Name:

ID Number:

Shao - Chih Ma
1438410

Section:
Lab Partner:

BJ
Kristine Lee

Chem 152 Experiment #1: Weak Acid Titrations

By signing below, you certify that you have not falsified data, that you have not plagiarized any part of this lab report,
and that all calculations and responses other than the reporting of raw data are your own independent work. Failure to
sign this declaration will result in 5 points being deducted from your report score.
Signature:

Total Points = 60 pts (5 pts notebook, 55 pts template)

Notebook Pages: Your notebook pages will be graded for general organization and completenes
easily find and read the data he/she is looking for?)

PURPOSE AND METHOD

Clearly state the purpose of this lab. Explain how this is accomplished in this experiment. What
need to perform? What measurements will be made? [Do not provide experimental details here].
calculated/measured values to accomplishing stated purpose? (4 pts)

There are three purposes to this lab, the first is to standardize a NaOH solution. The second is to de
concentration of an unknown acetic acid with the NaOH solution we standardized. Thirdly the purpo
provide us with opportunities to gain some experience with the analytical technique which we will u
order to accomplish these purposes we will set up a titration lab and run through a few titrations tha
the standardized solution for NaOH and the concentration of the mystery acetic acid.
In the experiment we will use an instrument called a buret that has markings on the side to measur
we will measure the initial and final reading on the buret for each titration trial. We will also measur
put in for Part I for each titration trial as well. Part II we also need to measure the initial and final rea
record that for every trial we have a consistent 20 mL of the mystery acetic acid.
Equations:
HA (aq) + Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Na+ (aq) + A(Note Na+ is a spectator ion)
M(NaOH) L(NaOH) = M(acetic acid) L(acetic acid)

(aq)

+ H2O

(l)

The equation above is basically saying the concentration (M) and Volume (V) have a correlation with
help us with part II when we have to use or standardize solutions concentration and the volume in o
mystery concentration of acetic acid with its 20 mL state.
The reaction equation at the very top is meant for part I to prove that the mole ratio between KHP a
of how many hydrogens are passed and transferred.

I: Standardization of NaOH using KHP

Run #1
Mass of KHP
Molar Mass, KHP

0.304 g
71.08 g/mole

Run #2
Mass of KHP
Molar Mass, KHP

0.305 g
71.08 g/mole

Moles KHP
Initial buret reading
Final buret reading
mL Titrated
L Titrated
[NaOH]

0.004277 mol
1.50 mL
16.60 mL
15.10 mL
0.0151 L
0.2833 M

Moles KHP
Initial buret reading
Final buret reading
mL Titrated
L Titrated
[NaOH]
Average [NaOH]
Standard Deviation

0.0042909 mol
1.40 mL
16.70 mL
15.30 mL
0.0153 L
0.2804 M
0.2802 M
0.0033

Sample calculation of [NaOH] from the standardization titration. Use the data from Run #1.

(6 pts)

()= () = (0.304 ( ))/(71.08 ( ))=4.277 10 ^(3) ( )

()= ( ())/( ( ) )=(4.277 10 ^(3) ())/(0.0151

II: Acid-Base Titration: CH3COOH-NaOH

Run #1
Initial buret reading
Final buret reading
mL NaOH Titrated
L NaOH Titrated
Moles NaOH
mL of acetic acid
L of acetic acid
[acetic acid]

1.2 mL
34.2 mL
33.0 mL
0.033 L
0.00925 moles
20 mL
0.02 L
0.4625 M

Run #2
Initial buret reading
Final buret reading
mL NaOH Titrated
L NaOH Titrated
Moles NaOH
mL of acetic acid
L of acetic acid
[acetic acid]
Average [acetic acid]
Standard Deviation

0.9 mL
33.9 mL
33.00 mL
0.033 L
0.00925 moles
20 mL
0.02 L
0.4625 M
0.4615 M
0.0017

Sample calculation of [acetic acid] from the titration with NaOH. Use the data from Run #1. (6 pts)

()= () ( () ())=0.2802 (34.21.2)=9.25 10

( )= ( ())/( ( ) )= (0.2802 ())/(0.02 (

Calculate the expected pH of the solution at the equivalence point using YOUR AVERAGE VALUES for the concentrations of
the volumes of each that you used. (Just like in Prelab Q3, you will only have the conjugate base and spectator ions present
volume that is the sum of the volumes of acid and base you combined.) The K a for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10-5. (6 pts)
(See attached page for calculations.)

