Professional Documents
Culture Documents
: IV B.Tech ME
Subject
Semester
:I
: Mahendra Babu. M
COURSE OBJECTIVE
At end of the course, the student will be able to .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Class
& ROBOTICS
Semester
:I
Mahendra Babu. M
02-07-12 to
07-07-12
2
2
1
09-07-12 to
13-07-12
2.
23-07-12 to
28-07-12
1
2
2
4.
30-07-12 to
04-08-12
5.
06-08-12 to
11-8-12
6.
7.
13-08-12 to
18-08-12
20-08-12 to
25-08-12
8.
27-08-12 to
01-09-12
9.
03-09-12 to
05-09-12
II
Automated flow
lines
3
2
III
Assembly line
balancing
3.
2
2
16-07-12 to
21-07-12
IV
Introduction
to
1.
WEEK
No.
of
Class
es
I
Introduction
To
UNIT
WEEK
NO
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
TOPIC
Introduction, Need for an
automation
Types of automation
Basic elements of an
automated system,
levels of automation,
hardware components for
automation process control,
mechanical feeders,
hoppers, orienters,
high speed automatic
insertion devices.
Automated flow linesintroduction
Part transfer methods and
mechanisms,
types of Flow lines,
flow line with/without
buffer storage,
qualitative analysis.
Automated assembly line
Assembly process
systems assembly line,
line balancing methods,
ways of improving line
balance,
flexible assembly lines.
Introduction to robotics,
Classification by coordinate system
Function line diagram
robot arm
Common types of arms &
components
Architecture, robot
characteristics,
Robotics wrists,Robotic end
effectors,
hydraulics, pneumatics&
locomotion devices
I MID EXAMS
No. of
period
s in a
Week
No. of
periods
per unit
14
5
10
5
3
07
4
4
09
12.
17-09-12 to
22-09-12
13.
24-09-12 to
29-09-12
14.
01-10-12 to
06-10-12
15.
08-10-12 to
13-10-12
16.
15-10-12 to
20-10-12
17.
22-10-12 to
27-10-12
18.
29-10-12 to
31-10-12
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
VI
Trajectory Planning &
Programming
10-09-12 to
15-09-12
VII
Robot actuators &
sensors
11.
V
Manipulator Kinematics
&
06-09-12 to
08-09-12
VIII
Robot Applications in
Manufacturing
10.
2
2
1
1
3
3
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
Motion analysisHomogeneous
1
transformations
Specifications of matrices
D-H notation, joint & world
coordinates
Forward Kinematics
inverse Kinematics
5
Differential transformation
and manipulators
Jacobians, problems
Dynamics Lagrange-Euler
formulation
4
Newton-Euler formulation
Trajectory planning -Path
planning
Joint integrated motion
5
Trajectory planning &
avoidance of obstacles
Straight line
motion,problems
4
Robot programmingLanguages, packages
ACTUATORS-hydraulic,
pneumatic,
5
Electricactuators -stepper
motors
Feed back devices-position
proximity sensors, velocity
5
sensors
encoders
Material
Transfer
Application - Material
handling,
loading
and
3
unloadingProcessing Application - arc
welding
spray painting.
Assembly and Inspection
3
applications
Total number of classes
10
09
10
06
73
2.
Draw the neat sketches of the following mechanisms and discuss briefly:
a) Rachet and Pawl mechanism
b) Over and Under type chain drive mechanism
c) Cam mechanism
d) Walking Beam mechanism.
3.
a) What is ranked positional weight value? Explain its importance in solving line balancing problems by using
Ranked Positional Weights Method.
b) Discuss any four methods that should be considered by the designer of a flow line for improving the efficiency
of the assembly line.
4.
What are the basic components of Industrial robot? Explain the functional of the components briefly.
5.
.
PBR VISVODAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, KAVALI
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Class : IV B.Tech (I sem)
II MID EXAM
Time : 90 min
Date : 01-11-12 ( AN )
ROBOTICS
Marks : 20
Answer any THREE of the following.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain a 3-5-3 trajectory plan to represent a pick and place movement for an assembly operation.
Explain the different types of actuators that can be used for the robot joints.
Find the manipulator Jacobian matrix J (q) of the five axis spherical co-ordinate robot..
(a).
Explain the Lagrange Eulers formulation for robot arm.
(b).
Explain Denavit-Hartenberg convention for selecting frames of reference in robotic application
5. Classify & Explain manufacturing applications of robots
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11
dt q*
i
* = ............(i = 1,2,3,................n)
qi
Where
L Lagrangian function = KE PE ,
qi Generalised co-ordinate
(a). Velocity (Vi)
(b). Acceleration (ai)
(c). Torque (Ti)
(d). None of the above
Newtons equation gives the relationship between
[
(a). Torque, mass, jerk
(b). Force, mass, acceleration
. Power, force, velocity
(d). Energy, mass, velocity
Differential change in the manipulator can be computed by.
[
(a). Jacobian (b) Inverse Jacobian
(c) Any of the above
(d) None of the above.
Trajectory planning satisfies
[
a) Only path constraints
b). Only path specifications
c). Only dynamic constraints
d). All the above.
]
]
]
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a) Discuss the general terminology used in the analysis of an automated flow line.
b) Discuss briefly about the following terms used in automated flow lines:
(i) Buffer stock effectiveness
7.
a)With the help of neat sketches, explain the following linear transfer mechanisms:
i) Powered Roller Conveyor System
a) Explain how the efficiency of the flow line increases by adding one or more parts storage
buffers between work stations along the line.
b) Discuss the analysis of a two-stage automated flow line
9.
a) With the help of neat sketches, explain the following linear transfer mechanisms:
(i) Walking Beam Transfer System (ii) Chain Drive Conveyor System
b) Enumerate the differences between synchronous and asynchronous transfer mechanisms.
10.
a) What is partial automation and what are the reasons for the existence of partially automated production lines
in the shop floors?
b) Discuss the following terms used in the automated flow lines:
(i) Starving of stations (ii) Blocking of stations.
11.
What are the important mechanical feeding devices used in automated systems? Discuss them briefly.
12.
Draw the neat sketches of the following mechanisms and discuss briefly:
a) Rachet and Pawl mechanism
b) Over and Under type chain drive mechanism
c) Cam mechanism
d) Walking Beam mechanism.
13.
What are the two basic approaches used in the analysis of transfer lines without storage? Explain them briefly.
12.
a)What are the various assembly systems used in industry to accomplish the assembly processes.
b) Explain the steps used in solving the line balancing problem by using Largest Candidate Rule method.
13.
a) What is ranked positional weight value? Explain its importance in solving line balancing problems by using
Ranked Positional Weights Method.
b) Discuss any four methods that should be considered by the designer of a flow line for improving the efficiency
of the assembly line.
14.
a)Explain the different ways in which the work is moved on the line between operator workstations in Manual
Assembly Line.
b)What is Flexible Assembly Line? Discuss its important features.
15.
b)With the help of suitable example explain the procedure to solve the line balancing problem by Kilbridge and
Westers Method.
16.
What are the basic components of Industrial robot? Explain the functional of the components briefly.
10
17.
18
a).Define robot ?
b)Describe different robot configurations with neat sketches.
19.
20.
21.
22.
(a) Describe the degrees of freedom of a robot wrist with the help of a neat sketch.
(b) Describe the common types of robot arms.
Illustrate a robot gripper with [5+5+6]
(a) cam operated
(b) gear operated
(c) lever (links) operated fingers
Give the classification of robots based on control system and describe their characteristic features.
23.
24.
11
30.
a). n
31.
called..
a). blocking of stations
c). starving of stations
32.
a). zero
c).-1
33.
a). cost per item
c). proportion of down time
34.
a). threaded fastener
c). press fit
35.
a). precedence constraints
c). position constraints
36.
by the precedence constraints
a). flow diagram
c). precedence diagram
37.
stations
a). balance delay
c). buffer capacity
38.
a). balance delay
c). buffer capacity
39.
a). dividing work elements
c). parallel stations
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
12
13
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Where
d L L
14
(a). Zeros
(b). Zeros Except diagonal elements
(c). Ones
(d). Cant say
Eulers equation gives
(a). Force acting on the body
(b). Velocity of the body
. Acceleration of the body
(d). Torque acting on the body
19.
Newtons equation gives the relationship between
(a). Torque, mass, jerk
(b). Force, mass, acceleration
. Power, force, velocity
(d). Energy, mass, velocity
18.
20.
15
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
a)
b)
c)
d)
38
b)
c)
d)
e)
39
b)
c)
d)
e)
40
a)
(d) mechanical
16
17
Code: 9A03702
B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Supplementary Examinations, May 2013
7.
(b)
8.
(b)
Max Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
List out and discuss about the basic elements of an
automated system.
List out the various types of flow lines. Discuss flow line
with and without buffer storage.
What are the considerations to be made in assembly line
design?
Explain various configurations of robot with neat
sketches.
Explain in detail about DH representation of robot with a
suitable example.
Discuss the following methods of robot programming:
(i) Lead through teaching.
(ii)Walk through teaching.
(iii) Off-line programming.
( Classify different sensors and actuators used in robotics.
Discuss the working of following actuators:
(i) Pneumatic actuators.
(ii) Hydraulic actuators.
( What are the desirable features of a robot for successful machine tool
load/unload applications?
Describe the applications of a robot in press working
operation
18
Code: R5 321305
R5
B.Tech III Year II Semester (R05) Supplementary Examinations, April / MAY 2012
ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION
(Electronics and Control Engineering)
(b)
3
(b)
4
(b)
5
(b)
6
7
8
Discuss the working principle and advantage of fiber optic sensors in robotics.
( With a neat sketch describe the working of pneumatic actuator.
Discuss the design consideration of robotic gripper.
( Define work envelope and discuss the jacobian work envelope for any type of robotic configuration.
What are the advantages of using robot programming languages?
Discuss the various Hillelimbing techniques in robotic.
What are the various robot programming software packages? Explain theircharacteristics.
( Explain the considerations to be mode in the design of a robot work cell.
(b)
19
20
(b)
Differentiate between path planning and trajectory planning. [4]
(c)
What are the drawbacks of incremental encoders? [6]
22. (a) Draw the figure of a hydraulic system of robot and show how the out put shaft velocity is proportional to the flow
of the oil in motor-pump combination for a hydraulic system. [10]
(b)
Compare and contrast hydraulic and Electrical actuators. [6]
23.
Define rotation transformation and explain how to represent the transformation for rotation of an angle about x
, y and z-axis.
24.
What is a forward kinematics problem? Explain Denavit-Hartenberg convention for selecting frames of reference
in robotic application. [16]
25.
Write and explain the algorithm for deriving the forward kinematics for any manipulator based on D-H
convention.
Perform the forward transformation for the five axis Microbot using the following data.
Link
a
d
1.
0
-90
1
d1
2.
a2
0
2
0
3.
a3
0
3
0
4.
a4 +
900
4
0
5.
0
0
5
d5
AUTOMATION IN MANUFACTURING
1. a) Draw the simple block diagram of pneumatic circuit and discuss it briefly.
b) What are the different types automation? Discuss them briefly.
2. a) Discuss the general methods of transporting work pieces on flow lines.
b) Discuss the advantages and limitations of the continuous transfer mechanisms.
3. a) Discuss the general terminology used in the analysis of an automated flow line.
b) Discuss briefly about the following terms used in automated flow lines:
(i) Buffer stock effectiveness (ii) Partial Automation
4. a) What are the various assembly systems used in industry to accomplish the assembly processes.
b) Explain the steps used in solving the line balancing problem by using Largest Candidate Rule method.
5. a) Explain briefly the important principles of material handling.
b) Describe the following conveyors used in material transport systems:
(i) Roller and Skate wheel conveyors (ii) Belt conveyors.
6. a) Explain the various objectives for installing an automated storage system in a factory.
b) Explain the various applications of carousal storage systems.
7. a) Explain the advantages of using adaptive control systems in turning operation.
b) Discuss the comparisons between adaptive machining and non-adaptive machining.
8. a) What is stereo lithography? Describe the stereo lithography with the help of neat sketch.
b) What is Concurrent Engineering and what are its important components?
1. a) Explain the following types of Automation:
(i) Programmable Automation (ii) Fixed Automation
b)What are the important pneumatic components used in automated system?Describe briefly.
21
2. a)With the help of neat sketches, explain the following linear transfer mechanisms:
i) Powered Roller Conveyor System
ii) Walking Beam Transfer System
b) Explain the advantages and limitations of synchronous transfer mechanisms.
3. a) Explain how the efficiency of the flow line increases by adding one or more parts storage buffers between work
stations along the line.b) Discuss the analysis of a two-stage automated flow line.
4. a) What is ranked positional weight value? Explain its importance in solving line balancing problems by using Ranked
Positional Weights Method.
b) Discuss any four methods that should be considered by the designer of a flow line for improving the efficiency of the
assembly line.
5. a) Explain the advantages of implementing various principles of material handling.
b) Describe the following conveyors used in material transport systems:
(i) In-floor tow-line conveyor (ii) Overhead trolley conveyor.
6. Define AS/RS. Describe the various basic components of AS/RS.
7. a) Explain the advantages of using adaptive control systems in turning operation.
b) Enumerate the differences between ACO and ACC types of adaptive control.
8. a) What are the advantages of various Rapid Prototyping techniques?
b) Briefly explain the software configuration of Business Process Reengineering.
1. a) Explain the following types of automation:
(i) Fixed Automation (ii) Flexible Automation.
b) Describe the function and working of the following automated machine tools:
(i) Transfer Machine (ii) Single Station Machine.
2. a) With the help of neat sketches, explain the following linear transfer mechanisms:
(i) Walking Beam Transfer System (ii) Chain Drive Conveyor System
b) Enumerate the differences between synchronous and asynchronous transfer mechanisms.
3. a) What is partial automation and what are the reasons for the existence of partially automated production lines in the
shop floors?
b) Discuss the following terms used in the automated flow lines:
(i) Starving of stations (ii) Blocking of stations.
4. a) Explain the different ways in which the work is moved on the line between operator workstations in Manual
Assembly Line.
b) What is Flexible Assembly Line? Discuss its important features.
5. What are the different types of material handling equipment associated with the different plant layouts? Discuss them
briefly.
6. a)Explain the various applications of AS/RS technology.
b)Describe the use of the following components of an AS/RS:
(i) Pickup and deposit stations (ii) Storage structure
7. a) Explain the advantages of using adaptive control systems in turning operation.
b) What is adaptive control? Under what conditions adaptive control is
recommended?
8. a) Explain the solid based Rapid Prototyping process with the help of neat sketch.
b) Explain the objectives of Concurrent Engineering
1. a) Define Fixed Automation and Flexible Automation. Enumerate the differences between them.
b) What are the important mechanical feeding devices used in automated systems? Discuss them briefly.
2. Draw the neat sketches of the following mechanisms and discuss briefly:
a) Rachet and Pawl mechanism
22
23
[6+10]
6. What are the basic components of Industrial robots? Explain the functional of the components briefly. [4+12]
7.a) What is an end effector?
b) Give the classification of grippers.
c) What is a mechanical gripper? What are the two ways of constraining the part in the mechanical gripper? [4+4+8]
8.a) Find the rotation matrix correspondent to the set of Euler angles ZXZ.
b) What do you mean by equivalent angle and axis? Explain. [8+8]
1.a) What is an end effector?
b) Give the classification of grippers.
c) What is a mechanical gripper? What are the two ways of constraining the part in the mechanical gripper? [4+4+8]
2.a) Find the rotation matrix correspondent to the set of Euler angles ZXZ.
b) What do you mean by equivalent angle and axis? Explain. [8+8]
3. Explain the method of Assignment of DH frames with the help of an example and define the link parameters. [16]
4.a) Differentiate between geometric Jacobian & analytical Jacobian.
b) Compute the Jacobian matrix for a spherical robotic manipulator. [6+10]
5. A single cubic trajectory given by q(t) = 30 + t2 6t3 is used for a period of 3 seconds. Determine starting and goal
position, velocity, and accelerations of the end-effector. [16]
6.a) Explain the working of Pneumatic actuator. Develop the relationship in case of cylinder type and rotary vane type
actuator.
b) What is the velocity of the piston and the force generated by the piston if the fluid pressure is 12 N/mm2 inside the
cylinder, the piston is 50 mm in diameter and the flow rate is 2.5 cm3/sec? [8+8]
7.a) What are the sequence of operations of robot in the manufacturing cell? Explain.
b) What are the various components of the manufacturing cell? Explain the function of the components in the cell. [6+10]
8. What are the basic components of Industrial robots? Explain the functional of the components briefly. [4+12]
1.a) What are the sequence of operations of robot in the manufacturing cell? Explain.
b) What are the various components of the manufacturing cell? Explain the function of the components in the cell. [6+10]
2. What are the basic components of Industrial robots? Explain the functional of the components briefly. [4+12]
3.a) What is an end effector?
b) Give the classification of grippers.
c) What is a mechanical gripper? What are the two ways of constraining the part in the mechanical gripper? [4+4+8]
4.a) Find the rotation matrix correspondent to the set of Euler angles ZXZ.
b) What do you mean by equivalent angle and axis? Explain. [8+8]
5. Explain the method of Assignment of DH frames with the help of an example and define the link parameters. [16]
6.a) Differentiate between geometric Jacobian & analytical Jacobian.
b) Compute the Jacobian matrix for a spherical robotic manipulator. [6+10]
7. A single cubic trajectory given by q(t) = 30 + t2 6t3 is used for a period of 3 seconds. Determine starting and goal
position, velocity, and accelerations of the end-effector. [16]
8.a) Explain the working of Pneumatic actuator. Develop the relationship in case of cylinder type and rotary vane type
actuator.
b) What is the velocity of the piston and the force generated by the piston if the fluid pressure is 12 N/mm2 inside the
cylinder, the piston is 50 mm in diameter and the flow rate is 2.5 cm3/sec? [8+8]
24
C
4
0
4
(9A03701) OPERATIONS RESEARCH
UNIT I
Development Definition Characteristics and Phases Types of models operation Research models applications.
ALLOCATION : Linear Programming Problem Formulation Graphical solution Simplex method Artificial variables techniques
-Twophase method, Big-M method Duality Principle-Economic interpretation of duality.
UNIT II
TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM Formulation Optimal solution, unbalanced transportation problem Degeneracy. Assignment
problem Formulation Optimal solution - Variants of Assignment Problem-Traveling Salesman problem.
SEQUENCING Introduction Flow Shop sequencing n jobs through two machines n jobs through three machines Job shop
sequencing two jobs through m machines.
UNIT III
REPLACEMENT : Introduction Replacement of items that deteriorate with time when money value is not considered and
considered Replacement of items that fail completely, group replacement.
UNIT IV
THEORY OF GAMES : Introduction Minimax (maximin) Criterion and optimal strategy Solution of games with saddle points
Rectangular games without saddle points 2 X 2 games dominance principle m X 2 & 2 X n games -graphical method.
UNIT V
WAITING LINES : Introduction Single Channel Poisson arrivals exponential service times with finite queue length and non
finite queue length models Multichannel Poisson arrivals exponential service times with finite queue length and queue length
and non finite queue length models.
