A/P Lecture Origin and Insertions of the muscles of the

Human
-Origin= immovable
-Insertion= movable
-Antagonist= moves the part

Muscles that move head/spine

Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid Process
Action: Pulls head to one side, flexes neck, or elevates sternum
Splenius Capitis
Origin: Spinous process of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Occipital Bone
Action: Rotates head, bends head, or extends
Semispinalis Capitis
Origin: Transverse process of thoracic and cervical
Insertion: Occipital Bone
Action: Extends, bends, and rotates head
Erector Spinae
Origin: iliocostalis
Insertion: Spinalis
Action: Erect or maintain spine
Quadratus Lumborum:
Origin: ilium crest
Insertion: Floating Rib, transverse process lumbar
Action: Flexes lumbar, bends, extends, also forces expiration

Muscles that move scapula

Trapezius
Origin:

Insertion: Acromion process of scapula

Action: Stabilizes raises, and rotates scapula

Rhomboideus Major
Origin: spinous process
Insertion: vertebral border
Action: Retracts, adducts, rotates, and elevates scapula
Rhomboideous Minor (abover Rhomboideus Major)
Origin: Spinous Process to vertebrae
Insertion: Root of the spine of the scapula
Action: Retracts, stabilizes, and elevates the scapula
Levator Scapulae
Origin: Transverse Process of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Medial margin of the scapula
Action: Elevates scapula
Serratus Anterior
Origin: Ribs
Insertion: Medial border of the scapula
Action: Abducts, protracts, and upwardly rotates the scapula
Pectoralis Minor
Origin: Costal ends of the ribs
Insertion: Coracoid process of the scapula
Action: Pulls sscapula forward and downward or rises ribs

Muscles that move the arm

Coracobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: Midway on the shaft of the humerus
Action: Flexion and adduction of the humerus
Pectoralis Major
Origin: Sternum and the costal Cartilage
Insertion: Below Bicipital Groove on the edge
Action: Flexes, adducts, and rotates arm medially
Teres Major

Origin: Lower edge of the lateral border

Insertion: Medial, lower to the bicipital groove
Action: Medially rotates, adducts, and extends

Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: Spinous process, thoracic and lumbar vertebras
Insertion: Bicipital Groove
Action: Elevation, twisting

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle
Action: Stabilize the shoulder, rotate the arm laterally
Suprascapularis
Origin: Subscapular
Insertion: Greater Tubercle
Action: Rotates arm medially
Infraspinatus
Origin: infraspinas fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: Rotates arm laterally
Teres

Minor
Origin: Lateral Border of scapula
Insertion: Greater Tubercle
Action: Rotates arm laterally

Muscles that move the Forearm

Biceps Brachii
Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle (long head) and coracoid (short head)
Insertion: Radial Tuberosity
Action: flexes elbow
Brachialis
Origin: Anterior shaft of the humerus

Insertion: coronoid of ulna

Action: Flexes elbow

Brachioradialis
Origin:
Insertion: styloid process
Action: Flexes elbow, assists in supination and pronation
Triceps Brachii
Origin: lateral side of the humerus, medial head posterior, tubercle of
the glenoid cavity
Insertion: Olecranon Process
Action: Extends elbow
Supinator
Origin: Ulna
Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius
Action: Supinates the forearm
Pronator Teres
Origin: Medial epicondyle and coronoid process of the ulna
Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius
Action: Pronates the elbow
Pronator Quadratus
Origin: Distal end of the ulna
Insetion: Distal end of the radius
Action: Pronates hand and rotates arm medially

Lower Arm Muscles

Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Action: Flexes wrist and abducts the hand
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin: Alecronon Process
Insertion: Metacarpals, specifically 5th metacarpal
Action: Flexes wrist and abducts

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin: medial epicondyle, coronoid process, and radius
Insertion: Tendons of the fingers
Action:
Palmaris Longus
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion:
Action: Flexes wrist

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

External Oblique
Origin: Outer surface of lower limbs
Insertion: Outer lip of iliac crest and linea alba
Action: Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents
Internal Oblique
Origin: Crest of ilium
Insertion: Cartilages of lower ribs, linea alba, and crest of pubis
Action: Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents
Transversus Abdomnins
Origin: Costal cartilage of lower ribs and processes of lumbar vertebra
and iliac crest
Insertion: Linea Alba and crest of pubis
Action: Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents
Rectus Abdominis
Origin: Pubic Crest and Pubis
Insertion: Costal Cartilage and Xiphoid Process
Action: Compress the abdominal cavity and flexes the vertebral column

Muscles that move the thigh

Iliacus
Origin: Fossa of the ilium and the sacrum
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Action: Flexes thigh

Psoas Major
Origin: Lumbar intervertebral disc
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Action: Flexes thigh
Gluteus Maximum
Origin: illium
Insertion: Posterior surface of the tibia
Action: Extends the hip
Gluteus Medias
Origin: ilium
Insertion: Greater Trochanter
Action: Abducts and rotates thigh medially
Gluteus Meatus
Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter
Action: Abducts and rotates thigh medially
Tensor Fascia Latae
Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: IT Band
Action: Abducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially
Adductor Brevis
Origin: pubic crest
Insertion: posterior side of the femur
Action: Adducts and flexes the thigh
Adductor Longus
Origin: Pubic bone
Insertion: Lower posterior of the femur
Action: Adducts and flexes thigh
Adductor Magnus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Posterior shaft of the femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Gracilis
Origin: Lower edge of the pubic synthesis
Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia

Action: Adducts thigh and flexes the knee

Muscles that move the leg

Biceps Femoris (Long Head and Short Head)
Origin: Acetabulum and ishcial tuberosity
Insertion: Head of the tibia
Action: flexes knee, rotates leg laterally, and extends the thigh
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ishial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial Surface of the tibia
Action: flexes knee, rotates leg laterally, and extends the thigh
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of the tibia
Action: flexes knee, rotates leg laterally, and extends the thigh
Sartorius
Origin: iliac spine
Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia
Action: Flexes knee and hip and abducts the thigh along with rotates
the thigh laterally
Quads- Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis, Rectus Femoris
Insertion: Patella by tendon which continues as ligament to the tibial
tuberostiy
Rectus Femoris
Orgin: Spine in the ilium
Insertion: Petalla by tendon which continues as ligament to the tibial
tuberostiy
Actin: Extends the knee and flexes the thigh
Vastus Medius:
Origin: Intertrochanter Line
Insertion:
Tibialis Anteror
Origin: Lateral surface of the tibia
Insertion: First cuneiform and metatarsal

Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

Grastrocnemius
Origin: Medial and Lateral head of the condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexion of the foot and flexes the knee
Soleus
Orgin: Posterior side of the fibula and tibia
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexion of the foot