Questions

1. If you use 30 mL of H2O to dissolve the KHP instead of 20 mL, what is the expected effect on the calculated Na
the calculated concentration of NaOH be higher or lower than it should be? Explain your reasoning. ( 5 pts)

There will be no effect on the concentration of NaOH becasue the factors that matter in order to calculate the conc
the molar mass of KHP 2.) the mass weighed out for KHP and 3.) the amount of the NaOH solution we used. Usin
()= () = (( ) ( ))/(71.08 ( ))
()= ( ())/( ( ) )

Notice that there is no volume for KHP, indicating that H2O will not affect the concentration of NaOH. We are contro
are putting in and NaOH's one job is to react with these moles, the addition of water will not lessen the moles in the
the reaction will still take just as equal of an amount of moles in NaOH in order to completely react and reach equil

2. If you overshoot the endpoint of the KHP/NaOH titration, what is expected effect on the calculated concentration
the calculated concentration of NaOH be higher or lower than it should be? Explain your reasoning. (5 pts)

There will be no effect on the concentration of NaOH becasue the factors that matter in order to calculate the conc
the molar mass of KHP 2.) the mass weighed out for KHP and 3.) the amount of the NaOH solution we used. Usin
()= () = (( ) ( ))/(71.08 ( ))
()= ( ())/( ( ) )

Notice that there is no volume for KHP, indicating that H2O will not affect the concentration of NaOH. We are contro
are putting in and NaOH's one job is to react with these moles, the addition of water will not lessen the moles in the
the reaction will still take just as equal of an amount of moles in NaOH in order to completely react and reach equil

2. If you overshoot the endpoint of the KHP/NaOH titration, what is expected effect on the calculated concentration
the calculated concentration of NaOH be higher or lower than it should be? Explain your reasoning. (5 pts)

The expected affect will be that the concentration of NaOH will be lower than it should be. Observe the equation be
()= ( ())/( ( ) )

notice that the relationship between the concentration of the solution and the volume is that the concentration is de
the volume. The more NaOH solution it takes in order to hit the endpoint (meaning the greater the volume) the sma
must be becasue our moles are solidified at a certain number depending on how much KHP we place into the solu
becasue the less volume a mole can take up the more concentrated it becomes, but the more volume you provide
have more "space" in a sense) the less concentrated the moles become and more dispersed they are in the solutio

3. If you overshoot the endpoint of the acetic acid/NaOH titration, what is the expected effect on the calculated con
Will the calculated concentration of acetic acid be higher or lower than it should be? Explain your reasoning. (5 pts

The concentration of acetic acid will be higher than it should be. If you observe the equations below:
()= () ( () ())
( )= ( ())/( ( ) )
The relationship between the concentration of acetic acid and volume of NaOH is the moles of NaOH, the larger th
mole of NaOH is, which , in return makes the concentration of acetic acid larger as well. The volume of acetic acid
chaning the moles will only mean more "molecules" to "squeeze" into a certain volume. Which means the moles ar
the more moles are created.

4. In the titration of acetic acid, 20 mL of the acid are titrated with NaOH. If 25 mL of acetic acid was used instead
determination of the acetic acid concentration and, if so, how? Explain your reasoning. (5 pts)

Slightly, the volume would be larger for the concentration of acetic acid which means the concentration will be sma
being larger, like we discovered in question 1 the larger the volume the smaller the concentration. However this wo
because it is being changed by 5mL however it is significant enough to state that it will influence the determination
acetic acid.
()= () ( () ())
( )= ( ())/( ( ) )

Using the equations from the previous question we see that the volume influenced concentration in a negative corr
being in the denominator meaning that the more you increase the volume (the more space you give the moles to "
concentrated the solution becomes. Which therefore shows that increase in volume indeed affects the determinatio
acetic acid.

 ( )= ( ())/( ( ) )
The relationship between the concentration of acetic acid and volume of NaOH is the moles of NaOH, the larger th
mole of NaOH is, which , in return makes the concentration of acetic acid larger as well. The volume of acetic acid
chaning the moles will only mean more "molecules" to "squeeze" into a certain volume. Which means the moles ar
the more moles are created.

4. In the titration of acetic acid, 20 mL of the acid are titrated with NaOH. If 25 mL of acetic acid was used instead
determination of the acetic acid concentration and, if so, how? Explain your reasoning. (5 pts)

Slightly, the volume would be larger for the concentration of acetic acid which means the concentration will be sma
being larger, like we discovered in question 1 the larger the volume the smaller the concentration. However this wo
because it is being changed by 5mL however it is significant enough to state that it will influence the determination
acetic acid.
()= () ( () ())
( )= ( ())/( ( ) )

Using the equations from the previous question we see that the volume influenced concentration in a negative corr
being in the denominator meaning that the more you increase the volume (the more space you give the moles to "
concentrated the solution becomes. Which therefore shows that increase in volume indeed affects the determinatio
acetic acid.