UNIT VI
INVENTORY : Introduction Single item Deterministic models Purchase inventory models with one price break and multiple
price breaks shortages are not allowed Stochastic models demand may be discrete variable or continuous variable
Instantaneous production. Instantaneous demand and continuous demand and no set up cost.
UNIT VII
DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING : Introduction Bellmans Principle of optimality Applications of dynamic programming- capital
budgeting problem shortest path problem linear programming problem.
UNIT VIII
SIMULATION : Definition Types of simulation models phases of simulation applications of simulation Inventory and
Queuing problems Advantages and Disadvantages Simulation Languages.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Operations Research, Taha, PHI
2. Introduction to Operations Research, Hiller & Libermann, TMH.
REFERENCES:
1. Operations Research, A.M. Natarajan, P.Balasubramani, A. Tamilarasi, Pearson
Edu.
2. Operations Research: Methods & Problems, Maurice Saseini, Arhur Yaspan &
Lawrence Friedman
3. Operations Research, R.Panneerselvam, PHI Publ.
4. Operations Research, wagner, PHI Publ.
5. Operations Research, J.K. Sharma, Mac Milan.
6. Operations Research, Wayne L. Winston, Thomson Brooks, Cole
7. Operations Research, R. Veerachari and V. Ravi Kumar, I.K. International
Question Paper Pattern: 5 questions to be answered out of 8 questions
Each question should not have more than 3 bits.
25
COURSE OBJECTIVE
At end of the course , the learner will be able to-----------
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Industrial and business applications can be formulated as mathematical equations and solve these equations.
Transportation costs can be calculate with simple techniques.
Assigning the jobs to machines, operators to the machines, salesmen assigning to various regions.
Scheduling the jobs on various machines to minimize the time of completing the jobs.
Machines replacement period can be optimized.
In competitive situations better decision can be made.
Calculate optimum inventory period and costs.
Waiting time of customers or jobs can be reduced.
26
Week
2-7-12 TO
7-7-12
9-7-12 TO
14-7-12
No. of
Hours
Topic to be covered
No. of
Hours per
Week
2
3
2
3
LP formulation
Graphical solution
20
16-7-12 to
21-7-12
3
2
Simplex Method
Artificial Variables Technique (Big M Method)
23-7-12 to
28-7-12
2
3
2
30-7-12 TO
04-08-12
II
06-8-12 TO
11-8-12
13-8-12
TO
18-8-12
III
IV
21-8-12 TO
25-8-12
27-8-12 TO
01-9-12
06-09-12 to
08-09-12
10-9-12
TO
15-9-12
V
17-9-12 TO
22-9-12
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
5
2
2
3
24-9-12 to
29-9-12
VI
2
2
01-10-12 TO
06-10-12
VII
No. of
Hours per
Unit
08-10-12 TO
13-10-12
3
2
5
5
5
5
7
2
5
9
4
5
10
27
13
15-10-12 to
20-10-12
22-10-12 to
27-10-12
VIII
29-10-12 to
31-10-12
3
2
2
4
2
2
2
28
6
4
79
ABC Limited has three production shops which supply a product to five warehouses. The cost of production varies from shop
to shop and cost of transportation from one shop to a warehouse also varies. Each shop has a specific production capacity and
each warehouse has certain amount of requirement. The costs of transportation are given below.
I
I
II
III
IV
V
supply
A
6
4
4
7
5
100
B
5
3
7
4
8
125
C
3
4
6
3
4
175
Demand
60
80
85
105
70
The cost of manufacturing the product at different production shops is
Shop
Variable Fixed cost
A
14
7000
B
16
4000
C
15
5000
Find the optimum quantity to be supplied from each shop to different warehouses at minimum total cost.
4. A transport company owns three mini buses each of which was purchased for Rs 80000. The costs of running a bus together
with resale value are as follows.
Year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Running cost
3000
3600
4800
5000
8000
11200 15000 20000
Resale value
70000
61000 55000 49000
32000 20000
10000
5000
Two of these buses are two years old while the third one is one year old. The company contemplates replaces the buses
by two full sized buses, each such bus containing 50% more seating capacity than a mini bus.
Estimates of running costs and resale value of each of new buses are given below. While each such bus would cost Rs
120000.
Year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Running cost 3400
3900 4700
5800
7200
9000
12000
16000
Resale value
100000
92000 86000
81000
76000
66000 54000
40000
Should the mini buses be replaced with new full sized buses? If not why ? If yes, when?
5. (a) Briefly explain (i) pure strategy (ii) mixed strategy (iii) optimal strategy
matrix , determine the best strategies and the value of the game.
29
Player X
J
60
Q
R
70
80
Player Y
K
50
70
60
L
40
50
75
30
12. Name the methods to find initial feasible solution for transportation problems?
13. Write the dual for the following problem
Max Z = 50x1+ 60 x2 Subjected to 2 x1 + x2 30, 3x1 +4 x2 60, x1 0, x2 0,
[
]
14. In 2 jobs m machines problem, a line at 450represents
(a) Job 1 is idle (b) Job 2 is idle (c) both Jobs are idle
(d) no Job is idle
15. Group replacement is applicable for
[
]
(a) Repairable items (b) Items fail partially (c) Items that fail completely (d) Dissimilar items
16. While sequencing a job , No passing rule is allowed.
TRUE/FALSE
17. Initial basic feasible solution for a transportation problem can be found by MODI method. TRUE/FALSE
18. When money value is changing with time at 10% the discount factor for 2ndyear is _________
19. Operations research is the art of giving bad answers to problems to which otherwise worse answers are given.
TRUE/FALSE
20. The travelling salesman problem is said to be ____________, if the distance between every pair of cities is independent of
the direction of his journey.
CLASS/BRANCH: IV B.Tech/ME
DURATION:
90 min
plant 2
plant 3
cost
return
cost
return
cost
return
15
14
18
18
28
21
unit cost
Rs 25.00
31
500q21500
RS 24.80
1500q33000
Rs 24.60
3000q4
Rs 24.40
QUESTION BANK
UNIT-I
32
1.
A confectioner sells two products A and B. The selling price of A is Rs 60 and B is Rs 40. The unit cost of product A is Rs
30 and of B Rs 10. The two products are produced in a common production process. The production process has a capacity of
30000 man hours. It takes three hours to produce a unit of A and one hour to produce unit of B. The market for the product
has been surveyed and confectioner knows that the maximum number of units of A that can be sold is 8000 and B is 12000.
Formulate and solve the equation graphically to maximize contribution.
2. (a) Explain the following (i) Slack variables (ii) Surplus variables (iii) Artificial variables with respect to LPP.
(b) Solve the following LPP
Max Z = 50x1+ 60 x2
Subjected to 2 x1 + x2 30
3x1 +4 x2 60
x1 10
x1 0, x2 0,
3. a) Define operations research?
b) Enumerate the main characteristics of operations research?
c) Describe the phases of scientific method in operations research?
4. Find the dual of the following problem and hence or otherwise solve the given problem.
Min Z = 3x1+ 4 x2+ 6 x3
Subjected to x1 + 4x2+ 3x3 2
x1 -2 x2- 6 x3 3
x1+ x2+ x3 1
x1 0, x2 0,x3 0
5. a) How are the following detected in simplex method?
i) Alternate solution
ii) unbounded solution
iii) Infeasible solution
b) Use simplex method to solve the following LPP
Min Z = 5x+ 6y
Subjected to 2 x + 5y 1500
3x +y 1200
x 0,y 0,
UNIT-II
1. Solve the following transportation problem.
10
1
7
From
2.
TO
7
6
4
3
8
5
Supply
3
5
7
6
3
3
Demand
3
2
6
4
The owner of a small machine shop has four machinists available to assign to jobs for the day. Five jobs are offered with
expected profit for each machinist on each job as follows.
Jobs
M/C s
3.
M1
A
12
B
28
C
0
D
51
E
32
M2
12
34
11
23
9
M3
37
42
61
21
31
M4
0
14
37
27
30
Assign machinist to jobs which results in overall maximum profit.
A machine operator has to perform three operations, turning, threading, and knurling on different jobs. The time required to
perform these operations (in minutes) for each job is known. Determine the order in which the jobs should be processed in
order to minimize the total time required to work out all the jobs. Also find the minimum elapsed time.
Jobs
1
2
3
4
5
6
33
M/C
4.
Turning
3
12
5
2
9
11
Threading
8
6
4
6
3
1
Knurling
13
14
9
12
8
13
Four engineers are available to design four projects.Engineer2 is not competent to design the project B. Given the following
estimates needed by each engineer to design a given project, find how should the engineers be assigned to projects so as to
minimize the total design of four projects.
Projcects
A
B
C
D
1
12
10
10
8
2
14 not suitable 15
11
3
6
10
16
4
4
8
10
9
7
5. ABC Limited has three production shops which supply a product to five warehouses. The cost of production varies from
shop to shop and cost of transportation from one shop to a warehouse also varies. Each shop has a specific production
capacity and each warehouse has certain amount of requirement. The costs of transportation are given below.
I
I
II
III
IV
V
supply
A
6
4
4
7
5
100
B
5
3
7
4
8
125
C
3
4
6
3
4
175
Demand
60
80
85
105
70
The cost of manufacturing the product at different production shops is
Shop
Variable Fixed cost
A
14
7000
B
16
4000
C
15
5000
Find the optimum quantity to be supplied from each shop to different warehouses at minimum total cost.
UNIT-III
1. A transport company owns three mini buses each of which was purchased for Rs 80000. The costs of running a bus together
with resale value are as follows.
