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0 INTRODUCTION
• More Flexibility
• Lower Cost
• Communication Capability
• Easier Troubleshoot
Figure 1: PLC System Architecture
The PLC is primarily used to control machinery. A program is written for the
PLC which turns on and off outputs based on input conditions and the internal program.
In this aspect, a PLC is similar to a computer. However, a PLC is designed to be
programmed once, and run repeatedly as needed. In fact, a crafty programmer could use a
PLC to control not only simple devices such as a garage door opener, but their whole
house, including turning lights on and off at certain times, monitoring a custom built
security system, etc.
A typical PLC divided into parts, as illustrated in Figure 2. These components are
the central processing units (CPU), the input/output (I/O) section, the power supply and
the programming device.
The automotive industry is still one of the largest users of PLCs. Most commonly, a
PLC is found inside of a machine in an industrial environment. A PLC can run an
automatic machine for years with little human intervention. They are designed and to
withstand most harsh environments a PLC will encounter.
OBJECTIVES:
2) To learn the program instruction that perform logical operations and ladder logic
programs,
3) To understand and program the control of outputs using the timer instruction
control bits.
4) To apply the PLC counter function and associated circuitry to control systems
3.0 SCOPE
• Student able to draw a basic electro-pneumatic circuit with PLC, install and test
run it to move an actuator.
• Student able to design, construct, and troubleshoot of this PLC circuits.
• Student able to identify and operate a few types of electro pneumatic components
including relay and its contactors.
4.0 SAFETY PRECAUTION
Power supply
Solenoid (Y1)
1. First, electro-pneumatic circuit was created according to the task given and was
installed into the electro-pneumatic trainer by double acting cylinder, 5/2 way
DCV single solenoids and internal relay.
2. Second, the input of push button 1(SA) and push button 1(SB) was connecting to
24V and the output SA & SB was connecting to normally close contact RB. The
output of RB was connecting to output component coil (internal relay RA).
3. Third, the input component contact RA was connecting to output of push button
SA and SB as OR gate style.
4. Fourth, the input of sensor (AE) was connecting to 24V and the output was
connecting to contact RA and output of RA was connecting to output component
coil (RB)
5. Fifth, the input component contact RB was connecting to output of sensor (AE) as
OR gate style.
6. Then, the input of relay contactor RA was connecting to 24V and the output was
connecting to normally close contact (RB). After that the output of normally close
contact (RB) was connecting to solenoid (Y1).
7. After that the circuit was operated and do same troubleshoot if got any problem
with the circuit.
Input
component Output
(Switch & S component
sensor) e (Solenoid)
n
s
o
r
Task week 1
A simple drilling operation requires the drill press to turn on only if there is a part present
and the operator has one hand on each of the start switches. The precaution will ensure
that the operator’s hands are not in the drill. Switches 1& 2 and the part sensor must be
activated to make the drill motor operator.
1) Sequent Motion:
SA Limit
Start & Switch
SB AE
A+ A-
2) Tabular Plan:
The diagram above showed an electro-pneumatic with PLC control circuit & power
circuit. This circuit install in electro-pneumatic trainer according to the task given. For
build this diagram, we used two push button (SA & SB), 5/2 way DCV single solenoid
valve and one double acting cylinder. The circuit supply by 24V and 0V.
Figure 6: Actuator extend position
The diagram above showed, when the SA and SB was pressed, the solenoid Y1
was activated. Once the solenoid Y1 was activated the 5/2 way DCV single solenoid
valve will change the position and the actuator will extend. Besides that, RA also
activated which is creating memory. The actuator also reach the limit switch AE
(replace for sensor) and touch the limit switch AE.
Figure 7: change the position of valve
After touched AE, RB was activated. Once the internal relay RB was activated the
5/2 way DCV single solenoid valve will change the position because the solenoid was
deactivated and spring return make this position changes. RB also deletes memory
which deletes the RA memory.
Figure 8: actuator in fully retracting position
Finally, the actuator was fully retracting position. All the internal memory was
deleted. The circuit will star after press SA and SB.
7. CONCLUSSIONS
In conclude, during this experiment, student was learning a lot about the basic and
early knowledge about the PLC. As we know, typical PLC part can be divided into parts,
these components are the CPU, Input / Output section, the power supply and
programming device.
Along this experiment also, we was learning about the method to build a ladder
diagram. Ladder diagram is uses standard symbols to represent the circuit components
and functions found in a control system. For this experiment, we were learning about
latching or self holding program. Latching program is used to hold an output device
maintain activated although the input contact has deactivated. Both of input and output
device has another device, which is setup parallel to their actual device. From the ladder
diagram of this experiment, we can see the latching technique at branch which has IRA
and IRB. IRA or Internal Relay A is function to create a memory, so it will hold the
output device. IRB or Internal Relay B is function to delete a memory which we hold at
the early as we can see at figure 1.2. Finally, we are success doing this experiment and
the cylinder also was move with smoothly.
REFERENCES
Figure 9: Latching Program
1. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_logic_controller
2. www.logicdesign.com/inside/plc.html
3. en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introductory_PLC_Programming
4. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication
5. www.electronicspal.com/plc
6. www.plcdev.com/glossary/1
7. www.portlandonline.com/index.cfm?&a=fdjch
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-pneumatic_action
9. http://www.answerbag.com/q_view/157904
10. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5437306.html?
query=valve+double+solenoid&stemming=on
11. http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index;_ylt=AnGhbPJAQhAOcr5dOp5hNH4jz
KIX;_ylv=3?qid=20081004002957AAwO5VD
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel