POLARIZATION OF PLANE WAVES IN

FREESPACE
Chrystian Viteri 452
Escuela de Ingeniera Electronica en Telecomunicaciones y Redes
Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo
April 28,2015
Email: chyss18@hotmail.com

AbstractWe will explain how to behave each of the types of

polarizations of the antennas as are linear, circular, elliptical
to renaming the program Matlab. The simulation tool along
with the formu las previously encountered in the study of the
corresponding subject, will show the forms of polarization: linear,
circular, elliptical. The pa per also presents the detail graphs of
designing the fields.

Fig. 1. Equation Linear polarization

I. I NTRODUCTION
The present program is designed for the purpose to display
threedimensional graphs in free space, both electric field
and magnetic field and their polarization, addition also the
wave propagation in the zaxis, for which we were used a
powerful tool for solve prob lems or mathematics exercises
called MATLAB soft ware.This software give us the facility
to observe the behavior of a wave in real time. Through its
role as plotting of functions and data, implementation of algo
rithms, creation of user interfaces we got the requested result.
II. L INEAR , C IRCULAR , AND E LLIPTICAL P OLARIZATIONS
Polarization of an antenna in a given direction is dened
as the polarization of the wave transmitted (radiated) by the
antenna. Polarization of a radiated wave is dened as that
property of an electromagnetic wave describing the timevarying direction and relative magnitude of the electric-eld
vector; specically, the gure traced as a function of time by
the extremity of the vector at a xed location in space, and the
sense in which it is traced, as observed along the direction
of propagation. Polarization then is the curve traced by the
end point of the arrow (vector) representing the instantaneous
electric eld
A. Linear polarization
In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization
of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric
field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the
direction of propagation. See polarization for more information.
The orientation of a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave
is defined by the direction of the electric field vector.[1] For
example, if the electric field vector is vertical (alternately up
and down as the wave travels) the radiation is said to be
vertically polarized.

B. Circular Polarization
In electrodynamics, circular polarization of an electromagnetic wave is a polarization in which the electric field of
the passing wave does not change strength but only changes
direction in a rotary manner.
In electrodynamics the strength and direction of an electric
field is defined by what is called an electric field vector.
In the case of a circularly polarized wave, as seen in the
accompanying animation, the tip of the electric field vector, at
a given point in space, describes a circle as time progresses.
If the wave is frozen in time, the electric field vector of the
wave describes a helix along the direction of propagation.

Fig. 2. Equation Circular Polarization

C. Elliptical Polarization
Elliptical polarization can be attained only when the timephase difference between the two components is odd multiples
of /2 and their magnitudes are not the same or when the timephase difference between the two components is not equal to
multiples of /2 (irrespective of their magnitudes). That is,

Fig. 3. Equation Elliptical polarization

III. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

For us we can visualize the graphs we must enter appropriate parameters.

Fig. 7. Propagation of the magnetic field

IV. CONCLUSIONS
Fig. 4. Polarization In the Space

It was concluded that strengthened and is comprised of a

better way the knowledge acquired in classes on the three types
of polarization.
I became aware that the polarization of the antennas located
in free space is very important, and obviously must be in
exactly the same plane to provide the best signal and that
there is no reflection of the information.
1

R EFERENCES
[1] Constantine A. Balanis A JOHN,ANTENNA THEORY ANALYSIS AND
DESIGN,3nd edition.
[2] How
to
use
BibTex
with
TexWorks?.
Available:http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions147515/how-to-usebibtex-with-texworks
[3] Matematicas I. MATLAB: Comandos y Ejemplos.Available:
http:/ocw.unican.esensenanza-tecnicas/fundamentos-matematicos-i/otrosrecursos-2/comandos-ejemplo-matlab.pdf

Fig. 5. Wave propagation in three d

Fig. 6. Propagation of electric field

1 Matlab.

Antennas, ESPOCH FIE.