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I.
INTRODUCTION
Gi(1)
Gj(1)
Gk(1)
Tx
Pi
Pj
Pk
Gi(2)
Gj(2)
HFA G (3)
k
Fiber
L(2)
L(1)
Gi(M-2)
Gj(M-2)
Gk(M-2)
Fiber
L(M-1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Rx
Gi(M-1)
Gj(M-1)
Gk(M-1)
L(M)
(2)
Pij k(1)
Pij k 2)
Pij k3)
Pij k(M-2)
Pij k(M-1)
Fig.2. General calculating Model of Terrestrial DWDM Cascaded EDFAs Link using HFA at the first span
Gi(1)
Gj(1)
Gk(1)
Tx
Pi
Pj
Pk
Gi(2)
Gj(2)
Gk(2)
Fiber
L(2)
(2)
Gi(M-2)
Gj(M-2)
Gk(M-2)
Fiber
HFA
L(M-1)
(2)
(2)
Rx
Gi(M-1)
Gj(M-1)
Gk(M-1)
L(M)
(2)
Pij k(1)
Pij k 2)
Pij k3)
Pij k(M-2)
Pij k(M-1)
Fig.3. General calculating Model of Terrestrial DWDM Cascaded EDFAs Link using HFA at the middle span
Tx
Pi
Pj
Pk
Gi(1)
Gj(1)
Gk(1)
(2)
Fiber
Gi(2)
Gj(2)
Gk(2)
L(2)
Gi(M-2)
Gj(M-2)
Gk(M-2)
Fiber
HFA
L(M-1)
(2)
(2)
Rx
Gi(M-1)
Gj(M-1)
Gk(M-1)
Fiber
(2)
L(M)
Pij k(1)
Pij k 2)
Pij k3)
Pij k(M-2)
Pij k(M-1)
EDFA
Gi
, Li
GFF
Raman pump
Fig.5. Calculating Model of HFA
DCM
PFWMtot ( f m )
f k f i fj f m f j
(3)
ijk
fi
OSNR ( f m )
Psig ( f m )
1024 6
2 Pi P j Pk
Pijk 4 2 2 d
exp
n0 c
Aeff2
m 1
( 2 A
exp
(l )
M 1
l m
2A
m 1
m 1
m 1
l 1
1 exp 1 i
1 i 1
1 exp 2 i 2 Lm2
exp 1 i1 L
2 i 2
m
1
( m)
(l )
G F
(l )
l 1
(4)
+ Accumulated ASE noise at the end of link
Pnoisetot ( f m )
(1)
where: Psig ( f m ) : is signal power at the end of link
We
investigate
total
Accumulated
ASE
noise
follows
(2 A
i 1
(2)
(i )
k
P
( f ) Pk
( fm ) P
( f ).
ASEtot m
ASE R
ASE (i) m
i 1
k
2 A( j ) 2 A( M )
.e
G
G .e
Roo
j
j 1
M 1
M 1
M 1 2 A(l ) 2 A( M )
G (i ) ( f m ).G Roo ( f m ) P
( f m ). G .e
.e
.
ASE (i)
l
i 1
ik
lk
where:
Pin(fm) : transmitted signal power assumed that are equally
for all channels
(5)
C
(G 1) Bo
m i
(6)
k
PASE
R ( f m ) :ASE noise power at the end of link caused
at
M 1
(7)
where
L
PDRS f m , L r ( f m ) PRS y G R y, L dy
Begin
(8)
III.
Begin
Pp:=22
PFWMtot(fm):= 0, p:=1
Pin/ch:=-12
q := 1
G1:=10
r := 1
GM-1:=10
Psig(G1,G2,G3,,GM-1,Pin/ch,Pp)
N
N
Y
d := 6
d := 3
PASEtot(m,Pp,Pin.ch,G1,G2,G3,,GM-1),
PDRS tot(m,Pp,Pin/ch,G1,G2,G3,,GM-1),
PFWMtot(m,Pp,Pin/ch,G1,G2,G3,,GM-1)
Calculating Ppqr
PFWMtot(fm) := PFWMtot(fm) +Ppqr
Beginr:=r+1
q:=q+1
INPUT PARAMETERS
M,mt,nsp,nspr,h,fmN
,k,B0,L1,L2,Lm,....
