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Typical properties of normal strength Portland cement concrete are indicated below:
Arruda-Boyce Model
Neo-Hookean
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Maximum
Unit
value
Sources
Bending strength
50
80 MPa
Idemat 2003
Compressive strength
31
31 MPa
Idemat 2003
Creep strength
Density
Elongation
MPa
1410
25
1420 kg/m
25 %
Fatigue failure
Friction coeficient
Idemat 2003
Idemat 2003
MPa
0.2
0.35
Idemat 2003
Impact strength
0.53
1.2 J/cm
Idemat 2003
Shear modulus
900
930 MPa
Idemat 2003
Tensile strength
69
72 MPa
Idemat 2003
Thickness
MPa
Yield strength
MPa
Young's modulus
2900
3500 MPa
Idemat 2003
wood
Wood
Density
-(kg/m3)
Modulus of Elasticity
-E(N/mm2)
Compressive Strength
parallel to Grain
(N/mm2)
Shear Strength
(N/mm2)
Ash
657
60
10070
48
10
Beech
740
60 - 110
10350
27 - 54
8.3 - 14
Birch
710
85 - 90
15170
67 - 74
13 - 18.5
Elm, English
560
40 - 54
11790
17 - 32
8 - 11.3
Elm, Dutch
560
42 - 60
7720
18 - 32
7.2 - 10
Fir, Douglas
530
45 - 73
10340 - 15170
49 - 74
7.4 - 8.8
Mahogany
545
60
8690
45
6.0
Oak
740
56 - 87
14550
27 - 50
8 - 12
Pine
530
41 - 83
8550 - 10340
21 - 42
5.2 - 9.7
Poplar
450
40 - 43
7240
20
4.8
Spruce, Norway
430
36 - 62
7380 - 8620
18 - 39
4.3 - 8
Sycamore
625
62 - 106
8970 - 13450
26 - 46
8.8 - 15
Composites
Material
Density
-3
(10 kg/m3)
Tensile Modulus
-E(GPa)
Tensile Strength
-(GPa)
Specific Modulus
- E/ -
Specific Strength
- / -
Maximum Service
Temperature
(oC)
Short-fiber
Glass-filled epoxy (35%)
1.9
25
0.3
13.2
0.16
80 - 200
Glass-filled polyester
(35%)
2.0
15.7
0.13
7.85
0.065
80 - 125
1.6
14.5
0.2
8.95
0.12
75 - 110
Unidirectional
Material
Density
-3
(10 kg/m3)
Tensile Modulus
-E(GPa)
Tensile Strength
-(GPa)
Specific Modulus
- E/ -
Specific Strength
- / -
Maximum Service
Temperature
(oC)
1.8
39.5
0.87
21.8
0.48
80 - 215
1.6
142
1.73
89.3
1.08
80 - 215
1.35
63.6
1.1
47.1
0.81
80 - 215
Metals
Material
Density
-(103 kg/m3)
Tensile Modulus
-E(GPa)
Tensile Strength
-(GPa)
Specific Modulus
- E/ -
Specific Strength
- / -
Maximum Service
Temperature
(oC)
7.15
100
0.14
14.3
0.02
230 - 300
7.7 - 8.03
205
0.585
26.3
0.073
500 - 650
Aluminum 2045-T4
2.7
73
0.45
27
0.17
150 - 250
Aluminum 6061-T6
2.7
69
0.27
25.5
0.10
150 - 250
Ceramics
Material
Density
-3
(10 kg/m3)
Tensile Modulus
-E(GPa)
Tensile Strength
-(GPa)
Specific Modulus
- E/ -
Specific Strength
- / -
Maximum Service
Temperature
(oC)
Alumina
3.8
350
0.17
92.1
0.045
1425 - 1540
MgO
3.6
205
0.06
56.9
0.017
900 - 1000
Material
Density
-3
(10 kg/m3)
Tensile Modulus
-E(GPa)
Tensile Strength
-(GPa)
Specific Modulus
- E/ -
Specific Strength
- / -
Maximum Service
Temperature
(oC)
Nylon 6/6
1.15
2 - 3.6
0.082
2.52
0.071
75 - 100
Polyethylene (HDPE)
0.9 - 1.4
0.18 - 1.6
0.015
Polypropylene
0.9 - 1.24
1.4
0.033
1.55
0.037
50 - 80
Epoxy
1.25
3.5
0.069
2.8
0.055
80 - 215
Phenolic
1.35
3.0
0.006
2.22
0.004
70 - 120
Plastics
Poisson's ratio
rubber
0.4999 [3]
gold
0.420.44
saturated clay
0.400.49
Material
Poisson's ratio
magnesium
0.35
titanium
0.34
copper
0.33
aluminium-alloy 0.32
clay
0.300.45
stainless steel
0.300.31
steel
0.270.30
cast iron
0.210.26
sand
0.200.45
Material
Poisson's ratio
concrete
0.20
glass
0.180.3
foam
0.100.50
cork
~ 0.00
Material
Plane of symmetry
0.69
0.01
2.75
3.88
0.29
0.32
0.06
0.06
0.32
0.01