the year 2000 And
Health in the Hands of the People by the year 2020”
• At birth: BCG
• 1 ½ months: First doses of DPT, Hep B, OPV
• 2 ½ months: Second doses of DPT, Hep B, OPV
• 3 ½ months: Third doses of DPT, Hep B, OPV
Tetanus Toxoid:
• First Pregnancy: TT1- 5th to 6th mo of pregnancy, after 4 weeks TT2 (3 years
immunity)
• Second Pregnancy: TT3 (1st booster dose) – 5th to 6th (5 years immunity)
• Third Pregnancy: TT4 (2nd booster dose) – 5th to 6th (10 years immunity)
• Fourth Pregnancy: TT5 (3rd booster dose) – 5th to 6th (life-long long
immunity)
Administration:
TARGET-SETTING
VACCINE COMPUTATION:
BCG- 1
OPV-3
HB-3
MEASLES-1
TT-5
COLD CHAIN
EPIDEMIOLOGY
VITAL STATISTICS
Refers to the systematic study of vita events such as births, illnesses, marriages,
divorce, separation and deaths.
RATE- the relationship between a vital event and those persons exposed to the
occurrence of the said event
RATIO- the relationship between two numerical quantities or measures of events
without taking particular consideration to the time or place.
A recording system that may give a picture about the accomplished indicators at the
brgy. Community, district, provincial, regional and national levels.
COMPONENTS:
1. Family Treatment record- the fundamental building block
- the form or piece of paper upon which recorded the presenting symptoms or
complaints of the patient
2. Target client list
- to plan and carry out patient care and service delivery
- to report services delivered
2. Tally/ Reporting forms- only mechanism through which date are routinely
transmitted from one facility to another.
TALLY/REPORTING FORMS
FHIS/ E- deaths
E-1- notification of death form
E-2- Maternal death form
E-3- Perinatal Death form
FHSIS/M- monthly
M-1- Monthly Field Health service Activity report
M-2- Monthly natality report
M-3- Monthly Mortality report
M-4- Monthly laboratory report
M-5- Monthly Dental report
M-6- Family Planning Subsidized Surgical Procedure Report
M-7- Monthly Social Hygiene Clinic Activity Report
FHSIS/Q- Quarterly
Q-1- Quarterly Field Health Service Activity Report
Q-2- Quarterly Dental Facility Inspection Report
Q3- Quarterly Environmental Health Activities
Q-4- Quarterly Reports of Malaria Control Activities
Q-5- Drugs And Supplies Quarterly Status Report
Q-6- Laboratory Supplies Quarterly Status Report
COMMUNITY
COMMUNITY ORGANIZING
COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS
ORGANIZING PARTICIPATORY ACTION
RESEARCH
-A process in which the PHN - To bring about social - A PROCESS of enhancing
and the community are and behavioral community participation and
identifying community problems changes, social development to prepare people to
that will serve as basis in organizations, ideology become the manager of their own
formulating community and change agents are community in the future.
programs needed.
-It is derived and will be the - Often termed as
bases for developing and EMPOWERMENT of
implementing CHN intervention building the capability of
and strategies. people for future
community action.
COPAR
Pre entry phase:
Selection of Site
1. Underserved community
2. Lack of health services in the community
3. Poor health status
4. Relative peace and order
5. Acceptable by the community
6. No health related organizations/programs conducted in the place to prevent
duplication and competition
Entry phase
1. Organize core group criteria
2. Educate the people
3. Collect the data
4. Involve the people in the prioritization of identified needs and problems
Organization and Building phase
1. Community organization
2. Election of officers
WHEN?
• Change in attitude
• Objectives meet
• Resources maximized
HOW?