Year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Running cost
3000
3600
4800
5000
8000
11200 15000 20000
Resale value
70000
61000 55000 49000
32000 20000
10000
5000
Two of these buses are two years old while the third one is one year old. The company contemplates replaces the buses
by two full sized buses, each such bus containing 50% more seating capacity than a mini bus.
Estimates of running costs and resale value of each of new buses are given below. While each such bus would cost Rs
120000.
Year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Running cost 3400
3900 4700
5800
7200
9000
12000
16000
Resale value
100000
92000 86000
81000
76000
66000 54000
40000
Should the mini buses be replaced with new full sized buses? If not why ? If yes, when?
2. a) Write a note on replacement of capital items when money value is considered.
b) The following table gives the running costs per year and resale price of a certain equipment whose purchase price is Rs
5000.
Year
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Running cost(Rs)
1500
1600
1800
2100
2500
2900
3400
4000
Resale value (Rs)
3500
200
1700
1200
800
500
500
500
At what year is replacement due?
34
UNIT-IV
1. (a) Briefly explain (i) pure strategy (ii) mixed strategy (iii) optimal strategy
(b) For the following pay off matrix, determine the best strategies and the value of the game.
Player Y
J
K
L
P
60
50
40
Player X
Q
70
70
50
R
80
60
75
2. a) Briefly explain limitations of game theory.
b) Find the solution of the following
B
I
II
III
A
I
1
3
11
II
8
5
2
3. Solve the following game by LPP
B
1
2
3
1
0
2
2
A
2
3
-1
3
3
4
4
-2
4. a) Briefly explain the properties found in competitive games.
b) Reduce the following game by dominance and find the game value.
Player B
I
II
III
IV
I
3
2
4
0
Player A
II
3
4
2
4
III
4
2
4
0
IV
0
4
0
8
5. Player A is paid Rs 8 if two coins turn both heads and Rs 10 if two coins turn both tails. Player B is paid Rs 3 when the two
coins do not match. Given the choice of being A or B. Which one would you choose and what would be your strategy.
UNIT- V
35
1.
2.
3.
4.
A computer shop has a laser printer. The jobs for laser printing are randomly distributed approximating a Poisson
distribution with mean service rate of 10 jobs per hour, since job pages vary in length (pages to be printed). The jobs
arrive at a rate of 6 per hour during the entire 8 hours working day. If the laser printer is valued Rs 30 per hour,
determine (a) the percent time an arriving job has to wait. (b) average system time. (c) Average idle time cost of the
printer per day.
Assume in a hotel a server is to look after supply of three tables, which would accommodate in total 6 customers.
Assume customers who arrive when all the six seats of the three tables are full. Customers arrive at the average rate of
4 per hour and spend an average of 15 minutes in the hotel. Find (a) the probability a customer can directly sit in a seat
up on his arrival. (b) Expected number of customers waiting for a seat. (c) The time a customer can expect to spend in
the hotel.
In a bank 4 cash counters are operated for drawing money. On average 40 persons arrive in a 4hour day. Each cashier
is to spend 10 minutes on the average on an arrival. If the arrivals are Poisson ally distributed and service times are
according to exponential distribution. Determine (a) average number of customers in the system. (b) average number
of customers waiting in the system. (c) average time a customer spends in the system. (d) the probability that a
customer has to wait before he gets service.
Customers arrive at one teller counter in a bank according to a Poisson distribution with mean 12 per hour. Service
time per customer is exponential with mean 6 minutes. The space in front of the counter can accommodate a maximum
of 10 customers. Other customers can wait out side the space. (a) What is the probability that an arriving customer can
come directly to the counter. (b) What is the probability that an arriving customer will have to wait outside the indicate
space. (c) How long an arriving customer is expected to wait before starting service.
UNIT-VI
1.
(a)Write advantages and disadvantages of inventory.
(b) Certain item costs Rs 235 per ton , the monthly requirement is 5 tons and each time the stock is replenished. There is a
setup cost of Rs 1000. The cost of carrying inventory has been estimated at 10 % of value of stock per year. What is the
optimum order quantity.
2.
Find the optimal order quantity for a product when the annual demand for the products is 500 units. The cost of storage
per unit per year is 10% of the unit cost, and ordering cost per order is Rs 180. The unit costs are given below.
Quantity
unit cost
0 q1 500
Rs 25.00
500 q2 1500
Rs 24.80
1500 q3 3000
Rs 24.60
3000 q4
Rs 24.40
3.
(a) Derive an expression for basic EOQ model.
(b) Contract has to supply 10000 bearings per day with an automobile manufacturer and he finds that when he starts a
production run he can produce 20000 bearings per day. A cost of holding a bearing in stock per one year is 30 paise and setup
cost of production run is Rs 280 . How frequently should production run be made.
4. A shop keeper has to decide how much quantity of bread he should stock every week. The quantity of bread demand is
assumed to be continuous random variable with a given probability function f(x) . Let A is Rs 8be ultimate cost of purchasing the
bread B is Rs 20. Unit sale price . C is Rs 2 refund on unit sale bread and D is Rs 5 is the unit penalty cost. Find the optimum
quantity of bread to be stock.
UNIT-VII
1.
Solve the following linear programming problem by using dynamic programming technique.
Maximize Z =Z1 Z 2Z3 Z4
Subjected to constraints Z1+ Z 2 +Z3 +Z4 = 20
2.
Solve the following LPP by using dynamic programming
Maximize Z= 3x1 +8x2
Subjected to x1 +4 x2 8
X2 2
X1, x2 0
3.
A man is engaged in buying and selling identical item. He operates from a ware house that can hold 500 items. Each
month he can sell any quantity that he chooses up to the stock at the beginning of the month. Each month he can buy as much
36
as he wishes for delivery at the end of the month. So long as his stock does not exceed 500 items. For the next four months he
has the following error free forecasts of the cost sale prices.
4.
Month
I
1
2
3
4
Cost
Ci
27
24
26
28
Sale price
Pi
28
25
25
27
If he currently has a stock of 200 units, what quantity should he sell and buy next four months. Find the solution using
dynamic programming.
An organization is planning to diversity its business with a maximum utility of Rs 5 crores. It has identified three different
locations to install plants. The organization can invest one or more of these plants subjected to the availability of the fund.
The different possible alternatives and their investment (in crores of rupees) and present worth of returns during the useful
life (in crores of rupees) of each these plants are summarized in table. The first row of table has zero cost and zero return for
all the plants. It is known as do nothing alternative. Find the optimal allocation of the capital to different plants which will
maximize the corresponding sum of the present worth of returns.
Plant 1
plant 2
plant 3
Alternative
cost
return cost
return cost
return
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
15
2
14
1
3
3
2
18
3
18
2
7
4
4
28
4
21
UNIT-VIII
1. (a) Write the advantages and disadvantages of simulation?
(b) Define simulation?
2. (a) Briefly explain about different simulation languages?
(b) At Dr. Rajus clinic patients arrive with an average duration of 12 minutes between one
arrival and next. The average service time is assumed to be 28 min. Simulation the system till 11 am, assuming to be
starting from 9 am immediately after the clinic is opened. Also calculate the average waiting time per patient.
3. A company uses a certain raw material. The consumption pattern is probabilistic as given below and is taken two months
to replenish stocks.
Demand in tons
1
2
3
4
Probability
0.15
0.3
0.45
0.1
The cost of placing an order is Rs 1000 and cost of carrying stock is Rs 50 per month per ton. The average carrying costs
are calculated on the stocks held at end of each month.
The company has two alternatives for the purchase of raw materials as under
Alternative-I : order for 5 tons when the closing inventory of the month plus outstanding order is less than 8 tons.
Alternative-II: order for 8 tons when the closing inventory of the month plus outstanding order is less than 8 tons.
Currently on first April 2013 , the company has a stock of 8 tons of raw material plus 6 tons of ordered two months ago.
The ordered quantity is expected to be received next month. Using the random numbers given below to simulate 12
months consumption till 31/3/2014 and advise the company as to which purchase alternative should be accepted such
that the inventory costs are minimum.
Random numbers are 80,44,67,68,58,74,37,15,12,64,49,24.
QUIZ I to IV units
1.
Define operations research?
2.
Name the phases in operations research?
3.
Name the three phases in scientific method of operations research?
4.
The variable is added to less than are equal to constraint to convert in to equation is called_____________ variable.
5.
The variable is added to equality constraint to avoid mathematical inconvenience is called ___________ variable.
6.
In the optimal table artificial variable is present is present in the basis column then the problem has_______ solution.
a) Unique
b) Unbounded c) infeasible
d) multiple
7.
In the key column all the elements are negative or zero then the problem has_______ solution.
b) Unique
b) Unbounded c) infeasible
d) multiple
37
8.
For any LPP with the same characteristics mirror image problem writing ,then the mirror image problem is called
______problem and original problem is called ________ problem.
9.
Write the dual for the following problem.
Maximize Z= 5x1 +6x2
Subjected to 3x1 +8 x2 8
5x1 +9x2 4
x1, x2 0
10. In the minimization case LPP, the problem will be optimum, if Cj-Zj values of all columns is negative or zero.
TRUE/FALSE.
11. Name the methods to find initial feasible solution for transportation problem?
12. Assignment models are solved by _____________ method.
a) Jhonsons
b) MODI
c) Hungarian
d) Least cost
13. Sequencing models are solved by _____________ method.
a) Jhonsons
b) MODI
c) Hungarian
d) stepping stone
14. What is meant by degeneracy in transportation problem?
15. How you can convert maximization assignment model in to minimization problem?
16. In transportation problem all cell evaluation values are negative or zero, then it will be optimum. TRUE/FALSE.
17. Write the conditions to solve n jobs 3 m/cs problem by Jhonsons method, if the jobs has to be processed in the order
ABC?
