INSTITUTO POLITCNICO NACIONAL

ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE CMPUTO

ANLISIS FUNDAMENTAL DE CIRCUITOS

PRACTICE 1
USO DE HMETRO, VLMETRO Y AMPRMETRO EN
MEDICIONES DE C.D.
GROUP: 1CV5
MEMBERS:

CARAVEO RODRGUEZ RICARDO -2013630143

MONZALVO PREZ DIANA ALI - 2014350495
QUIROZ OLMEDO LUIS EDUARDO -2014630585

JOS ALFREDO MARTNEZ GUERRERO

Date of realization: 15/04/2015
Delivery date: 29/04/2015

OBJECTIVE
The student will understand the proper handling of measuring instruments, so at the end of
the practice must be able to:
Properly use the digital ohmmeter.
Properly use the digital voltmeter.
Properly use the digital ammeter.

EQUIPMENT

Digital multimeter

Variable voltage source

4 tips banana alligator

2 tips alligator-alligator

MATERIAL
Protoboard
Resistance 1 K Watt
Resistance 560 Watt
Resistance 680 Watt
Resistance 330 Watt
Connection wires

INTRODUCTION
The electrical measurements are methods, devices, and calculations used to measure
electrical quantities. Measuring electrical quantities can be made by measuring electric
parameters of a system. Using transducers, physical properties such as temperature,
pressure, flow, strength, and many others can be converted into electrical signals, which
can be conveniently recorded and measured.
The Ammeter: The instrument that measures the intensity of the electrical current. Its unit
of measurement is the Amp and its submultiples, the mill ampere and micro-ampere. Uses
depend on the current.
Utility Ammeter
Its principal, knowing the amount of current flowing through a conductor at all times, and
helps the proper functioning of equipment, detecting sudden ups and downs during the
operation. In addition, many laboratories use it to repair and find over current to prevent
malfunction of a computer
It is also used with a voltmeter to obtain the values of resistors using Ohm's Law. This
technique is called "Method Voltmeter - Ammeter"
The voltmeter: The instrument measures the voltage value. Its basic unit of measurement
is the volt (V) with its multiples: the Megavolt (MV) and KV (KV) and sub-multiples as the
MV (mv) and micro volt. There voltmeter to measure DC voltages called moving coil
voltmeters and AC voltages, electromagnetic.
Utility Voltmeter
Know at all times the voltage source or a part of a circuit. When are embedded in the
Laboratory, are used to detect spikes and brownouts.
The Ohmmeter: An arrangement of circuits voltmeter and ammeter, but with a battery and
a resistor. Wherein said resistor is set to zero the instrument scale Ohms when the
terminals are shorted.
Utility Ohmmeter
Its main function is to know the ohmic value of an unknown resistance and thus measure
the continuity of a driver and of course unknown detect faults in circuits inside computers.

DEVELOPMENT OF PRACTICE
After reading practice, we begin examining each resistor placed on the breadboard by
color code, in this way we understood the first 2 colors indicate the first 2 values, the third
indicates the number of zeros that are going to be added after the numbers above, and the
fourth band indicates the tolerance of the resistor. Having identified the values, they were
compared with a measurement made with the digital ohmmeter.

The results of measurements were as follows:

Resistance
R1
R2
R3
R4

Measurement with the

digital ohmmeter

Value in the color code

555

Green, blue, brown, gold 560

984

Brown, black, orange, gold

672

Blue, gray, brown, gold - 680

331|

Orange, orange, brown, gold 330

1.0k

5
5

VOLTMETER USE
In the next circuit we can see how can connect the voltmeter with the resistance, first do
the circuit and measure changing the values of the voltage source about the resistance.

Votage
Source
E= 1V
E= 2V
E= 3V
E= 4V
E= 5V
E= 6V
E= 7V
E= 8V
E= 9V
E= 10V
E= 11V
E= 12V

Voltage in R1 & R2
1.0 V
2.0 V
3.0 V
4.0 V
5.0 V
6.0 V
7.0 V
8.0 V
9.0 V
10.0 V
11.0 V
12.0 V

Digital Multimeter
Voltage in R1
0.750 V
1.538 V
2.270 V
3.028 V
3.796 V
4.545 V
5.268 V
6.030 V
6.764 V
7.492 V
8.268 V
9.020 V

Voltage in R2
0.249 V
0.491 V
0.755 V
0.990 V
1.243 V
1.493 V
1.763 V
1.997 V
2.248 V
2.496 V
2.753 V
2.994 V

AMMETER USE
In the next circuit we can see how can connect the ammeter with the resistance, first do
the circuit and measure changing the values of the voltage source about the resistance.

