BIOLOGY 2020

Sample Questions for Exams

Sample Questions for Chap 16-19

1. For protein hormones, what is the typical "downstream" consequence of activation of the second messenger,
cAMP?
a. binding of the hormone to its cytoplasmic receptor
b. activation of G proteins in the membrane
c. activation of adenyl cyclase
d. activation of protein kinase
2. Which of the following is the best classification for a neuro-transmitter, assuming that it is acting in a typical
fashion?
a. hormone
b. neurohormone
c. paracrine
d. pheromone
3. In Type I diabetes mellitus, the primary etiology (cause) of the condition is?
a. inadequate production of insulin
b. dysfunctional glucose transporters
c. excessive osmolarity of the blood
d. deficient glucagon receptors
4. Monocytes are?
a. a type of leukocyte
b. agranular white cells
c. cells that release histamines
d. all of the above
e. a and b only
5. Most cases of hemophilia are related to ?
a. a deficiency of clotting factor VII
b. a deficiency of clotting factor VIII
c. a deficiency of tissue plasminogen activator
d. a deficiency of prothrombin activator
6. In the human heart, how many valve cusps (flaps) are typically found?
a. 8
b. 9
c. 10
d. 11
e. 12
7. Pericardial fluid is similar to serous fluid?
a. true b. false
8. What phase of the heart's electrical cycle most closely corresponds to the second heart sound (i.e., the "dub" of
"lub-dub".
a. P wave
b. QRS complex c. T wave
d. none of the above
9. Arteriosclerosis is the most common form of atherosclerosis?
a. true
b. false
10. The action potential associated with heart muscle contraction is typically longer than that observed in a
neuron.
a. true b. false
11. Drugs that act as calcium channel blockers should?
a. increase heart rate
b. decrease filling time
c. increase contractile strength
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
12. Based solely on changes in heart rate during physical exertion, the end diastolic volume should _____
compared to resting state?
a. increase
b. decrease
c. stay the same
13. Most of the bodys blood supply is contained in which part of the vascular system?
a. arteries
b. veins
c. systemic capillaries
d. heart
14. Increase pressure increases sensory input from carotid baroreceptors and thus should?
a. decrease heart rate
b. decrease vascular resistance
c. increase vasodilation
d. all of the above
e. a and b only
Sample Questions for Chap 20-22
15. Lymphatic vessels from the upper quadrants of the body?
a. eventually connect directly to the right and left subclavian veins
b. carry interstitial fluid away from tissues
c. transport fluid rich in long-chain fatty acids
d. all of the above
e. a and b only

16. Anaphylaxis and attendant shock that follows is a consequence of ?

a. autoimmune dysfunctions
b. local hypersensitivity
c. systemic hypersensitivity
d. systemic immunosuppression
17. Immunization protocols offer prophylactic protection against certain diseases because ?
a. they mimic a disease in such a way that T cells establish a "memory" cell line
b. they mimic a disease in such a way that B cells establish a "memory" cell line
c. antibody molecules against the antigen are kept at high levels for the rest of the person's life.
d. all of the above
e. a and b only
18. Alveolar surfactant functions to ?
a. increase elasticity
b. increase compliance
c. decrease surface tension
d. all of the above
19. Saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen?
a. increases as PO2 increases
b. decreases as PCO2 decreases
c. is independent of pH
d. all of the above
20. A person with a brain injury is most likely to need a respirator to ventilate his lungs if ?
a. the hypothalamus is damaged b. the cerebral cortex is damaged
c. the cerebellum is damaged
d. the brain stem (medulla and pons) is damaged
e. all of the above control ventilation so any combination of injuries would necessitate it
Sample Questions Chap 23-25
21. Which of the following morphological adaptations apply only to individual intestinal epithelial cells?
a. villi b. microvilli
c. circular folds d. all of the above
22. Lactic acid production increases as the activity of which of the following increases?
a. glycolysis
b. Kreb cycle
c. electron transport chain
d. all of the above
23. Movement of food materials in the GI tract by peristalsis and segmentation involves 3 layers of intestinal
smooth muscles.
a. true b. false
24. The volume of filtrate produced by the kidney glomeruli in a given time period is____________the volume of
urine produced?
a. about equal to
b. slightly less than
c. slightly more than
d. much more than
e. unrelated to
25. Cortical nephrons produce a filtrate that
a. always leaves the kidney as an isoosmotic solution
b. may be concentrated in the collecting ducts
c. contains molecules like H+ that are secreted from tubular cells
d. all of the above
e. b and c only
26. Both the Loop of Henle and vasa recta function as countercurrent mechanisms?
a. true b. false
Sample Questions Chap 26-28
27. Diuretics act ?
a. promote the action of aldosterone
b. to counteract the effects of a pituitary hormone
c. to decrease glomerular filtration rate
d. all of the above
e. a and b only
28. In metabolic acidosis without compensation which of the following is elevated?
a. pH
b. PCO2
c. HCO3d. all of the above
e. none of the above
29. Penile erection is a consequence of ?
I. parasympathetic activation
II. sympathetic activation
III. vasoconstriction
IV. vasodilation
a. I and III
b. I and IV
c. II and III
d. II and IV
30. Meiosis differs from mitosis in that ?

31.

32.

33.
34.

a. cells divide
b. chromatin replicates
c. homologous chromosomes separate
d. chromatids separate
FSH and LH are hormones that ?
a. are derived from the posterior pituitary
b. affect the ovary but not the testis
c. cycle in the female but not the male
d. all of the above
In a normal menstrual cycle progesterone concentration peaks during?
a. the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle
b. the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle
c. the ovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle
d. none of the above, it stays about constant to protect the endometrium.
Production of non-identical twins requires?
I. one egg
II. two eggs
III. one sperm IV. two sperm
a. I and III
b. I and IV.
c. II and III
d. II and IV
The placenta is composed of tissues derived from both the maternal endometrium and embryonic trophoblasts
a. true b. false

Answers:
1. d
2. c
3. a
4. e
5. b
6. d
7. a
8. c
9. b
10. a
11. e
12. b
13. b
14. d
15. d
16. c
17. e
18. c
19. a
20. d
21. b
22. a
23. b
24. d
25. e
26. a
27. b
28. e
29. b
30. c
31. c
32. b
33. d
34. a