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Being able to predict the weather by observing cloud formations is a skill that is
somewhat lost on us modern humans. Most of us can easily look at a cloud and
see the unicorn or ice cream cones, but very few of us can look at clouds and
see the approaching cold front.
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randofo
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2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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Bio:
My name is Randy and I run the
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author of the books 'Simple Bots,' and '62
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Step 1: Categorization
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Tags:
clouds (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-clouds/)
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Clouds can easily be broken into four categories. These categories are high
clouds, middle clouds, low clouds and clouds with vertical growth.
Clouds are also identified by shape. Cumulus refers to a "heap" of clouds.
Stratus refers to clouds that are long and streaky. And nimbus refers to the
shape of "rain" because we all know what rain looks like.
forecasting (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-forecasting/)
meteorology (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-meteorology/)
rain (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-rain/)
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sunny (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-sunny/)
cloud (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-cloud/)
precipitation (http://www.instructables.com/tag/typeid/category-outside/keyword-precipitation/)
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utm_medium=relatedlittleBits Real-Time
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2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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(http://cdn.instructables.com/FIY/17V8/FHC3AB9D/FIY17V8FHC3AB9D.LARGE.jpg)
High clouds form at 16,000 - 43,000 feet. Basically, these are the clouds that
you only encounter on the top of really high mountains or at the cruising altitude
of a jet airplane. Due to the extreme conditions at which they form, they tend to
be comprised primarily of ice crystals.
High clouds do not block sunlight.
High clouds include:
Cirrus
Cirrostratus
Cirrocumulus
Step 3: Cirrus
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FM3/C1PV/FHC3AB24/FM3C1PVFHC3AB24.LARGE.jpg)
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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By watching their movement and the direction in which the streaks are pointed,
you can get a sense of which direction the weather front is moving.
Step 4: Cirrostratus
(http://cdn.instructables.com/F6J/AD9U/FHC3AB2Q/F6JAD9UFHC3AB2Q.LARGE.jpg)
Cirrostratus tend to be sheet-like and cover the whole sky. You can usually tend
to see the sun or moon through them. Their pressence usually indicates moist
weather within the next 12 - 24 hours.
Step 5: Cirrocumulus
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FGS/DYZ6/FHC3AB30/FGSDYZ6FHC3AB30.LARGE.jpg)
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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However, in the tropics, these clouds may indicate an approaching tropical storm
or hurricane (depending on the season).
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FJV/H2Q6/FHC3AB9I/FJVH2Q6FHC3AB9I.LARGE.jpg)
Middle clouds form at 6,500 to 23,000 feet. They are comprised of water, and, if
cold enough, ice.
Middle clouds often block sunlight, but not always.
Middle clouds consist of:
Altostratus
Altocumulus
Step 7: Altostratus
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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(http://cdn.instructables.com/FVE/QLCY/FHC3AB37/FVEQLCYFHC3AB37.LARGE.jpg)
Altostratus are grey and/or blue clouds that cover the whole sky. They tend to
indicate a storm some time in the very near future since they usually precede
inclimate weather.
Step 8: Altocumulus
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FJW/MC0L/FHC3AB3D/FJWMC0LFHC3AB3D.LARGE.jpg)
Altocumulus are grayish-white clouds blanketing the entire sky. The tend to look
like large fluffy sheets in which there is a lot of contrast between light and dark.
Sun does not pass through them. If you see them in the morning, prepare for a
thunderstorm in the afternoon.
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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(http://cdn.instructables.com/FV1/LLMQ/FHC3AB9Q/FV1LLMQFHC3AB9Q.LARGE.jpg)
Low clouds form below 6,500 feet. These clouds are the ones that like to
hang-around just above tall buildings. These clouds tend to contain water, but
can also be comprised of snow if the weather gets cold enough.
Low clouds block sunlight and can bring precipitation and wind.