Laboratory Waste Evaluation (1 pt)

Laboratory waste is considered anything generated during an experiment that is disposed of down the sewer drain, thrown in
container for disposal by the UW Environmental Health & Safety department, or released into the environment. Based on the
your actions during the lab, list the identity and approximate amount (mass or volume) of waste that you generated while perfo
~ 1 g of KHP
~ 200mL of NaOH solution
~ 1.5 L of Water
~ 3m2 of paper towel waste
~ 2 pH strips
~ 60mL of acetic acid
~3mL of phenolphthalein indicator solution

BJ
Kristine Lee

part of this lab report,

pendent work. Failure to

Note:
All sections of
this report must
be typed

zation and completeness (Can your TA

n this experiment. What calculations do you

perimental details here]. How do you go from

tion. The second is to determine the

rdized. Thirdly the purpose of this lab is to
echnique which we will use for future labs. In
rough a few titrations that will help us determine
cetic acid.
gs on the side to measure volume (this is in mL)
trial. We will also measure the mass of KHP we
re the initial and final reading of the buret and
c acid.

V) have a correlation with each other which will

ation and the volume in order to find the

mole ratio between KHP and NaOH is 1:1 because

Run #3
Mass of KHP
Molar Mass, KHP

0.301 g
71.08 g/mole

Moles KHP
Initial buret reading
Final buret reading
mL Titrated
L Titrated
[NaOH]

0.004235 mol
1.40 mL
16.70 mL
15.30 mL
0.0153 L
0.2768 M

(6 pts)

10 ^(3) ( )

^(3) ())/(0.0151 () )=0.2833

Run #3
Initial buret reading
Final buret reading
mL NaOH Titrated
L NaOH Titrated
Moles NaOH
mL of acetic acid
L of acetic acid
[acetic acid]

1.0 mL
33.8 mL
32.8 mL
0.0328 L
0.00919 moles
20 mL
0.02 L
0.4595 M

(6 pts)

(34.21.2)=9.25 10 ^(3)

2 ())/(0.02 ( ))=0.4625

LUES for the concentrations of NaOH and acetic acid and

ase and spectator ions present at the equivalence point in a
d is 1.8 x 10-5. (6 pts)

d effect on the calculated NaOH concentration? Will

ur reasoning. ( 5 pts)

n order to calculate the concentration for NaOH are 1.)

aOH solution we used. Using thse equations:

ation of NaOH. We are controlling the moles of KHP we

ill not lessen the moles in the solution at all meaning
pletely react and reach equilibriium.

the calculated concentration of the NaOH(aq)? Will

ur reasoning. (5 pts)

n order to calculate the concentration for NaOH are 1.)

aOH solution we used. Using thse equations:

ation of NaOH. We are controlling the moles of KHP we

ill not lessen the moles in the solution at all meaning
pletely react and reach equilibriium.

the calculated concentration of the NaOH(aq)? Will

ur reasoning. (5 pts)
be. Observe the equation below:

s that the concentration is dependent on the size of

greater the volume) the smaller the concentration
h KHP we place into the solution. This makes sense
he more volume you provide it (allowing the moles to
persed they are in the solution.

d effect on the calculated concentration of acetic acid?

xplain your reasoning. (5 pts)

uations below:

moles of NaOH, the larger the volume, the larger the

ll. The volume of acetic acid is consant therefore
e. Which means the moles are extremely concentrated

acetic acid was used instead, will this affect the

. (5 pts)

he concentration will be smaller due to the volume

ncentration. However this would only affect it slightly
l influence the determination of the concentration of

ncentration in a negative correlation due to the volume

pace you give the moles to "roam") the less
deed affects the determination of the concentration of

moles of NaOH, the larger the volume, the larger the

ll. The volume of acetic acid is consant therefore
e. Which means the moles are extremely concentrated

acetic acid was used instead, will this affect the

. (5 pts)

he concentration will be smaller due to the volume

ncentration. However this would only affect it slightly
l influence the determination of the concentration of

ncentration in a negative correlation due to the volume

pace you give the moles to "roam") the less
deed affects the determination of the concentration of

own the sewer drain, thrown in the garbage, collected in a

he environment. Based on the written lab procedure and
e that you generated while performing this experiment.