18. Find the sequence for the following problem.
Job
1
2
3
4
Time on m/c A 7
3
8
6
Time on m/c B 4
9
3
2
19. What is meant by penalty in best starting solution method for transportation problems?
20. Write the assignment for the following
Jobs
1
2
3
1
4
0
1
m/c 2
3
0
2
3
4
1
3
21. Define present worth factor?
22. Find the average life of the bulb from the following table.
Week
1
2
3
4
Probability of failure in that week
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.1
23. If the total number of bulbs in above problem is 1000, then the how many bulbs failed on an average in every week?
24. If the average group replacement cost is greater than average individual replacement cost, then group replacement policy
adopted is better. TRUE/FALSE
25. Motor cycles are the examples for the items that deteriorate with time. TRUE/FALSE
26. Write the classification of replacement problems?
27. The depreciation cost_____________ ( increases/decreases) with the age of equipment.
28. Write the discount factor formula for n years, if money value is 10%?
29. When money value considered the average cost = total cost / number of years. TRUE/FALSE
30. If the probability of failure of a resistor in the first month is 0.2 and total number of resistors in the system 100, then the
number of resistors failed in first month is ______
a) 100
b) 200
c) 50
d) none
31. What is meant by rectangular game?
32. Define saddle point?
33. What is meant by optimal strategy?
34. State the principle of dominance?
35. Write the algebraic formula to find the value of the game.
B
1
2
38
1
V11
V12
V22
A
2
V21
36. If the game is reduced to 2 X n by dominance principle, then the problem is solved by _________ method.
37. If the game is reduced to 3 X 3 by dominance principle, then the problem is solved by _________ method.
38. Find the saddle point for the following problem.
B
I
II
III
I
5
7
3
A
II
8
9
1
III
6
4
2
39. Name the characteristics of rectangular game?
40. What is meant by fair game?
QUIZ V to VIII units
1.
Write the Kendals notation for first come first serve, poisson arrival, exponential distribution, multi channel with infinite
population queuing problem?
2.
In model (M/M/1) (FCFS//), is mean arrival rate and is mean service rate. What is the average waiting time in
system
a) /(-)
b) 2/(-)
c) 1/(-)
d) none
3.
In model (M/M/1) (FCFS//), is mean arrival rate and is mean service rate. The average length of queue
c) /(-)
d) none
b) /(-)
b) 2/(-)
4.
In model (M/M/1) (FCFS//), is mean arrival rate and is mean service rate. The probability for the system is idle
c) /
b)1- / c) 1-/ d) none
5.
In model (M/M/C) (FCFS//), is mean arrival rate and is mean service rate. The probability for the system is idle
(all the servers are idle)____________
6.
Write the formula for effective arrival rate for the model (M/M/1) (FCFS//), is mean arrival rate and is mean
service rate?
7.
Dynamic programming is also called ____________ optimization.
8.
Dynamic programming technique is developed by
a) Jhonsons b) Richard Bellman
c) Hungarian
d) none
9.
State Bellmans principle of optimality?
10.
Name the assumptions for purchase model with out shortage?
11.
Name the assumptions for production model with shortage?
12.
The cost involved in inventory are
a) Carrying cost b) ordering cost
c) shortage cost
d) all of the above
13.
If ordering quantity increases, ordering cost value decreases. TRUE/FALSE.
14.
Write the formula to find critical ratio for probabilistic inventory model?
15.
If R= demand rate C3 = ordering cost and C1=carrying cost then EOQ for basic EOQ model is
b) 2RC3 / C1
c) 2RC3 C1
d) none
a) 2RC3 / C1
16.
If R= demand rate C3 = ordering cost and C1=carrying cost then minimum inventory cost for basic EOQ model is
b)
17.
a)
18.
a)
19.
a)
20.
a)
21.
a)
2RC3 / C1
b) 2RC1 / C3
c) 2RC3 C1
d) none
Simulation is ______________ of real life problem.
Imitation
b) opposite
c) computer software
d) computer hardware
Simulation is widely used to solve
Queuing problem
b) inventory problem
c) Real life complex
d) all of the above
Which of the following is necessary for simulation
Imaginary numbers
b) complex numbers
c) random numbers
d)none
Which of the following is not a simulation software
GPSS
b) GPRS
c) SIMULA
d)SIMSCRIPT
Simulation is not a must in one of the following cases. Identify
Designing a wind tunnel of aircraft
b) training military personal on war activities
c) training fire servicemen for fire fighting, if it occurs
d) Transportation of goods
39
22. FORTRAN was the intermediate language in the initial day for
a) GPSS
b) GPRS
c) SIMULA
d)SIMSCRIPT
23. SIMULA resembles with 2
a)COBOL
b) BASIC
c) ALGOR
d)FORTRAN
24. Which of the following is wrong relation in the simple queue model
a) L q = Wq
b) Ws =Wq + c) = p
d) Ls= Lq +p
25. In model (M/M/C) (FCFS//), is mean arrival rate and is mean service rate. The traffic intensity is _______________.
26. Aero plane landing on a runway at an aerodrome follows ___________ queue discipline.
27. A T.V repair person spends about 30 min on each job exponentially distributed and is busy for 5 hours in 8hour day. The
mean arrival rate is
a) 10 per 8 hour day b) 5/2 per hour c) 10 per hour
d) 6 per hour
28. If annual demand is square of optimal order quantity then
a) C0 = Cc2 b) C0 = 2Cc
c) C02 = Cc
d) 2C0 = Cc
29. The stock maintained to withstand unknown demand changes is known as
a) de-coupling inventoryb) pipe line inventory
c) Fluctuatory inventory d) anticipatory inventory
30. Total cycle time in case of model with shortage is
a) 2RC3 /C1)(C1 +C2)/C2
b) (2RC3 /C1) C2 /( C1 +C2)
c) (2C3 /RC1) C2 /( C1 +C2) d) none
31. In F-S-N analysis of inventory control S represent as_____________.
32. The operating doctrine of inventory models is to find ____________and __________ to order.
33. An Erlangian service distribution for poisson arrival of single service in a limited size queue selected at random is represented
in Kendal-Lee notation as ________.
34. Given traffic intensity = 0.75, the server will be idle for ____________ hours in a 8 hour day.
35. Define rate of service?
36. The characteristics of queue model are independent of ____________.
37. Given traffic intensity = 0.5, the server will be idle for ____________ hours in a 8 hour day.
38. The number generated by mid square method are called _______________numbers.
39. The code name Monte- Carlo Simulation is given by ___________________________.
40. Face validity is concerned with_________________.
Code :R7410301
IV B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov/Dec 2010
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Dene and explain the following terms used in linear programming
i. Objective function iii. Constraints
ii. Feasible solutions iv. Optimal solutions
(b) Solve the following LPP and its dual by simplex method
MaxZ = 5x1 + 12x2 + 4x3
Subject to x1 + 2x2 + x3 5
2x1 x2 + 3x3 = 2
40
x 1; x 2; x 3 0
Verify that the solutions of primal can be read from the optimal table of the dual and vice versa.
2. (a) Explain the Hungarian method to solve an assignment problem
(b) A company has six jobs which go through three machines x,y and 2 in the order xyz. The processing time in minutes for each
job on each machine is as follows.
Jobs Machine
123456
x 18 12 29 36 43 37
y 7 12 11 2 6 12
z 19 12 23 47 28 36
What should be the sequence of the jobs that will minimize total elapsed time and ideal time for each machine
3. A manufacturer is oered two machines A and B. Machine A is priced at Rs 10,000 and running costs are estimated as Rs 1600 for
each of the rst ve years, increasing by Rs. 400 per year with sixth and subsequent years. Machine B which has the same capacity as
A, costs Rs 5000 but will have a running costs of Rs 2400 per year for six years, increasing by Rs 400 per year thereafter. If money is
worth 10% per year, which machine should be purchased?
Assume that the machine will eventually be sold for scrap at a negligible price.
4. (a) Explain the graphical method of solving 2xn and mxz games.
(b) Solve the following game after reducing it to a 2x2 game.
Player B
Player A
B1 B2 B3
A1 1 7 2
A2 6 2 7
A3 5 1 6
5. (a) What do you understand by
i. Queue discipline
ii. Arrival pattern
iii. Service pattern
(b) In a railway marshally yard, goods trains arrive at a rate of 30 trains per day. Assuming that the inter arrival time follows an
exponential distribution and service time distribution is also exponential with an average of 36 minutes. Calculate.
i. Expected queue size
ii. Probability that the queue exceeds 10.
If the input of trains increases to an average of 33 per day, what will be the change in (i) and (ii).
6. (a) Clearly explain with suitable examples the different costs that will involved in the inventory problems.
(b) A contractor has to supply 10,000 bearings per day to an automaker manufacturer. He nds that when he
starts production run, he can produce 25,000 bearings per day. The cost of holding a bearing in stock for
a year is Rs 2 and the set up cost of a production run is Rs 180. How frequently should production can be
made?
7. Use dynamic programming to solve the following linear programming problem
Maximize z = 3x1 + 5x2
subject to
x1 4
x2 6
3x1 + 2x2 18
x 1; x 2 0
8. (a) What are random numbers? What are random number useful in simulations models?
(b) What is Monte Carlo simulation? Describe the idea of experimentation in simulation.
Code :R7410301
IV B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov/Dec 2010
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
(b) Solve the following problem by using two - phase simplex method.
Min: Z = x1 2x2 3x3
Subject to
2x1 + 3x2 + 3x3 = 2
2x1 + 3x2 + 4x3 = 1
x1; x2; x3 > 0
2. (a) Explain briey about unbalanced transportation problem and degenerate case in transportation
problem.
(b) A salesman estimates that the following would be the cost on his route, visiting the six cities as
shown in the table below.