Low clouds include:
Stratus
Stratocumulus
Nimbostratus
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FSX/TADD/FHC3AB3O/FSXTADDFHC3AB3O.LARGE.jpg)
Stratus are low-lying solid clouds that are often formed when fog lifts off the
ground. They obviously look like an elevated fog. Often they bring drizzle or light
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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(http://cdn.instructables.com/FKI/DF26/FHC3AB3T/FKIDF26FHC3AB3T.LARGE.jpg)
Stratocumulus are low-lying bumpy and grey clouds. They do not bring
precipitation. They also do not cover the entire sky and tend to come in rows
and patches.
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FZY/77DG/FHC3AB3Z/FZY77DGFHC3AB3Z.LARGE.jpg)
Nimbostratus is your standard rain cloud. It is a large flat sheet of grey cloud
with a little bit of differentiation. If you see these, chances are it's raining outside.
9 of 20
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FNM/NZFC/FHC3AB9X/FNMNZFCFHC3AB9X.LARGE.jpg)
And last, but not least, are clouds with vertical growth which tend to have a base
that hangs really low (5,000 feet) and a top that climbs really high (over 50,000
feet).
Clouds in this category include:
Cumulus
Cumulonimbus
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FLJ/18U8/FHC3AB4G/FLJ18U8FHC3AB4G.LARGE.jpg)
Cumulus clouds are your stereotypical white "cottonball" clouds. So long as the
clouds remain low clumps floating across the sky, there will be fair weather.
However, you need to keep an eye on these clouds because any vertical growth
can indicate the start of a large storm.
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FLB/CGFU/FHC3AB4M/FLBCGFUFHC3AB4M.LARGE.jpg)
Cumulonimbus are cumulus clowds that have grown vertically into an anvil-like
shape. The anvil tends to point in the direction the storm is moving. These
clouds bring most dangerous weather such as rain, lightning, hail and
tornadoes.
10 of 20
(http://cdn.instructables.com/FGB/FLYO/FHC3ABAV/FGBFLYOFHC3ABAV.LARGE.jpg)
Alright, now that we know what the basic types of clouds are, we need to look up
at the sky.
Go outside and look at the sky. If there are no clouds in the the sky, then the
weather is fine.
Assuming there are clouds in the sky, we now need to identify them.
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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First, determine if you can see the sun or moon through them. If you can, then
you are looking at high altitude clouds. If the clouds are thick, then there is a
chance of poor weather a day or two in the future. To determine when the storm
will arrive, observe whether or not the clouds appear to be moving. If they
appear stationary, it is a slow moving front and probably won't arrive for over a
day. If they appear to be moving, then the change in weather will be there faster.
You can tell which way the storm is traveling by the direction the clouds are
pointing.
If you can not see through the clouds, chances are that you are looking at
middle or low altitude clouds. First, determine which of the two you are dealing
with by observing shape, color and other more obvious give-aways. Are they
covering the entire sky? Then they may be middle altitude clouds. Do they
appear to be grey with a blue tint or fluffy white/grey clouds with a lot of contrast
between light and dark? If yes, then these are middle altitude clouds and you
should prepare for rain within half a day.
If you answered no to any of those questions, then check for low-altitude clouds.
These tend to appear low and often engulf mountains and buildings. If it looks
like an elevated fog, expect drizzle (if it isn't already). If it is rows of low, dark,
lumpy clouds, then the weather is otherwise okay, but watch for further
developments. If there is a low, dark, grey sheet, then it's probably raining. If it's
not, quickly go get your umbrella.
If your clouds are low, fluffy, and white like cottonballs in the sky, then the
weather is okay. However, keep an eye on these for any vertical growth of the
cloud upwards into the sky (turning into anvil shapes). These clouds can
unexpectedly change from fair weather indicators into violent thunderstorms.
