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AGRICULTURE
KALYANSIR.COM
AGRICULTURE:
Agriculture means rising of crops and animals.
This is the most important primary activity.
Agriculture depends on the environmental conditions of the area.
The development of the agriculture is influenced by climate and soil conditions.
The growth of the plants depends on temperature and moisture.
Plants cannot be grown in very hot and very cold areas.
Fertility of the soil is very important criteria.
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Tropical regions are the most important agricultural regions of the World.
Do you remember what the tropical regions are? 23 0N and 23 0 S latitudes.
Tropical regions have high temperature and also receive high rainfall.
Even in the tropical regions the areas with very high precipitation are not suitable for
agriculture because soil in these areas lose the fertility soon.
The major areas of crop farming in the World.
River valleys and delta of Asia
Prairies of North America
Steppes of Eurasia
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This is also called share cropping or Metayage where the cultivator shares the fixed
share with the owner of land.
ESTATE FARMING:
These are the large cultivable areas.
Estate farming is cultivated with the help of large number of farmers.
Estate farming is called
Latifundia in Europe
Stations in Australia
CO-OPERATIVE FARMING:
The individual farmers pool their lands, cultivate and share the return in proportion
to their contribution to the farming.
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SHIFTING CULTIVATION
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TERRACE CULTIVATION:
TERRACE CULTIVATION
WET CULTIVATION:
It is practice in those areas where the rainfall is low.
It is practiced where the rains are highly seasonal.
DRY CULTIVATION:
Dry cultivation is practiced where there are no irrigation facilities.
The amount of rainfall is also limited.
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CROP ROTATION:
CROP ROTATION
(Fallowing: Leaving land uncultivated for some time so that the fertility is
maintained).
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MIXED CROPPING
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CLASSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE:
This is also called Agriculture Typology.
Depending on the variations in the cultivation methods it is classified into various types.
For classification various factors like intensity of forming, combinations of crops and
animals, scale of farming, level of mechanization etc are taken into consideration.
NOMADIC HERDING:
NOMADIC HERDING
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Hence in search of pastures (grass) the people move from one area to the other.
Livestock ranching:
The farmers lead a settled life.
This is mainly for the commercial activities.
The animals are reared in large areas.
Animals are reared mainly for meat and wool.
The farms are called Ranches or Stations.
RUDIMENTARY SEDENTARY
TILLAGE:
The same land is cultivated continuously.
Fallowing is practiced for maintenance of the fertility.
Under this system of cultivation tree crops (Rubber) are also cultivated.
COMMERCIAL PLANTATIONS:
COMMERCIAL PLANTATION
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