OSNRmin:={OSNR=Psig/(PASEtott+PDRS tot+PFWMtot)}
r <K
q <K
N .e-2A(M)
PASE(M-1)(fm):=mt.nsp.h.fm.(GM-1-1).B
0
Y
p:=p+1
p
<K
PASE(fm):=0,P:=1
N
Max<OSNRmin
End
Max:=OSNRmin
i>k
P:=P.e-2A(i+1)
PASEi(fm):=mt.nsp.h.fm.(Gi-1).B0.P
G(M-1):=G(M-1)+1
N
i=k
G1:=G1+1
P:=P.e-2A(i+1)
PASEr(fm):=mt.h.fm.Nase.B0.P
PASEk(fm):=mt.nsp.h.fm.(Gk-1).B0.P
PASEi(fm):=PASEr(fm)+PASEk(fm)
Gon_off:=(gR.Pp.Leff)/Aeff
P:=P.e-2A(i+1).Gon_off
PASEi(fm):=mt.nsp.h.fm.(Gi-1).B0.P
GM-1<=40
G1<=40
N
Pin/ch:=Pin.ch+1
Pin/ch<=0
N
PASE(fm):=PASE(fm)+PASEi(fm)
N
i<2
End
Pp:=Pp+1
PASEtot(fm):=PASE(fm)+PASE(M-1)(fm)
Pp<=27
N
i:=i-1
End
Pin/ch(opt)
-10dBm Vinh
L1 22dB
DWDM
G1
Ron
Dong hoi
Dong ha
Hue
29dB
18dB
19dB
19dB
L2=
154km
L4
L3
G2
L5
Da nang 39.71 dB
L7
16dB
L6
DWDM
G3
G4
G5
G6
23dB
36.5dB
18.2dB
23dB
18dB
27dB
Pin/ch(Non-opt)
OSNR(Non-opt)
34.41 dB
-8.98
dBm
Tx
Rx
Fig.9.
Vinh-Danang
segment
with
HFA
located
in
the
first
span;
Optimized
values:
Da nang
Vinh
We then build algorithm charts to calculate ASE noise
G2 Goptimize
,;Pin/ch ; OSNR are presented in Italic and Bold styles.
6
power, calculating FWM noise powerG1,and
It consists of 5 main segments (links) [10] connected from
parameters of link as in fig.6,7,8.
Ha noi (capital) to Ho Chi Minh City through many cities
The goal of this algorithm chart in fig.8. is to find out
located on the way. In each segment, EDFAs are established at
optimized parameter set including signal power per channel
communication center in the cities lying along the link.
launched fiber Pin/ch, EDFAs gain: G1, G2,GM-1; pump power of
Therefore, span length between every two EDFAs is different.
Raman amplifier: Pp for improving optical Signal-to-Noise
Communication is transferred in two directions. In this
ratio (OSNR) at the end of link.
system, Hanoi, Vinh, Danang, Quynhon, Phanrang and Ho chi
Steps of this algorithm chart could be explained in
Minh city play the role of both segment beginning and end
general as follows
positions where terminal DWDM equipments including
Step 1: Input parameters choosen from realistic values of link
optical transmitting and receiving cards are set up. Making
Step 2: Writing expressions for calculating signal power Psig,
algorithm and calculating optimal parameters, thus, can be
total accumulated ASE noise power PASEtot , total FWM noise
carried out independently in five segments for achieving
power PFWMtot, total accumlated DRS noise power PDRStot and
maximum of OSNR at the end of them. We consider VinhOSNR of mth channel at the end of Link. Assigment
Danang transmission link as one of the typical segments for
Max=15dB
applying algorithm charts mentioned in Fig.6,7,8. It connects
Step 3: running nested loops which correspond to parameters:
6 cities including Vinh-Ron-Donghoi-Dongha-Hue-Danang,
Pp, Pin/ch, G1, G2,GM-1; find out the set of their optimazed values
shown as fig.9. Other segments in this system will be
(Pp, Pin/ch, G1, G2,GM-1 ) to get maximum of OSNR at the end of
calculated and optimized similarly.
link.
IV. NUMERICAL RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
In each step of every loop, PASEtot, PFWMtot, PDRStot are
Total capacity of 160Gb/s including 16 channels
calculated following algorithm charts in fig.6, fig.7. Then,
(16x10Gbit/s) is expected one in this system in near future.
values of OSNRs correspond to different K channels are
However, capacity of 40Gb/s consisting of 4 channels is being
operated in these days. Optimizing, thus, will be done with 4
determined and they are compared one another to choose
channels for this link in first our step in order to compare
OSNRmin among them because if it satisfies technique
optimized results with realistic ones. At the same reason, we
choose 4 wavelengths in this caculation are similar to that in
requirements, OSNRs of remaining channels also satisfy them.
realistic link (see fig. 11):
Step 4: Max=OSNRmax is choosen in values of OSNRmin that
is found out in step 3
Step 5: Output Gains of EDFAs: G1..GM-1., Power per channel
and power pump: Pin/ch, Pp; Optical Signal-to-Noise:
OSNRmax (=Max); Drawing plots: Gains and OSNR Vs
Ordinal Number of channels
+ Applying in the Vietnam Nation-wide DWDM system for
optimization OSNR.
1 1547.740nm; 2 1548.533nm;
3 1549.328nm; 4 1554.974nm;
( 12dBm 0dBm) ,
range
from
(10dB 40dB ) and (22dB 27 dB ) , respectively
[10], [11], [13].
changed
in
dD
=0.09ps/
d
G1
23
G2
36.5
G3
18.2
G4
23
G5
18
G6
27
22
29
18
19
19
16
Fig.13. signal and different noise powers at the end of 16channel Vinh-Danang Link in cases of optimized and nonoptimized parameters