To city From city
123456
1 x 20 23 27 29 34
2 21 x 19 26 31 24
3 26 28 x 15 36 26
4 25 16 25 x 23 18
5 23 40 23 31 x 10
6 27 18 12 35 16 x
The salesman can visit each of the cities once. Determine the optimum sequence he should follow
to minimize the total distance travelled. What is the total distance travelled?
3. (a) Explain how the theory of replacement is used in the following problems.
i. Replacement of items whose maintenance cost varies with time.
ii. Replacement of item that fail completely.
(b) The cost of new machine is Rs 4000, The maintains cast of nth year is given by Rn = 500(n-1),
n=1,2,.. Suppose that the discount rate per year is 0.05. After how many years, will it be economical to replace
the machine by a new one.
4. (a) Explain the following:
i. Principles of dominance
ii. Pure strategy in game theory.
(b) A company is currently involved in negotiations with its union on the upcoming wage contract, positive
signs in the table represent wage increase while negative sign represents wage reduction.What are the optimal
strategies for the company as well as the union? What is the game value?Conditions costs to the company (Rs in
Lakhs)Union Strategies Company Strategies
U1 U2 U3 U4
C1 0.25 0.27 0.35 -0.02
C2 0.20 0.06 0.08 0.08
C3 0.14 0.12 0.05 0.03
C4 0.30 0.14 0.19 0.00
5. (a) State and explain the basic elements of queues.
(b) A post oce has 3 windows providing the same service. It receives an average 300 customers per hour.
Arrivals are poisson distribution and service time is exponential distribution. Each windowserves on an average
12 customers per hour
i. What is the probability that a customer will be served immediately?
ii. What is the probability that a customer will have to wait?
iii. What are the average number of customers in the systems?
iv. What is the average total time a customer must spend in the post office?
Page 1 of 2
6. (a) What is economic order quantity? Derive the formula for determining EOQ for inventory model
with uniform demand.
42
(b) The demand of an item is uniform at a rate of 20 units per month. The xed cost is Rs 10 each time a
production run is made. The product cost is Rs 1 per item, and the inventory carrying cost is Rs 0.25 per item
per month. If the shortages cost is Rs 1.2 per item per month; determine how often to make a production run
and on what size it should be?
7. Use dynamic programming to solve the problem Minmize Z = x2
1+x2
2+x2
3 Subject to
x1:x2:x3= 6
x1 ; x2 ; x 3 0
8. (a) Explain what factors must be considered when designing a simulation experiment.
(b) Explain how simulation can be applied in the case of inventory control, where the demand is
probabilistic and lead time is random.
43
Code :R7410301
IV B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov/Dec 2010
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Give a general mathematical formulation of L.P problem.
(b) Solve the following L.P Problems using Chan's Big- M method
Max:Z = 2x1+x2+3x3
Subject to x1+x2+2x3 5
2x1+3x2+4x3= 12
x1; x2; x3 0
2. (a) Explain with an example the North - West corner rule, the Least cost method and the Vogel's approximation
method for obtaining an initial basic feasible solution of the transportation problem.
(b) Find the sequence that minimize the total time required in performing the following jobs on three machines in the order ABC,
Processing (in hours) are given in the following table.
Jobs 1 2 3 4 5
A 8 10 6 7 11
B56234
C49865
3. (a) Describe the dierent factors which are responsible to replace the equipment although it may be running.
(b) The following mortality rates have been observed for a certain types of light bulbs.
Month 1 2 3 4 5
Percentage failing by month end
10 25 50 80 100
There are 1000 bulbs in use and it costs Rs 10 to replace an individual bulb which has been burnt out if all bulbs were replaced
simultaneously, It would cost Rs. 2.5 per bulb. It is proposed to replace all the bulbs at xed intervals and individually those which
fails between the intervals . What would be the best policy to adopt?
4. (a) Explain the two person zero - sum game, give suitable example.
(b) Use the graphical method for solving the following game and nd the value of the game.
Player B
Player A
B1 B2 B3 B4
A1 2 2 3 -2
A2 4 3 2 6
5. (a) What is queuing problems? Explain steady state and transient state queuing systems.
(b) A self service employs one casher at its counter. 9 customers arrive on an average every 5 minutes, while the
cashier can serve 10 customers in 5 minutes. Assume Poisson distribution for arrival rate and exponential distribution for service rate,
and.
i. Average number of customers in the system.
ii. Average number of customers in queue or average queue length.
iii. Average time a customer spends in the system.
iv. Average time a customer waits before being served.
6. (a) What are inventory models? Enumerate various types of convening models and describe then briey.
(b) An item is to be supplied at a constant rate of 300 units per day. Supplier of any amount can be obtained at
any required time but each ordering cost Rs 60; Cost of holding the items in inventory is Rs 2.00 per unit per
day while the delay in the supply of the item causes a penality of Rs 18 per unit per day.
i. Find the optimal policy (Q,t) , where t is the reorder cycle period and Q is the order quantity.
ii. What would be the best policy, if the penalty cost becomes innite?
7. (a) State the bell man's \Principle of optimality" and explain by an illustration example how it can be used to
solve a multistage decision problem.
(b) What is the dynamic recursive relation? Describe general process of forward and backward computation in
dynamic programming.
8. (a) Dend simulation. Why is simulations used?
(b) Why would an analyst even prefer a general purpose Language such as FORTRAN (or) BASIC in a simulation
when there are advantages of using special purpose languages such as GPSS or SIMSCRIPT?
44
Code :R7410301
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Give three defnitions of operations research. Explain briefy the applications of operations research.
(b) A company is manufacturing two different types of products A and B. Each product has to be processed on two machines M1 and
M2. Product A requires 2 hours on machine M1 and 1 Hour on machine M2. Product B requires 1 hour on Machine M1 and 2 hours on
machine M2. The available capacity of machine M1 is 104 hours and that of machine M2 is 76 hours. Profit per unit for the product A
is Rs 6 and that for B is Rs 11.
i. Formulate the problem.
ii. Find out the optimal solution by Simplex method.
2. (a) Give the mathematical formulation of Assignment Problem
(b) A Steel company has three open hearth furnaces and ve rolling mills. Transportation cost ( rupees per quintal), for shipping steel
from furnaces to rolling mills are shown in the following table.
Mills Furnaces
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 Capability (in quintals)
F1 4 2 3 2 6 8
F2 5 4 5 2 1 12
F3 6 5 4 7 3 14
Requirements(in quintals)
44688
What is the optimal shipping schedule?
3. (a) Explain the following in detail:
i. Individual replacement
ii. Group replacement.
(b) A rm pass Rs 10,000 for its equipments. Their operation and maintenance costs are about Rs 2500 per year
for the first two years and then go up by approximately Rs 1500 per year. When such equipment be replaced?
The discount rate is 10% per year.
4. (a) Explain Minimax and Maxmin principle used in the theory of games.
(b) Solve the game whose pay o matrix is given below:
Player B Player A
B1 B2 B3 B4
A1 3 2 4 10
A2 3 4 2 4
A3 4 2 4 0
A4 0 4 0 8
5. (a) What do you understand by a queue? Give some important applications of queuing theory.
(b) Customers arrive at one person barber shop according to a Poisson process with a mean inter arrival time of 20 minutes. Customers
spend on an average of 15 minutes in the barber's chair.
i. What is the probability that a new arrival need not wait for the barber to be free?
ii. What is the expected number of customers in the barber shop?
iii. How much time can a customer expect to wait for his turn?
iv. How much time can customers expect to spend in the shop?
6. (a) Describe the EOQ problem with one price break.
(b) A manufacturing company purchases 1000 parts for its annual requirement, ordering one month usage at a time. Each part costs Rs
20. The ordering cost per order is Rs 15 and the carrying charges are 15% of the average inventory per year. You have been assigned
to suggest a more economical purchasing policy for company. What advice would you oer and how much would it save the
company per year?
7. Determine the values of x1; x2 and x3 so as to
Maximize Z = x1x2x3
Subject to the constraints
x1+x2+x3 = 10
x1; x2; x3 0
8. (a) What are the advantages and limitations of simulation model?
(b) Describe the kind of problems for which Monte Carlo will be an appropriate method of solution.
45
Course File
Entrepreneurship
IVYear B.Tech (ME) I Semester
Contents
46
1.
Syllabus
2.
Objective
3.
Lesson Plan
4.
5.
Question Bank
6.
Syllabus
47
T
4
(9A03705) ENTREPRENEURSHIP
(Elective-I)
UNIT 1: Introduction to Entrepreneurship Definition of Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurial Traits, Entrepreneur vs. Manager, Entrepreneur vsIntrapreneur.
The Entrepreneurial decision process.Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development, Ethics and Social responsibility of
Entrepreneurs.Opportunities for Entrepreneurs in India and abroad.Woman as Entrepreneur.
UNIT II : Creating and Starting the Venture, Sources of new Ideas, Methods of generating ideas, creating problem solving, product planning and
development process.
UNIT III: The Business Plan Nature and scope of Business plan, Writing Business Plan, Evaluating Business plans, Using and implementing
business plans. Marketing plan, financial plan and the organizational plan, Launching formalities.
UNIT IV: Financing and Managing the new venture, Sources of capital, venture capital , angel investment, Record keeping, recruitment, motivating
and leading teams, financial controls. Marketing and sales controls.E-commerce and Entrepreneurship, Internet advertising.
UNIT V: New venture Expansion Strategies and Issues, Features and evaluation of joint ventures, acquisitions, merges, franchising. Public issues,
rights issues, bonus issues and stock splits.
UNIT VI: Choosing location and layout, Issues related to Selection of layout.