• Pull out intervention
• Institutionalization
• Consultancy services
Policies:
S- skin diseases
A-aromatic bath
Lagundi Vitex negundo R- rheumatism
A- asthma, body aches
H- headache, cough
CHN PROCEDURES
CLINIC VISIT
I. Admission/Registration
II. Waiting time
III. Triaging
a. IMCI
b. Control of diarrheal diseases
IV. Clinical evaluation
a. Evaluate the c/c,hx, P.E
b. Evidenced based practice/medicine
c. Illness, treatment and prevention
V. Laboratory test and other DX examinations
a. Benedict´s test
b. Heat and acetic acid test
VI. Referral-2-way referral system
VII. Prescription and Dispensing
VIII. Health education
HEAT AND ACETIC ACID TEST
- Place 3-5 m of urine + 6-8 drops of heat + acetic acid solution then pre heat in
bunsen burner
- Observe for precipitation or cloudiness
- Cloudy- + for protein (PIH)
RESULT:
Blue- negative
Green- trace (+1)-normal for pregnant woman
Yellow- +2
Orange- +3
Red-+4
HOME VISIT- a nurse –family contact which allows the health worker to asssess the
home and family situations in order to provide the necessary nursing care and health
related activities
I. Greet
II. Purpose
III. Health inquiry
IV. Bag placement
V. Physical examination
VI. Health teaching
VII. Record
VIII. Appointment
BAG TECHNIQUE
PROCEDURE
1. Bag placement- L arm flexed @ 45°; not too close; not too far
R arm- long, non folding black umbrella
2. Ask for basin of H2O or glass of water
3. Open/ secure towel/ get soap
4. Handwashing
5. Apron in- right side out
6. Articles out
7. Close CHN bag
8. Physical examination
9. Hand washing and clean articles
10. Articles in
11. Apron out- clean side out
12. Close CHN bag
13. RECORD
14. Setting up next schedule
THERMOMETER TECHNIQUE
Procedure:
1 cotton ball- dry
3 cotton ball- soap-soaked
3 cotton ball- water- soaked
1 cotton ball- alcohol- final disinfection
1 cotton ball- dry
CONSIDERATIONS:
1. Articles used by the patient should not be mixed with the articles used by
other family members.
2. Frequent hand washing and airing of beddings and other articles and
disinfection of the room are imperative. Abundant use of soap, water, sunlight
and some chemical disinfectants is necessary.
3. The one caring for the sick should be provided with a gown that should be
used only within the room.
4. Al discharges from the nose and throat of a communicable disease pt should
be carefully discarded.
5. Articles soiled with discharges should be boiled for 30 minutes before
washing.
► Pre-natal counseling
► Provision of safe, delivery care
• all birth attendants shall ensure clean and safe deliveries at home or at the
faciltiies (RHUs/hospitals)
• at-risk pregnancies and mothers must be immediately referred to the nearest
institution
• untrained TBA’s who actively practice must be identified, trained and
supervised by a personnel of the nearest BHS/RHU trained on maternal care.
► Provision of quality postpartum care
• Proper schedule of follow-up must be followed:
• 1st postpartum visit for home deliveries must be done within 2 4 hours after
delivery
• -2nd, done at least 1 week after delivery
• -3rd, done 2- 4 weeks thereafter
• Attendants must be aware of the early signs, symptoms and
complications. They should follow the 3 CLEANS:
CLEAN HAND S
CLEAN Surface
CLEAN Cor d
NUTRITION PROGRAM
Goal: The improvement of the nutritional status and quality of life of the population
through the adoption of desirable dietary practices and healthy lifestyle.
• Villavieja et. al. Rice is the main source of protein among Filipinos
• WATER- most essential of all nutrients
FILIPINO PYRAMID
• Micronutrient Supplementation
- To address the health and nutritional needs of infants and children and
improve their growth and survival.
• Food Fortification
-Voluntary fortification of processed foods through the “Sangkap Pinoy seal.”
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
1 day late starting the next package: Take 2 pills as soon as you remember and one
pill each day after. Use a backup form of birth control for two weeks.
2 days late starting the next package: Take 2 pills per day for 2 days, then continue
as usual. Use a backup form of birth control for two weeks.
3 or more days late starting the next package: Call the clinic for instructions.
CONTRACEPTIVE INPLANTS
• soft capsules, about 1½ inch long, under the skin in a woman’s upper, inner
arm
• prevents pregnancy by thickening the cervical mucus so that sperm can’t get
into the uterus and by stopping ovulation
• Effective contraception for three years.
• doesn't interfere with fertility once it's removed
• a small object that is inserted through the cervix and placed in the uterus to
prevent pregnancy
• can last 1-10 years
• usually inserted during a menstrual period when the cervix is slightly open and
pregnancy is least likely
• recommended that women check their IUD after each period