Definitions and theorems to be known for the oral part of the Physics I exam

(For chapters, refer to the notes of Prof. Iazzi, on the web)

Chapter 1: Introduction
1) Dimension: definition and additive property of the dimensions
2) Demonstration of the dimension of monomial and polynomials
3) Demonstration of the dimension of exponential and logarithm
4) Demonstration of the dimension of the angles
5) Demonstration of the dimension of the trigonometric functions and their inverse
6) Definition of average of a measurement,
7) Definition of statistical and systematic errors, Relative error and Variance
8) Definition of error in indirect measurements and related formula
9) Discrete values of the measurements: distribution of the statistical errors, definition of frequency and
normalized frequency
10) Continuous values of the measurements: from Histogram to the density of frequency
11) Statement of the Central Limit Theorem (Law of Large Numbers)
12) Demonstration of the relationship between the Gaussian distribution of the errors and average
13) Demonstration of the relationship between the Gaussian distribution of the errors and variance
14) Description of the Experience n 1
15) Description of the Experience n 2
Chapter 2: Kinematics
1) Definition of vector displacement, velocity and acceleration
2) Demonstration that the velocity is tangent to the trajectory
3) Demonstration that the modulus of the velocity is the ratio of path to time
4) Demonstration of the velocity formula in cylindrical coordinates
5) Demonstration of the acceleration formula in cylindrical coordinates
6) Demonstration of the Keplers II Law
7) Definition of the velocity formula in intrinsic coordinates
8) Demonstration of the acceleration formula in intrinsic coordinates
9) Relation between the accelerations of a point in two systems moving with respect to each other (without
proof)
Chapter 3: Dynamics of the physical point
1) Definition of the Gravitational force and its formula
2) Demonstration of the Gravitational force on the Earth surface from the general formula
3) Definition of the Coulomb (Electrostatic) force and its formula
4) Definition of the Elastic force and its formula
5) Definition of the Tension force and its formula
6) Definition of the Normal force and its formula
7) Definition of the Static friction force and its formula
8) Definition of the Dynamical friction force and its formula
9) Definition of the viscous force and its formula
10) Definition of the Lorentz force and its formula
11) Definition of the 3 Laws of the Dynamics of the point
12) Definition of the Gravitational and Electrostatic field and of a flux of a field
13) Demonstration of the Gauss theorem for Gravitational and Electrostatic field

14) Application of the Gauss theorem to a uniform spherical distribution of the mass: field inside and
outside the sphere
15) Application of the Gauss theorem to a uniform infinite planar distribution of mass: field on both sides
of the plane
16) Definition of Linear Momentum and Impulse and additive properties
17) Demonstration of the Impulse theorem and conservation of the Linear Momentum
18) Definition of Angular Momentum and Torque and additive properties
19) Demonstration of the Angular Momentum (Torque) theorem conservation of the Angular Momentum
20) Definition of Kinetic Energy and Work and properties
21) Demonstration of the Work (Kinetic Energy) theorem
22) Definition of Conservative force and Potential energy
23) Additive property of the Potential Energy U(x,y,z)
24) Demonstration of the Work theorem for Conservative forces
25) Definition of total mechanical energy and conservation
26) Demonstration of the not-conservative features of the Lorentz force
27) Demonstration of the not-conservative features of the tension force
28) Demonstration of the not-conservative features of the normal force
29) Demonstration of the not-conservative features of the static friction force
30) Demonstration of the not-conservative features of the dynamic friction force
31) Demonstration of the not-conservative features of the viscous friction force
32) Demonstration of the conservative property of the gravitational force
33) Demonstration of the conservative property of a constant force
34) Demonstration of the conservative property of the Coulomb force
35) Definition of spherical coordinates
36) Definition of Central Force and examples

Chapter 4: Dynamics of the systems of points

1) Definition of system of physical points and of the Centre of Mass (CM)
2) Demonstration of the Additive property of CM
3) Definition of the Linear Momentum, Angular momentum and Kinetic Energy of a system
4) Demonstration of the formula for the kinetic energy transformation in different reference frames and of the
Koenig theorem
5) Demonstration of the formula for the Angular Momentum transformation in different reference frames
6) Definition of Internal and External Forces
7) Demonstration of the theorem of the internal forces
8) Demonstration of the theorem of the internal torques
9) Demonstration of the I Cardinal equation
10) Demonstration of the II Cardinal equation
11) Demonstration of the theorem of work for systems
12) Demonstration of the conservation of mechanical energy for systems
13) Demonstration of the conservation of total linear momentum for systems
14) Demonstration of the conservation of total angular momentum for systems
15) Definition of collision: elastic, inelastic and totally inelastic collisions
16) Demonstration of the equation of elastic collisions
17) Demonstration of the equation of one dimensional elastic collisions
18) Demonstration of the equation of totally inelastic collisions
19) Definition of Rigid Body
20) Properties 1,2,3 of the rigid body with a fixed rotation axis (without demonstration)

21) Definition of moment of Inertia and demonstration of the Huyghens-Steiner theorem

Chapter 5: Fluids
1) Definition of the pressure inside the fluids and demonstration of the pressure isotropy
2) Demonstration of the Stevin (Stevinus) theorem for volumic fields
3) Demonstration of the Archimedes Law

4) Demonstration of the Bernoulli theorem

Chapter 6: Thermodynamics
1) Definition of temperature and of the 0-th principle of the thermodynamics
2) Definition of heat, specific heat, latent heat
3) Heat transfer: internal transfer law (Fourier law)
4) Heat transfer: external transfer law (Newton law)
5) Heat transfer: radiation law (Stefan law)
6) Definition of thermodynamic transformation
7) Definition of work of a thermodynamic system
8) Definition of the I Law of Thermodynamics
9) The Joule experiment
10) Demonstration of the Mayer theorem
11) Demonstration of the exchanged heat, produced work and internal energy variation in iso-volumic
transformations of an ideal gas
12) Demonstration of the exchanged heat, produced work and internal energy variation in isobaric
transformations of an ideal gas
13) Demonstration of the exchanged heat, produced work and internal energy variation in isothermal
transformations of an ideal gas
14) Demonstration of the equation of adiabatic transformation of ideal gases
15) Demonstration of the exchanged heat, produced work and internal energy variation in adiabatic
transformations of an ideal gas
16) Demonstration of the Carnot cycle properties
17) Definition of Efficiency
18) Clausius and Kelvin statements of the II Law of Thermodynamics
19) Demonstration of the equivalence of both Clausius and Kelvin statements
20) Demonstration of the Carnot theorem
21) Demonstration of the Clausius inequality
22) Definition of Entropy