Votage
Source
E= 1V
E= 2V
E= 3V
E= 4V
E= 5V
E= 6V
E= 7V
E= 8V
E= 9V
E= 10V
E= 11V
E= 12V

QUESTIONARY

Current in R1 & R2
3.20 mA
5.47 mA
9.93 mA
12.88 mA
16.37 mA
19.59 mA
23.14 mA
26.25 mA
29.06 mA
32.34 mA
35.63 mA
39.26 mA

Digital Multimeter
Current in R1
1.7 mA
3.65 mA
5.31 mA
7.10 mA
8.87 mA
10.73 mA
12.57 mA
14.29 mA
16.17 mA
17.91 mA
19.81 mA
21.8 mA

Current in R2
1.43 mA
2.94 mA
4.45 mA
5.93 mA
7.40 mA
8.98 mA
10.43 mA
11.86 mA
13.40 mA
14.86 mA
16.45 mA
17.93 mA

1.- What is the characteristic of a series circuit?

Cuando los elementos bsicos se conectan en continuacin del otro se obtiene el llamado
elemento general tipo serie.
2.- What is the characteristic of a parallel circuit?
Cuando los elementos bsicos se conectan entre dos puntos comunes, se obtiene el
llamado elemento general tipo paralelo.
3.- What is the main difference between an analog and a digital meter?
Los Instrumentos analgicos tienen baja resolucin, por lo general ofrecen no ms de 3
cifras. Tienen un Lmite de error de exactitud de 0.5% de escala completa.
Las lecturas se presentan a graves errores cuando el instrumento tiene varias escalas.
La velocidad de la lectura es baja, por lo general 1 segundo/lectura. Y el instrumento
digital tienen alta resolucin, en algunos casos llega a ms de 9 dgitos en las lecturas de
frecuencia y una precisin de + 0,002% para las mediciones de voltajes.
Pueden eliminar la posibilidad de errores por confusin de escalas.
Tienen una velocidad de lectura que puede superar las 1.000 lecturas por segundo.

4.- Why an ammeter should not be connected in parallel?

The ammeter is connected in series because the current is the number of electrons flowing
through the conductor, then we can say that the current calls in series to the ammeter is an
extension of the driver and we know how many electrons pass through it.
5.- Why should the circuit be de-energized when the resistance of an electrical
circuit is measured?
Because for measuring a resistance passes a current through it, and if the resistance is
already in an energized circuit, and a current flows I went through it, so that the
measurement would be the sum of the two currents, and therefore give an incorrect value.
When circuit resistance is measured taking into account the relationship between the
applied voltage and the current flowing or vice versa. If loaded elements can distort the
measurement.
R=V/I
It is best to measure the impedance of the components, is a more comprehensive
measure.

CONCLUSIONS

CARAVEO RODRGUEZ RICARDO -2013630143

In this practice, I see and learn many things about how I can measure the voltage, current
and resistance in series and parallel circuits. In the case about how measure resistance,
also we can help in the color code, only need see the colors print around the resistance
and compare this colors in the color code.
So in the case about the voltage and current, before the practice I had many questions,
but now I have clear how can connect the voltmeter in parallel with the element to be
measure, and about the current the ammeter in series with the element to be measure.
MONZALVO PEREZ DIANA ALI - 2014340495
There is a big difference between knowing how to measure the current and voltage in
series and parallel. If the measured voltage or current, had been badly connected to the
digital multimeter, would have made short but was nothing more than a blown fuse. That's
why it was important know use the equipment and how measured the resistors, current
and voltage to direct current.
QUIROZ OLMEDO LUIS EDUARDO -2014630585
My conclusion in this practice is I learned to use the voltmeter and ohmmeter and measure
current and resistance in two ways in parallel and in series, also helped me to have a clear
and simple idea as securities resistors in a color code and how are you measuring them
vary with the ohmmeter, in addition to reaffirming my knowledge of how a simple circuit is
armed.