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cirrusb2002 (http://www.instructables.com/member/cirrusb2002/)
11 months ago
Reply
Reply
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
ccerceni (http://www.instructables.com/member/ccerceni/)
2 years ago
Reply
Reply
Hey, I just want to say this information has helped me a lot. I am a Wando
to keep
(http://www.instructables.com
Band Student, and during our marching band season, it is important
/member
an eye on the weather. I just wanted to ask a question though,
/weather2u/)
horselover101 (http://www.instructables.com/member/horselover101/)
2 years ago
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/member
/horselover101/)
Woodbuffalo (http://www.instructables.com/member/Woodbuffalo/)
2 years ago
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6 years ago
Reply
Rishnai (http://www.instructables.com/member/Rishnai/)
stratocumulus meeting, crossing, or coming near that line, plan for an indoor
day with the possibility of severe weather directly to your north, south, or
above you that day. In some cases, you will be able to watch a potentially
severe stack go up over or just to the east of you, in which case someone
about 100-250 miles to the east of you is about to have a bad day. At least
that's what happens here, on the very western edge of tornado country. Many
days, I can look up at the sky and predict (not well enough to become a pro
stormchaser, unfortunately) whether severe weather will happen, and predict
where it will be, such as "That sucker's going to do something nasty (tornado
or bad hail) over at about I-76 and the state line." Or "From the looks of that,
Peyton/Calhan is in danger today. We oughta call Sue and Bud, make sure
they're alright in about four hours." For a while I could get people to bet me on
that, then we'd sit around watching the weather radar and let the money
change hands.
static (http://www.instructables.com/member/static/)
Rishnai
6 years ago
12 of 20
Reply
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
13 of 20
they are good or lucky, perhaps both. I recall a Sunday when Chasers from
Oklahoma where in NW Kansas waiting when a tornado formed. The NWS
even hadn't even issued a tornado watch for that day. :)
Reply
and is
based on multiple factors starting with a good
knowledge of local factors that was built over the
years ;
2) TV weather forecast and other pro weathermen
are on th whole very reliable, albeit some rare
mistakes of course.
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I didn't feel that Randolfo wants
/member
reading for tornado forecast
/vincent7520/)
MaXoR (http://www.instructables.com/member/MaXoR/)
static
4 years ago
Reply
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killerAP (http://www.instructables.com/member/killerAP/)
static
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
14 of 20
Reply
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occluded fronts and long duration constant rainfall
/member
that severe weather. If you are seeing low lying
/dmwarheit/)
Reply
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Paranoia.
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/randofo/)
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paranoids is that
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/gordokury/)
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
15 of 20
vincent7520 (http://www.instructables.com/member/vincent7520/)
gordokury
3 years ago
Reply
wrong conclusion
Zinky (http://www.instructables.com/member/Zinky/)
gordokury
6 years ago
Reply
6 years ago
Reply
emartian (http://www.instructables.com/member/emartian/)
Fantastic 'struct! I especially appreciate the quality of the photos; the three
in agreement. Any
(http://www.instructables.com
people reading over my shoulder were all nodding silently
/member
idea where we could reliably see lenticular formations?
/emartian/)
of France.
Just luck I suppose
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anomaly or special
/member
/randofo/)
vincent7520 (http://www.instructables.com/member/vincent7520/)
3 years ago
Nice instructable
(http://www.instructables.com
but I'm not sure it is very practical as it seems too general
/member
to me : practically you have to take into account local
/vincent7520/)
patterns to really make the clouds "talk" and predict
weather : the sea, coast line, mountain formation, plain and
type of plants or trees plus local idiosyncrasies may
change considerably the general pattern you give here.
Your description of clouds is 100% correct of course but in
order to have a valuable prediction type of clouds must be
crossed with other informations :
- locally, air pressure with rate of rise or fall, wind speed
and direction at ground level (which is somewhat easy) and
at higher altitude (as you say) which can only be a guess,
temperature rise or fall
- if possible) regionally or on 1/2 a continent scale (let's say
Eastern US or Western Europe) data from different
weather stations ; ie. (for each station) air pressure, rate of
Reply
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
16 of 20
barometer rise of fall, wind direction and speed, temperature with rise or fall plus
type of cloud formation, type of rain if any, fog formation and dew point.
This list seems pretty stuffy, but once you're used to it you can make good
valuable 24h predictions by drawing a chart of air masses, fronts and weather
formation on the whole area (1/2 a continent).