UNIT VII : Production and Marketing Management Thrust of production management, Selection of production Techniques, plant utilization and
maintenance, Designing the work place, Inventory control, material handling and quality control.Marketing functions, market segmentation, market
research and channels of distribution, Sales promotion and product pricing.
UNIT VIII: Global aspects of Enterprenership.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Entrepreneurship, RobertHisrich, & Michael Peters, 5/e TMH.
2. Entrepreneurship, Dollinger, Pearson, 4/e, 2004.
REFERENCES:
1. Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Management, Vasant Desai, Himalaya Publ. House, 2004.
2. Harvard Business Review on Entrepreneurship. HBR Paper Back, 1999.
3. Entrepreneurial Management, Robert J.Calvin, TMH, 2004.
4. The Entrepreneurial Connection, GurmeetNaroola, TMH, 2001.
5. Indian Economy, Dutt&Sundaram S. Chand, 2005.
6. Essential of Entrepreneurship and small business management, Thomas W. Zimmerer& Norman M. Scarborough, 4/e PHI, 2005.
7. Industrial Relations & Labour Laws, Srivastava, Vikas, 2005.
8. Industrial Law, ND Kapoor, Sultan Chand & Sons, 2005
Question Paper Pattern :5 questions to be answered out of 8 questions. Each question should not have more than 3 bits.
Objective
The course ENTRPRENEURSHIP is designed with the following objectives:
48
1. The student shall gain the understanding and appreciation of the importance
of entrepreneurship particularly in a developing country like India.
2. The student shall gain the insight on what makes one an entrepreneur?
taking examples of great entrepreneurs of India and abroad. He will study
the peculiar prospects of women entrepreneurs in India.
3. The steps involved in establishing a new enterprise will be studied starting
from getting ideas to preparing and implementing project plans.
4. The requirement, sourcing and planning of finances required for the
enterprise shall be studied in detail.
5. The student shall gain understanding on how to select a site for the plant and
layout facilities for the new enterprise.
6. Various ways of expansion of the organisation and product diversification
shall be taught.
7. The student shall be imparted knowledge of planning and organising human
resources and techniques of product promotion and marketing.
8. The student will gain appreciation of overall global scenario of
entrepreneurship and an understanding of the issues involved in global
trading.
49
WEEK
No.of
periods
per
week
1. 02.07.12 TO 07.07.12
S.NO
2. 09.07.12 TO 14.07.12
UNIT
3. 16.07.12 TO 21.07.12
4. 23.07.12 TO 28.07.12
II
5. 30.07.12 TO 04.08.12
5
III
6. 06.08.12 TO 11.08.12
7. 12.08.12 TO 18.08.12
No. of
Classes
TOPIC
No.of
periods
per unit
1
2
4
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
10
10
8. 21.08.12 TO 25.08.12
2
2
2
2
9. 27.08.12 TO 01.09.12
10.09.12 TO 15.09.12
5
4
11
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
Choosing a location
Selection and preparation of layout
VII
2
2
2
2
1
VIII
3
4
IV
11.
14.
01.10.12 TO 06.10.12
VI
50
Question Papers
Mid-semester examinations
51
Max. Marks : 20
Time : 20 min
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
52
Max. Marks : 20
Time : 90 min
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
53
Max. Marks : 20
Time : 20 min
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Answer all questions
1. Absorbing a company so that its identity is lost is called
2. Inventory turnover ratio is
3. ECGC means .
4. Time difference between completion date and path length in CPM is called ..
5. Planning and monitoring of movement of men and materials is called ..
6. Godrej, who were making safes, started making refrigerators. This is an example of
7. Cost of inventory is .. + ..
8. In cost plus method of pricing, Selling price = ... + ..
9. The total marketing strategy planned for a product including its pricing, sales promotion and
distribution is called
10. A TV manufacturer started making picture tubes instead of buying them from outside. This is an
example of
11. EOQ means
12. Material handling is not efficient in .. layout
13. Work in progress is minimum in . Layout
14. If production involves a few standard products .. layout is useful
15. When the products can vary widely in design layout is preferable
16. Terms and conditions for international exports and imports are specified in GATT.
GATT means
54
55
Max. Marks : 20
Time : 90 min
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
56
Question Bank
57
Tata Iron & Steel company was established by -------------------------------Tata Iron & Steel was established in the year -------------------Name two pioneering entrepreneurs of India -------------------------------------------Name two famous women entrepreneurs in India ---------------------------------------Indias economic liberalisation was pronounced in the year -------------------Names of two Financial Institutions helping Indian entrepreneurs ----------------------------------The biggest exhibition ground in India ----------------------------------Name two important trade fairs of India ----------------------------------Name two oldest large scale industries in India --------------------------------------------Apex body for planning economic activity of India --------------------------------------Venture capital fund was launched in India in the year -------------------------------PERT means -----------------------------------------------CPM means --------------------------------------------------IRR means -----------------------------------------The approach of PERT is --------------------- (event oriented / activity oriented)
The approach of CPM is --------------------- (event oriented / activity oriented)
Cost of investment / cash flow per year is called ------------------------- ( ROI / pay-back period)
Discounted cash flow is used in evaluating ------------------------ (IRR, pay-back period)
----------------------------- ratio indicates the capital structure of a company.
Two types of plant -layout followed for a manufacturing organisation are --------------------------------Export and import financing activities are supported by ----------------------- bank.
----------------------- is meant for training small scale entrepreneurs.
------------------------ is the bank helping small scale industries.
------------------------ develops and allots industrial plots for small industries.
---------------------------- is the organisation helping to cover the risk while exporting from India.
FICCIs wing to help women entrepreneurs is --------------------------------------DPR means -----------------------------------------The phased changes in a product during its life span are depicted as-------------------------------Fund required for meeting the short term expenses of the company is called -------------------------------------------- are structured term loans raised from public by a company.
Industries supplying specified products to larger corporations on time-based agreements are called -----------------------------SEZ means --------------------------------------------------Name two laws regulating Indian industry -----------------------------------------------------The shares in a company funded by the promoters and the public is called ------------------The money paid to share-holders out of the profits generated by a company is called --------Dividends distributed to share-holders are proportional to ---------------------------------------------------------------- is a plan document showing sources of generating funds and allocating them against
expenditure under different heads.
The document issued to the public giving details of the company while inviting to invest in equity shares is called
----------------------------------------
58
39.
40.
41.
42.
Hints:
5. 1992
6. IFC, IDBI
7. PragatiMaidan / New Delhi;
8.IMTEX, AUTOEXPO
9. Textiles, Iron & steel
10. Planning Commission
11. 1988
15.Event
16.Activity 17. Pay-back period 18. IRR
19.Debt/equity
21.EXIM Bank
22.SISI
23. SIDBI
24. SIDCO
25. ECGC
26.FICCIs Ladies Organisation (FLO)
27. Detailed project report 28.
Product life cycle
29. Working capital 30.Debentures
31.Ancillary industries.
33. Factories
Act, 1948 and Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 34. Equity
35. dividend 36. Face value of shares held by the share-holder 37. Budget
38. Prospectus.
39. IBR (Indian Boilers Regulation) 40. Indian Factories Act, 1948
41. 1:1.5
42. 40%
59
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Question Bank
Unit -1:
1. Define an entrepreneur. What are the distinguishing characteristics of a successful entrepreneur?
2. Write an essay on the origin and growth of entrepreneurship.
3. Dierentiate between an entrepreneur, intrapreneur and a manager. What are the factors that
motivate or force a person to become an entrepreneur?
4. Discuss the entrepreneural decision making process for starting a new venture.
5. What is the role of an entrepreneur in a developing economy like India?
6. Can a woman be a successful entrepreneur? Explain giving examples.
Unit -2:
1. Describe the creative process that goes into starting a new business.
2. Explain different sources of ideas to start an enterprise.
3. What is the role of government in initiating an entrepreneur to start a new business?
4. How can trade-fairs and exhibitions help an entrepreneur?
5. How does an entrepreneur choose the suitable product while starting a new venture?
6. What are the steps involved in formulation of a new project?
Unit -3:
1. Explain the nature and scope of a business plan for a new venture.
2. What do you mean by a feasibility study? Why is it necessary?
3. What are the methods of appraisal/evaluation of a business plan?
4. Describe various components of a business plan. Who should make the project report?
5. What is the role of network analysis in formulating a new project?
6. What are various techniques used for evaluating the financial viability of a project?
Unit -4:
1. What are the sources of financing a new venture?
2. What is meant by capital structure? What are the factors on which it should be based?
3. Write notes on i) shares ii)debentures iii) loans
4. What is venture capital? Describe its origin and growth in India.
5. Write notes on i) Angel investment ii) export financing
6. Describe the process of planning, selecting and preparing the manpower required for a new venture.
60
3. A TV manufacturer started making picture tubes instead of buying them from outside. This is an
example of
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
61
62
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Assignment Questions: Units 5 to 8
1. Discuss the role of Ecommerce and internet advertising in a start up venture.
2. What is growth strategy? Discuss various growth strategies for business and their implications.
3. What is meant by shares and stocks in a company? Discuss the process of issuing shares when a
company goes public.
4. Discuss the relative merits and demerits between the following when a company decides to expand:
I)
Joint venture
ii) merger
iii) acquisition
iv) franchising
5. On what basis will you choose the location of the plant for a manufacturing company?
6. Describe different types of layouts for a manufacturing plant. How would you decide which layout suits
best for your product?
7. What are the factors you should keep in mind while designing a factory building?
8. What is meant by inventory? Discuss the importance of inventory control and the ways to control
inventory.
9. Discuss the production planning process in a manufacturing plant.
10. designing a quality system for a factory? What is the meaning of Total Quality Management? What
are the factors to be considered while
11. Discuss various methods for deciding the price of a new product.
12. What is market segmentation? Discuss the different sales promotion strategies followed in business.
13. Describe the different components of a marketing plan? How is marketing plan related to production
plan?
