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VECTOR UNITARIO
SOLUCIN
1.- La curva que describe el perseguido (conejo) est definida por la ecuacin
vectorial:
( pi+qj ) (1)
R=
p y q son funciones del tiempo (t).
2.- La curva que describe el perseguidor (zorro) est definida por la ecuacin
vectorial:
( xi+ yj ) (2)
F=
vf
T =
(3)
vf
Adems por condicin: el modulo velocidad del zorro (
vf
) es directamente
) :
proporcional al mdulo velocidad del conejo (vr
vf =kvr
( 4)
Entonces:
T =
vf
(5)
kvr
4.-El vector unitario que une la posicin del zorro hacia la posicin del conejo
tambin puede ser representado por el vector unitario de la diferencia de:
F
R
F
D=
(6)
F
5.- T
T = D
F
vf
R
=
F
kvr
R
F
R
kvr
vf =
(7)
F
R
6.- De las ecuaciones (1) y (2) se obtiene:
dx dy
vf = i+
j
dt
dt
vr
=
dp
dq
+
dt
dt
) ( )
F=
( px ) i+( q y ) j
R
F = ( px )2+ ( q y )2
R
7.- Reemplazando las ecuaciones obtenidas en la ecuacin 7:
dx dy
i+
j=
dt dt
dx dy
i+
j=
dt dt
dp 2 dq 2
+
( px ) i+(q y) j
dt
dt
dp 2 dq 2
+
( px )
dt
dt
) ( )
( px ) +( q y )
2
) ( )
( p x ) +( q y )
2
k
i+
dp 2 dq 2
+
( q y )
dt
dt
)( )
( px ) + ( q y )
2
dx
=
dt
dp 2 dq 2
+
( px )
dt
dt
)( )
( px ) + ( q y )
2
dy
=
dt
dp 2 dq 2
+
( q y )
dt
dt
)( )
( px ) + ( q y )
2
dt :
Multiplicado por
k dp +dq ( px )
2
dx=
( px ) + ( q y )
2
k dp +dq ( q y )
2
dy=
( px ) + ( q y )
2
( n+1p n) +
p
q
2
( n+ 1q n) ( p nx n )
( p x ) +( q y )
2
x n +1=x n+ k
( n+1p n) +
p
q
2
( n+ 1q n) ( qn y n )
( p x ) +( q y )
2
y n+ 1= y n +k
( n+1p n) +
p
q
2
( n+ 1q n) ( p nx n )
( p x ) +( q y )
2
x n +1=x n+ k
( n+1p n) +
p
q
2
( n+ 1q n) ( qn y n )
( p x ) +( q y )
2
y n+ 1= y n +k
x 0 =0
p0=0
p1=12cos(0.5(0+ t))
y 0 =0
0= 0
q
x 1=
y 1= .
Luego con los x1 y y1 obtenidos hallamos x2, y2 y as sucesivamente.
PRIMER EJEMPLO
DESARRROLLO CON EL Dev-C++
x(m)
y(m)
x2+y2
r(m)
p(m)
q(m)
12
0.005
0.035
0.035
0.01
0.07
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.10499
9
0.13999
8
0.17499
7
0.20999
4
0.24499
0.00008
8
0.00026
4
0.00052
8
0.00088
11.9999
63
11.9998
5
11.9996
63
11.9994
0.03
0.04
10
0.045
11
0.05
12
0.055
13
0.06
14
0.065
15
0.07
16
0.075
17
0.08
18
0.085
19
0.09
20
0.095
21
0.1
22
0.105
0.00122
5
0.00490
001
0.01102
486
0.01959
972
0.03062
472
0.04409
923
0.06002
353
0.07839
715
0.09922
063
0.12249
344
0.14821
56
0.17638
633
0.20700
645
0.24007
416
0.27559
137
0.31355
608
0.35396
943
0.39682
902
0.44213
737
0.48989
189
0.54009
255
0.27998
4
0.31497
7
0.34996
8
0.38495
7
0.41994
3
0.45492
7
0.48990
7
0.52488
5
0.55985
9
0.59483
0.62979
6
0.66475
9
0.69971
7
0.73467
0.00132
1
0.00185
2
0.00247
2
0.00318
1
0.00398
0.00486
9
0.00584
9
0.00691
9
0.00808
0.00933
3
0.01067
6
0.01211
2
0.01363
9
0.01525
9
0.01697
1
0.01877
6
0.07000
006
0.10499
933
0.13999
9
0.17499
921
0.20999
815
0.24499
7
0.27999
491
0.31499
306
0.34999
063
0.38498
779
0.41998
373
0.45497
961
0.48997
363
0.52496
797
0.55996
078
0.59495
33
0.62994
367
0.66493
411
0.69992
278
0.73490
989
11.9990
63
11.9986
5
11.9981
63
11.9976
11.9969
63
11.9962
5
11.9954
63
11.9946
11.9936
63
11.9926
51
11.9915
63
11.9904
01
11.9891
64
11.9878
52
11.9864
65
11.9850
03
11.9834
66
0.06
0.08999
9
0.11999
8
0.14999
6
0.17999
3
0.20998
9
0.23998
4
0.26997
7
0.29996
9
0.32995
8
0.35994
6
0.38993
1
0.41991
4
0.44989
5
0.47987
2
0.50984
6
0.53981
8
0.56978
6
0.59975
0.62971