We did precisely that when sailing on the western coast of Europe using the
weather service from BBC's channel 4. This weather bulletin was broadcasted 6
times a day (if my memory serves me well) and we did draw a weather chart in
about 5 minutes after the broadcast.
Of course with the internet on board, Navtex and all those electronic devices
(which are truly invaluable in rough conditions) caring about the weather has
changed dramatically : a 72 hours forecast in reliable now when a 12 hours
prediction was the more we could expect in the late 50's and 60's (24 to 36 hours
in the late 70's). And safety has increased and this is good
Conversely I feel we have lost an art of prediction which was trying to "read" all
those little signs from nature to make us aware of what could happen next and
gave a feeling of belonging to a universe we could have a practical understanding
of.
(Same could be said about the art of navigation, dead reckoning and nautical
astronomy : making a perfect fix by stars was -still is for some ?- quite exhalirating
and gave a feeling of deep achievement and a feeling of being one with one's
environment).
This is why your instructable is great albeit its limitations. Maybe you should add a
section on how the air masses move, how warm and cold fronts form what makes
the difference between a low and a high, wind direction, use of temperature rise
and fall, etc that shape the coming weather ? And also be somewhat more
specific about where and in which season the informations you give work best ?
It is just a suggestion
I am also aware this becomes a general course in meteorology and
Instructable.com may not be the place for it !!! ;D
So please don't feel I'm trying to put down your effort.
On the contrary.
Again, thank you and Happy New Year (as this is written on 12-30 at 11pm (local
time) :D :D
chazskinz (http://www.instructables.com/member/chazskinz/)
4 years ago
Reply
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vincent7520 (http://www.instructables.com/member/vincent7520/)
chazskinz
3 years ago
Reply
Moreover I do not see how chemtrails (wether tey are facts or not) can
help to predict weather which is the purpose of this instructable
You're just knocking at the wrong door.
Be nice to you : give yourself some fresh air and read what people
write instead of seeing a conspiracy where only simple useful facts are
given (not all facts but useful facts).
I haven't dismissed
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/randofo/)
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anything.
MaXoR (http://www.instructables.com/member/MaXoR/)
chazskinz
4 years ago
Reply
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
iShouldaKnoDD (http://www.instructables.com/member/iShouldaKnoDD/)
3 years ago
Reply
3 years ago
Reply
piper1234 (http://www.instructables.com/member/piper1234/)
mm if you live in the tornado alley or in Florida or some wild rainy place on
lives, lately people trust in the tv
knowledge of watching the sky and
judge by the clouds a tragedy could be avoided, if you see cumulosnimbus you
better run to hide, weather doesn't understand about satellites and tv
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earth this almost forgotten info might save
/member
weather
but if you look to the ancient wise
/piper1234/)
finfan7 (http://www.instructables.com/member/finfan7/)
3 years ago
Reply
This is an excellent resource. Living in the Southwest I see mostly dust clouds
start watching for these.
(http://www.instructables.com
but I will definitely
/member
/finfan7/)
stuilevuka (http://www.instructables.com/member/stuilevuka/)
3 years ago
Reply
thanks for the useful information and one that is very important to us daily
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/stuilevuka/)
teslacoilguitaramp,helpmeplz (http://www.instructables.com/member
/teslacoilguitaramp%2Chelpmeplz/)
3 years ago
Reply
i pretty much new all this stuff but it is still good to have a refresher, and a few
(http://www.instructables.com
/member more facts too, i found a few flaws about the description outcomes being to
/teslacoilguitaramp%2Chelpmeplz/)
precise and strict, i have had very thick dark sheets of nimbostratus and never
received any rain, but though it usually does, not as i am typing this because i
have those clouds it is dry, though this is not an exact science.
thingygoboom (http://www.instructables.com/member/thingygoboom/)
18 of 20
2/27/2015 11:45 AM
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4 years ago
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Edward L (http://www.instructables.com/member/Edward+L/)
4 years ago
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4 years ago
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6 years ago
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msean (http://www.instructables.com/member/msean/)
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what about no
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