14. What are intellectual property rights? How are they important in global business?
15. Discuss various challenges being faced by business enterprises globally after economic liberalization.
16. What are the issues involved if a company goes for exporting and importing from abroad? How do
government agencies help them to resolve these issues?
63
64
Code:9A03705
B.TECH IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November
2012
ENTREPRENEURSHI
Time:3hours
Max.Marks:70
Answer any FIVE
questions
All questions carry equal
marks
(a) Why positive profits can still result in a negative cash flow?
(b) Explain the application and calculation of the break even point for the new
venture.
(a) Explain the types of financing available.
(b) What is the role of private placement as a source of funds? Explain.
4
5
What are the primary challenges for managing business growth? Explain.
65
DefinethetermLocation.Discussthefactorswhichdeterminethelocationofa plant.
Describetheroleofmarketingresearchindeterminingmarketingstrategyforthe marketing
plan.
Briefly discuss the risk reduction strategies for new entry exploitation.
(b)FSN analysis
(d) Inventory turnover ratio
66
Explain the scope and value of the business plan to investors, lenders, employees,
suppliers and customers.
67
TEXT BOOK:
1.
A Text Book of Power Plant Engineering , Rajput , Laxmi Publications
2.
Power Plant Engineering, P.C.Sharma , S.K.Kataria Pub
REFERENCES:
68
69
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Explain pumped storage power plant with neat sketch and also write its advantages.
What is the purpose of surge tank and explain different types of surge tanks.
Explain MHD Generation system with neat sketch.
Explain elements of nuclear reactor with neat sketch.
a) Write advantages and disadvantages of wind energy.
b) Explain solar collectors.
70
71
`MID
b) Kota
d) Tarapur
[
d) Farad
73
]
]
a) 900oc
b) 715oc
c) 1200oc
d) 3000oc
23. Thermo-electric energy conversion is due to
[
a) Emission effect b) Radiation effect c) Thermal energy d) Chemical Energy
24. Example of direct energy conversion is
[
]
a) Hydro-electric power
b) Steam Power
c) Thermo-electric effect
d) None
25. Source of energy in fuel cells is
[
]
a) Chemical energy
b) Heat energy
c) Electrical energy
d) None
26. Hydrograph is
[
]
a) Discharge of flowing water with respect to time
b) Graph respecting the annual flow rate of water
c) Water available round the year graph
d) None
27. Flow duration curve represents
[
]
a) Availability of water
b) Run- off water
c) Run out data
d) Discharge of water
28. Breeder reactor has a conversion ratio of
[
]
b) Greater than unity
a) Unity
c) Less than unity
d) Zero
29. The average thermal efficiency of a modern nuclear power Plant is [
]
a) 30%
b) 60%
c) 40%
d) 80%
30. Tarapur nuclear power plant has
[
]
a) Pressurized water reactor b) Boiling water reactor
c) Gas cooled water
d) None11.
31. In a gas cooled reactor (GCR) are used as moderator and coolent respectively [
a) Graphite and CO2 b) Graphite and air c) Heavy water and CO2
d) None
32. Coolent in boiling water reactor is
[
]
d) Mercury
a) CO2b) Water and steam c) Liquid metal
33.
BWR uses the following as fuel
[
]
235
a) Thorium b) Plutonium c) U d) Enriched uranium
34. Indias first nuclear plant is
[
]
a) Narora
b) Kota
c) Kalpakkam d) Tarapur
35. Moderator is used for
[
]
a) Absorb the neutrons b) Slow down the neutrons
c) Increase the velocity of neutrons
d) None
36. Photovoltaic cells are made by
[
]
a) Conduction materials
b) Semi-conductor materials
c) Insulators
d) Ceramics
37. A load curve is a plot of
[
]
a) Load versus generation capacity
b) Load Versus current
c) Load Versus time
d) Load Versus cost of power
38 .Water hammer occurs in
[
]
a) Surge tank b) Turbine c) Penstock
d) Draft tube
39.
Most widely used material of a solar cell is
[
]
a) Silicon
b) Cadmium
c) Arsenic
d) None
40.
The measure of nuclear energy is
[
]
a) Mev b) Curie
c) MW
d) Farad
75
QUESTION BANK
1. Draw the steam power plant layout and explain different circuits in steam power plant
2. Explain pulverized fuel firing system with neat sketch and state the advantages of pulverized fuel firing
system.
3. Explain overfeed firing system
4. Explain lubrication system used in diesel power plant
5. Explain fuel storage and supply system in diesel power plant
6. state the advantages of diesel power plant over steam power plant
7. Explain open cycle gas turbine with neat sketch.
8. State the advantages of gas turbine power plant over diesel engine power plant
9. Explain pumped storage power plant with neat sketch and also write its advantages.
10. What is the purpose of surge tank and explain different types of surge tanks.
11. Explain MHD Generation system with neat sketch.
12. Explain elements of nuclear reactor with neat sketch.
13. Write advantages and disadvantages of wind energy.
14. Explain solar collectors.
15. Explain Wind Energy
76
Code: 9A03710
B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations November 2012
1. (a)
(b)
2.
(a)
(b)
3
(a)
(b)
4.
5. (a)
(b)
6.
7.
(b)
8.
(a)
Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
What is a chemical fuel? How does it differ from a nuclear fuel?
Draw an explanatory line diagram of an ash handling system used for a
modern high capacity steam power plant. State its merits.
Explain how combustion takes place in overfeed and underfeed stokers.
Discuss their relative performance.
Explain the working of an electrostatic precipitator and list its outstanding
features.
Draw line diagram to show the layout of diesel power plant and describe it in
brief.
State the factors to be considered for selection of prime movers in a
medium sized power plant.
Draw a neat diagram of a regenerative gas turbine plant having inter
cooling and reheater. Explain the working on the P-V and T-S diagram.
Draw a layout of a medium head hydro electric plant.
What is a flow duration curve? Explain its utility.
Write short notes on the following:
(a) Working of MHD generator.
(b) Fuel cells and its application.
(c) Solar collectors.
Give the construction and working of a Gas cooled reactor. What are its
advantages and disadvantages?
List down some safety measures for nuclear power plants.
A generating station has a maximum demand of 30 mw a load factor o 0.6,
a plant capacity of 0.48 and a plant use factor of 0.82. Find
(i) The daily energy produced.
(ii) The reverse capacity of the plant.
(iii) The maximum energy that could be produced if the plant were running
all the time.
(iv) The maximum energy that could be produced daily. If the plant when
running according to operating schedule were fully loaded.
77
Code: 9A03710
B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations November 2012
Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Write short notes on:
(i) Tidal power.
(ii) Wind power.
(iii) Thermo electric power.
(b) Draw an outline of ash disposal equipment. State the advantages of hydraulic system of handling ash.
2. (a) What is the function of cooling tower in a modern steam power plant? Describe briefly with a neat sketch
the working of a hyperbolic cooling tower.
(b) How is the draughts classified? Explain with neat sketch the balanced draught.
3. (a) Why is super charging necessary in diesel power plant? What methods are used for super charging the
diesel engines?
(b) Draw a neat diagram of a fuel storage and fuel supply system used for diesel power plants. 4. (a) What are
the different components of a gas turbine plant? Explain them with the help of neat sketches.
(b) What are the advantages of a gas turbine plant over diesel and steam power plants of the same capacity?
5. (a) Explain a method of drawing flow duration curves and explain their use in selecting the site for hydro
electric plant.
(b) What are the different types of spill ways used in practice?
6. (a) Describe with the help of a neat sketch, the working of a solar power plant. What are its silent features?
(b) Describe how power is generated by MHD.
(b) Describe how power is generated by MHD.
Describe how power is generated by MHD.
7. (a) What is nuclear fusion? How does it differ from nuclear fission?
(b) Describe with the help of a neat sketch the construction working of a pressurised water reactor.
8. A base load station having a capacity of 18 MW a stand by station having a capacity of 20 MW share a
common load. Find
(i) Annual load factor.
(ii) Use factor and
(iii) Capacity factor of the two power stations from the following data.
Annual stand by station output
=7.35x106KWh
Annual base load station output =101.35x106KWh
Peak load on the standby station =12 MW
Hours of use of standby station =2190 hours
during the year
78
Code: 9A03710
B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations November 2012
Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Draw a general layout of a thermal power plant and explain the different circuits.
(b) What factors are considered in selecting a site for a big thermal power plant?
2. (a) Explain the different methods used for supplying pulverised fuel to the combustion chambers of the
boilers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages each.
(b) Draw a neat diagram of a cyclone burner and describe its working.
3. For a diesel power station discuss briefly about the following:
(a) Cooling system.
(b) Lubricating system.
(c) Super charging system.
4. (a) Describe with diagram the working of a closed cycle gas turbine plant.
(b) Describe methods of improving output and performance of gas turbine plants.
5. (a) Describe the function of surge tank and penstock used in the storage type hydro electric plant.
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric power plant over a thermal one?
6. (a) What is a fuel cell? State the advantage and disadvantages of fuel cells.
(b) Describe open cycle MHD system with a neat sketch.
7. (a) What is a moderator in nuclear reactor? Explain the desirable properties of good moderator.
(b) Describe with the help of a neat sketch the construction working of a boiling water reactor. What are its
advantages and disadvantages?
8. A power plant of 180 MW
=Rs 2160/KW installed
installed capacity has the
following data: Capital cost
Interest and depreciation
=12 percent
Annual load factor
=0.6
Annual capacity factor
=0.5
Annual running chargers
=Rs 36x106
Energy consumed by power
=6 percent
auxiliaries
79