1
23
0.11
24
0.115
25
0.12
0.76961
9
0.80456
2
0.8395
0.02067
4
0.02266
6
0.02475
1
0.59274
082
0.64783
376
0.70537
286
0.76989
663
0.80488
121
0.83986
479
11.9818
55
11.9801
68
11.9784
06
0.65966
7
0.68962
0.71956
8
t vs y
f(x) = - 0.07x^6 + 0.92x^5 - 4.45x^4 + 8.8x^3 - 4.91x^2 + 1.96x - 0.13
y(m)
-0.8 -0.4
0
0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6
2
2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6
4
-1 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.6
1
1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6
3
3.4 3.8
t(seg)
t vs x
f(x) = - 0.06x^6 + 0.61x^5 - 1.62x^4 + 0.09x^3 + 1.23x^2 + 6.24x + 0.08
x(m)
-0.8 -0.4
0
0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6
2
2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6
4
-1 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.6
1
1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6
3
3.4 3.8
t(seg)
x vs y
y(m)
-5
-6
-3
-4
-1
-2
1
0
3
2
5
4
x(m)
7
6
9
8
11 13
10 12 14
SEGUNDO EJEMPLO
DESARRROLLO CON EL Dev-C++
t(seg)
x(m)
y(m)
x2+y2
r(m)
p(m)
q(m)
24
576
24
12
0.01
23.93
572.6449
23.93
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.00035
2
0.00105
8
0.00212
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
569.2996
48
565.9643
39
562.6390
21
559.3237
9
556.0187
86
552.7240
58
549.4397
10
0.09
11
0.1
12
0.11
13
0.12
14
0.13
23.86000
1
23.79000
5
23.72001
31
23.65002
73
23.58005
06
23.51008
42
23.44013
01
23.37019
05
23.30026
75
23.23036
33
23.16048
01
23.09062
15
0.14
16
0.15
17
0.16
18
0.17
19
0.18
20
0.19
21
0.2
22
0.21
23
0.22
23.8600
01
23.7900
05
23.7200
13
23.6500
27
23.5800
5
23.5100
83
23.4401
28
23.3701
87
23.3002
62
23.2303
55
23.1604
68
23.0906
03
23.0207
62
22.9509
48
22.8811
63
22.8114
07
22.7416
85
22.6719
98
22.6023
48
22.5327
37
22.4631
68
11.9998
5
11.9994
0.00354
0.00532
0.00746
2
0.00996
7
0.01283
8
0.01607
5
0.01968
1
0.02365
7
0.02800
5
0.03272
7
0.03782
2
0.04329
5
0.04914
4
0.05537
2
0.06198
0.06896
9
0.07634
0.08409
4
546.1658
05
542.9024
68
539.6497
81
536.4078
38
533.1767
31
529.9565
54
526.7474
45
523.5494
95
520.3627
04
517.1873
03
514.0233
35
510.8708
92
507.7300
65
504.6009
88
23.02078
53
22.95097
92
22.88120
4
22.81145
99
22.74175
24
22.67208
27
22.60245
32
22.53286
63
22.46332
54
11.9986
5
11.9976
11.9962
5
11.9946
11.9926
51
11.9904
01
11.9878
52
11.9850
03
11.9818
55
11.9784
06
11.9746
59
11.9706
12
11.9662
66
11.9616
2
11.9566
76
11.9514
33
11.9458
91
11.9400
5
11.9339
11
11.9274
73
0.11999
8
0.17999
3
0.23998
4
0.29996
9
0.35994
6
0.41991
4
0.47987
2
0.53981
8
0.59975
0.65966
7
0.71956
8
0.77945
1
0.83931
4
0.89915
6
0.95897
6
1.01877
2
1.07854
3
1.13828
6
1.19800
1
1.25768
6
1.31734
24
0.23
25
0.24
22.3936
43
22.3241
63
0.09223
3
0.10075
6
501.4837
54
498.3784
05
22.39383
29
22.32439
04
11.9207
37
11.9137
04
1.37696
1.43654
6
t vs y
12.5
10f(x) = - 0x^6 + 0.01x^5 - 0.09x^4 - 0.16x^3 + 2.06x^2 + 0.06x - 0.04
7.5
5
y(m9
2.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5
-2.5
-5
-7.5
-10
t(seg)
t vs x
f(x) = - 0x^6 + 0.03x^5 - 0.13x^4 + 0.01x^3 + 1.14x^2 - 7.82x + 24.12
x(m)
0
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
t(seg)
4.5
5 5.5
6.5
7.5
x vs y
y (m)
-15 -13 -11 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
-16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
x (m)